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Encyclopedia > Battle of Santa Cruz


Aircraft carrier USS Hornet under attack, 26 October 1942
Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands
Conflict World War II, Pacific War
Date October 25, 1942 – October 27, 1942
Place Santa Cruz Islands, United States Japan
Commanders
William Halsey, Jr. Isoroku Yamamoto
Strength
2 carriers, 1 battleship, 6 cruisers, 14 destroyers, 170 planes 4 carriers, 2 battleships, 10 cruisers, 22 destroyers, 200 planes
Casualties
1 carrier sunk, 1 carrier damaged, 1 battleship damaged, 81 planes destroyed 2 carriers badly damaged, 1 cruiser damaged, 91 planes destroyed
Solomon Islands campaign
Guadalcanal – Savo – Eastern Solomons – Cape Esperance – Santa Cruz – Naval Guadalcanal – Tassafaronga – Rennell – Blackett Strait – New Georgia – Kula – Kolombangara – Vella – Horaniu – Vella Lavella – Bougainville – Empress Augusta Bay – Cape St. George

The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was a naval battle of World War II, one of several episodes in the struggle for the Solomon Islands. Fought on 26 October 1942, the Japanese won a tactical victory by crippling the aircraft carrier USS Hornet and forcing the remaining US ships to retreat, but they did not achieve their strategic goal of dislodging the US Marines from Guadalcanal.


The Japanese, reluctant to risk their remaining carriers in a major engagement in the Solomons until they had a good land airfield, decided to seize Henderson Field on Guadalcanal. The land offensive commenced on 23 October 1942 but the Marines managed to repulse each assault. Vice Admiral Halsey, the Commander of the South Pacific Area, sent the Hornet and Enterprise to attack the Japanese fleet cruising northeast of the Solomons.


On 26 October both carrier forces launched their aircraft against each other in an exchange of strikes which damaged Hornet and Shokaku. In two subsequent attacks from Shokaku and Zuikaku Enterprise was hit and damaged while Hornet was set ablaze, abandoned, and later sunk by the Japanese destroyers Akigumo and Makigumo. The Americans retreated eastwards to get air cover from the land bases in the New Hebrides but the Japanese, still cautious because of their defeat at Midway, failed to pursue the American fleet and lost the opportunity to sink or damage Enterprise.


References





  Results from FactBites:
 
Battle of Yungay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (717 words)
Andrés de Santa Cruz, who was in charge of the Confederate Army, attempted to pursue the invaders and, after a favorable battle in the Buin River, was trying to finish quickly with the Chilean troops in order to stabilize the internal situation in the country and to avoid any more uprisings against him.
While the army of the Confederate Protector was made up of veterans of internal battles and was supported by the population, besides counting on adequate supplies provided by the vicinity, the Chilean Army met with the antipathy of the inhabitants and was on the run, with part of the troops ill and little prepared.
The Battle of Yungay brought as a consequence the end of the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy, the cessation of Santa Cruz' influence in Bolivia - in spite of up to six subsequent uprisings in his name in Bolivia - and the restoration of both nationsas separate, as was the intention of the Recovery Expedition.
Encyclopedia4U - Battle of Guadalcanal - Encyclopedia Article (377 words)
Battle of the Eastern Solomons on 24 August
These naval battles did not produce a victor, but the Japanese were unable to replace their losses.
The land battle hinged around the airfield which the Americans named Henderson Field, a muddy airstrip hanging onto the edge of the island, and considered "an unsinkable aircraft carrier".
  More results at FactBites »


 
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