Battle of Ticonderoga (1777) Part of American Revolutionary War Fort Ticondergoa Date July 5-6, 1777 Location New York State, United States Result British Victory Combatants Great Britain United States Commanders John Burgoyne General Arthur St. Clair Strength approximately 8,000 approximately 3,500

Saratoga campaign, 1777 Ticonderoga – Hubbardton – Fort Ann – Oriskany – Bennington – 1st Saratoga (Freeman's Farm) – 2nd Saratoga (Bemis Heights)

The Battle of Ticonderoga occurred on July 5 and July 6, 1777 was more a battle of maneuver than a direct conflict in the American Revolutionary War. The British Army, led by John Burgoyne, occupied the fort after forcing American General Arthur St. Clair to withdraw the defenders. Image File history File linksMetadata Ticonderoga1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Ticonderoga1. ... This article is about the state. ... General John Burgoyne (February 24, 1722 – August 4, 1792) was a British army officer, politician and dramatist. ... Portrait of St. ... Commanders Horatio Gates John Burgoyne Template:Campaignbox American Revolutionary War: Campaign of 1777 The campaign of 1777 was a series of battles in 1777 during the American Revolutionary War for control of the Hudson River. ... Combatants Continental army Great Britain Brunswick-Luneburg Commanders Seth Warner Simon Fraser Baron von Riedesel Strength 1,200 men 850 men 180 Germans Casualties 41 killed, 96 wounded, 234 captured 60 killed, 148 wounded The Battle of Hubbardton was an engagement in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War. ... Combatants British United States Commanders Lt Col. ... Combatants Tryon County militia 40 Oneida Indians Hanau Jager detachment Kings Royal Regiment of New York Butlers Rangers Seneca Indians Natives of the Seven Nations of Canada: Mohawks, Abenakis, Algonquins, Nipissings and Hurons Commanders Nicholas Herkimer † Sir John Johnson, John Butler, Chief Joseph Brant Strength 800 450+ Casualties... Combatants Vermont, militiamen/Green Mountain Boys, Massachusetts, New Hampshire Brunswick, British Army troops, Native Americans Commanders John Stark Friedrich Baum Strength 2,000 1,250 Casualties 40 killed, 30 wounded 207 killed, 700 captured The Battle of Bennington :) was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, taking place on August... Combatants Continental Army Patriot militia Britain Hessian Army Commanders Benedict Arnold Daniel Morgan Henry Dearborn Ebenezer Learned Enoch Poor Simon Fraser Baron von Riedesel James Inglis Hamilton Casualties 300 killed or wounded 600 killed or wounded The Battle of Freemans Farm (September 19, 1777) was the first engagement in... The Battle of Bemis Heights on October 7, 1777 is also known as the 2nd Battle of Saratoga since it was the second and last major engagement in the Battle of Saratoga of the American Revolutionary War. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1777 (MDCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about military actions only. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... General John Burgoyne (February 24, 1722 – August 4, 1792) was a British army officer, politician and dramatist. ... Portrait of St. ...

Background

The British and Hessian advance of the previous summer was halted at the Battle of Valcour. Fort Ticonderoga was a key stronghold in controlling the southern extent of Lake Champlain and thus entry to the Hudson River Valley. The British strategy was to divide the rebellious colonies in two by linking British forces moving south from Quebec with those moving northward along the Hudson from New York City. The taking of the fort was key to the success of this strategy. The term Hessian refers to the inhabitants of the German state of Hesse. ... The Battle of Valcour Island, 11 October 1776, also known as Battle of Valcour Bay, was a naval engagement fought on Lake Champlain in a narrow strait between the New York mainland and Valcour Island. ... Fort Ticonderoga is a large 18th century fort built at a strategically important narrows in Lake Champlain where a short traverse gives access to the north end of Lake George in the state of New York, USA. The fort controlled both commonly used trade routes between the English-controlled Hudson... Landsat photo Lake Champlain (French: lac Champlain) is a large lake in North America, mostly within the borders of the United States (states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the US-Canada border in the province of Quebec. ... Image of the Hudson River taken by NASA. View of the Hudson River in 1880s showing Jersey City View of the Hudson River from Battery Park, New York The Goldman Sachs Tower looms above the skyline of downtown Jersey City, New Jersey, overlooking the Hudson River. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...

Winter fortifications

Since the winter, American forces had worked for months in defensive preparations to repair the old fort, and they had built several new battlements. They also strengthened Fort Independence across Lake Champlain and had constructed a pontoon bridge where the La Chute River entered to support communication between the two. Fort Independence is a fort in Missouri, United States. ... Landsat photo Lake Champlain (French: lac Champlain) is a large lake in North America, mostly within the borders of the United States (states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the US-Canada border in the province of Quebec. ...

The fort was manned by several under-strength regiments of the Continental Army and militia units from several states. In all, General Arthur St. Clair had about 2,500 men in the place. Illustration depicting uniforms and weapons used during the 1779 to 1783 period of the American Revolution by showing four soldiers standing in an informal group General George Washington, was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army on June 15, 1775. ... Lebanese Kataeb militia A Militia is an army composed of ordinary [1] citizens to provide defense, emergency or paramilitary service, or those engaged in such activity. ... Portrait of St. ...

Geography

A height called Sugar Loaf overlooked both forts, and large cannon on that height would make their positions impossible to defend; a tactical problem that John Trumbull had pointed out earlier in the year when General Gates had been in command. Mount Defiance is an 853 ft (260 m) high hill on the New York side of Lake Champlain, in the North Eastern United States. ... This article is about the American painter. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Gates felt it was impossible for the British to place cannon on the heights, and after Gates left to lobby the Congress, his successor General Schuyler also declared that the concern was pointless. The Continental Congress was the first national government of the United States. ... Philip Schuyler Philip John Schuyler (November 10, 1733 – November 18, 1804) was a general in the American Revolution and a United States Senator from New York. ...

With Gates and Schuyler locked in a political struggle for command of the Northern Department, and General St. Clair left in command, he refused to override Schuyler's orders, holding to his position even after Tadeusz Kosciuszko repeated Trumbull's warning and Benedict Arnold, with his bad leg, climbed to the top of Sugar Loaf to confirm the reality of the threat. Since Gates now endorsed Kosciuszko's advice, Schuyler and St. Clair ignored it. The overall Continental Army of the American Revolutionary War was organized into six departments for command and administrative purposes. ... Tadeusz Kościuszko. ... For other persons named Benedict Arnold, see Benedict Arnold (disambiguation). ...

British strength

Burgoyne's force of around 8,000 men with artillery and naval support was enough to overwhelm St. Clair's position, manned by about 3,500 newly-arrived militia. Schuyler ordered St. Clair to hold out as long as he could before withdrawing, while additional forces were gathered for the defense of Albany. By early July, the Burgoyne expedition arrived in the area. For other uses, see Albany. ...

Evacuation and fall

British reconnaissance also discovered the strategic position of Sugar Loaf. Starting on July 2, they cleared and fortified gun emplacements on top of that height. They also spent several days drawing some of their larger up the slope, using winches to move from tree to tree. On July 4, the Americans held a quiet celebration with some toasts to commemorate the previous year's Declaration of Independence, but on the morning of July 5, 1777, they awoke to discover the completed British position, with more guns arriving throughout the day. is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States Declaration of Independence was an act of the Second Continental Congress, adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared that the Thirteen Colonies in North America were Free and Independent States and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1777 (MDCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Trumbull had already demonstrated that fire from the American guns could not reach the summit. Aware that canon fire from the heights would reduce the fortress to rubble, General St. Clair withdrew his force under cover of darkness on July 5. is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The guns at Ticonderoga, most remaining supplies, and some men too ill and wounded to move were left to the British, where they were raped up the butt and molested. A handful of men were left at Fort Independence with loaded cannon and lit matches to fire on the pontoon bridge after the withdrawal, but they were incapable of mounting a defense. The next morning, British troops captured them and occupied the forts without firing a shot. General Simon Fraser set out in pursuit of the retreating Americans. General Simon Fraser Simon Fraser (1729 - October 7, 1777, Saratoga, New York) was a British general during the American Revolutionary War who was killed in the Battle of Bemis Heights. ...

Aftermath

The withdrawal from Ticonderoga was hurried but was a part of the American defensive strategy adopted by General Schuyler in response to the British Saratoga Campaign. Fraser's pursuit resulted in the Battle of Hubbardton when they caught up with the rear guard. St. Clair, meanwhile, brought most of his men to join forces with Schuyler at Fort Edward and to prepare for the Battle of Saratoga. Ticonderoga did not substantially delay Burgoyne's advance, but he did leave several regiments and much of his Canadian force as a garrison. Commanders Horatio Gates John Burgoyne Template:Campaignbox American Revolutionary War: Campaign of 1777 The campaign of 1777 was a series of battles in 1777 during the American Revolutionary War for control of the Hudson River. ... Combatants Continental army Great Britain Brunswick-Luneburg Commanders Seth Warner Simon Fraser Baron von Riedesel Strength 1,200 men 850 men 180 Germans Casualties 41 killed, 96 wounded, 234 captured 60 killed, 148 wounded The Battle of Hubbardton was an engagement in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War. ... Combatants British 9th/Hill, 20th/Lynd, 21st/ Hamilton, 62nd/Ansthruter, Simon Fraser Brunswick Major Generals V. Riedesel, 1st Brigade (Brunswickers) Brig. ...

The political impact of the surrender was much stronger. The Congress was appalled, and they censured both Schuyler and St. Clair for the loss. Schuyler was removed as commander of the Northern Department and was replaced by General Gates. St. Clair maintained that his conduct had been honorable, demanded review by a court martial, and was completely exonerated. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Eventually, after Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga, the British garrison at Ticonderoga withdrew to St. John's, and the Americans re-occupied Fort Ticonderoga with no major incidents. Combatants British 9th/Hill, 20th/Lynd, 21st/ Hamilton, 62nd/Ansthruter, Simon Fraser Brunswick Major Generals V. Riedesel, 1st Brigade (Brunswickers) Brig. ...

References

Ketchum, Richard M.; Saratoga: Turning Point of America's Revolutionary War; 1997, Henry Holt & Company, ISBN 0-8050-4681-X; (Paperback ISBN 0-8050-6123-1)

v • d • e New York in the American Revolutionary War

Pre-war: Sons of Liberty 1775: Capture of Fort Ticonderoga – Invasion of Canada 1776: New York and New Jersey campaign – Battle of Long Island – New York Prison Ships Begin – Landing at Kip's Bay – Battle of Harlem Heights – Great Fire of New York – Execution of Nathan Hale – Battle of Valcour Island – Battle of Pell's Point – Battle of White Plains – Battle of Fort Washington 1777: Meigs Raid – Saratoga campaign – Battle of Ticonderoga – Battle of Hubbardton – Battle of Fort Ann – Battle of Oriskany – Battle of Saratoga – Battle of Freeman's Farm – Battle of Bemis Heights 1778: Setauket Spy Ring Launched – Battle of Cobleskill – West Point established – Cherry Valley massacre 1779: Battle of Stony Point – Sullivan Expedition – Battle of Newtown 1780: First Purple Heart – André Capture Reveals Traitor Benedict Arnold 1781: HMS Culloden Runs Aground at Montauk – Washington Calls Off Invasion of New York to Support Yorktown 1782: Washington's Headquarters at Newburgh – Newburgh letter – 1783: Newburgh conspiracy – British Evacuate New York – Washington's Farewell to His Officers