The Second Battle of Svensksund (fi: Ruotsinsalmi, ru: Rochensalm) was a naval engagement fought in the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea, outside the present day city of Kotka, on 9-10 July 1790 during the Russo-Swedish War (1788-1790) (also known as King Gustav III's Russian War) in which Swedish naval forces defeated the Russian coastal fleet losing 9,500 of 14,000 men and 1/3 of their fleet captured compared to the Swedish loss of 6 ships and 300 men. This defeat would force Russia to negotiate with Sweden eventually signing the Treaty of Värälä on August 14, 1790. The battle is considered as one of the biggest in history of mankind looking at the number of vessels involved. Gustav IIIs Russian War, also known as the Russo-Swedish War, was fought between Sweden and Russia from June 1788 to August 1790. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Kotka (finnish Eagle) is a town and municipality of Finland. ... Casus belli is a Latin expression from the international law theory of Jus ad bellum. ... Gustav III (13 January 1746 (O.S.) (24 January 1746 (N.S.))–March 29, 1792) was King of Sweden from 1771 until his death. ... Ships of the line were 1st, 2nd, or 3rd-rated ships in the rating system of the Royal Navy. ... A French galley and Dutch men-of-war off a port by Abraham Willaerts, painted 17th century. ... KIA is a three-letter abbreviation for killed in action, a term often used in military histories and narratives to count the number of casualties in a conflict, or the status of an individual. ... WIA is a three letter abbreviation meaning wounded in action. ... Finnish ( â–¶ (help· info)) is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland (92%) and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. ... Russian (Russian: русский язык, russkij jazyk, â–¶(?)) is the most widely spoken language of Europe and the most widespread of the Slavic languages. ... The Baltic Sea The Gulf of Finland is an arm of the Baltic Sea that extends between Finland (to the north) and Estonia (to the south) all the way to the city of Saint Petersburg in Russia, where the river Neva drains into it. ... The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, from 53 deg. ... Kotka (finnish Eagle) is a town and municipality of Finland. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Gustav IIIs Russian War, also known as the Russo-Swedish War, was fought between Sweden and Russia from June 1788 to August 1790. ... Gustav IIIs Russian War, also known as the Russo-Swedish War, was fought between Sweden and Russia from June 1788 to August 1790. ... This ended Gustav IIIs Russian adventure on the terms favorable to Russia ... August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

Russo-Swedish War

The Swedish king Gustav III started the war to cover up for domestic political problems, but also to be able to fulfill the role as the king and hero. The war started in 1788 and was supposed to be won by a surprise assault on St Petersburg, conducted by the royal navy and the Army´s navy; (Skärgårdsflottan). The latter was a superb brown-water force, designed for coastal amphibious warfare in the baltics and the elite of the Swedish armed force in the late 18th century. Gustav III (13 January 1746 (O.S.) (24 January 1746 (N.S.))–March 29, 1792) was the King of Sweden from February 12, 1771 until his death. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The Swedish Naval Ensign The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Marinen) is the naval branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. ... Landing ship Rapière Amphibious warfare is the assault of an objective located on land by a force attacking from ships. ... Swedish Army - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

After the Battle of Hogland (1788) (a tactical tie but a strategic failure for the Swedes) the Russians gained the initiative and the tensions in Sweden rised. The First Battle of Svensksund on August 24, 1789 and ended in a massive Swedish defeat. 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... August 24 is the 236th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (237th in leap years), with 129 days remaining. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

Second battle of Svensksund

In 1790 an attempt to assault Viborg failed, and the Swedish navy, caught in a trap in the Bay of Viborg was able to escape but with heavy losses on the 3rd of July. After retreating to Svensksund, the king Gustav III together with his Flag Captain Colonel Lieutenant Carl Olof Cronstedt waited and prepared the navies for the waited Russian attack. On the 6th of July, the final descisions were made for the defences, and early in the morning on the 9th of July, 1790 the "Ordre de Bataille" was given and the battle started. 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Viborg refers to: Viborg - a city in Denmark Viborg - a city in Karelia (also known as Vyborg) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... July 3rd is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ...

The second battle of Svensksund was the biggest naval battle ever at the time: 500 ships (including supply ships and other ships not involved in combat), close to 30,000 men and several thousand cannons. Even today, only the Battle of Leyte Gulf has been larger. In Svensksund, the Swedes boasted to have destroyed 40 percent of the Russian coastal fleet. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was a naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II, fought in the seas around the island of Leyte in the Philippines from 23 October to 26 October 1944. ...

Along with 21 other ships the swedes captured the flagship of Prince Nassau, the "Catarina"

The war ended on August 14, 1790, and neither party gained any territory. August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ...

After the war the Russian started a massive fortification program on the eastern, Russian, side of the Kymi river, building the sea fortress Fort Slava and the land fortress Kyminlinna. The forts later grew into the port city of Kotka. Kotka (finnish Eagle) is a town and municipality of Finland. ...

Sankt Nikolai

The Russian frigate Sankt Nikolai was sunk in the battle. She was found in 1948 almost intact in the sea bottom outside Kotka. Over 2300 objects have been recovered from her hull by divers. [1] Frigate is a name which has been used for several distinct types of warships at different times. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Kotka (finnish Eagle) is a town and municipality of Finland. ...

External links

• Vyborg and Rochensalm in History of Russian Navy
• The Sea Battle at Svensksund 1790
• The Swedish-Russian Sea Battles of 1790
• The Swedish Navy 1788-1809
• Ruotsinsalmi from the east
• The wreck of Saint Nikolai