Battle of Ulm
Part of the War of the Third Coalition
The Capitulation of Ulm by Charles Thevenin. Oil on canvas.
Date October 16-19, 1805 Location Ulm, Württemberg, Germany Result Decisive French victory, an entire army captured
Combatants
First French Empire	Austrian Empire
Commanders
Napoleon I	Mack von Liebereich #
Strength
150,000	72,000
Casualties
5,980 dead or wounded	12,000 dead or wounded, 30,000 captured

The Ulm Campaign September-October 1805.

The Battle of Ulm, part of the Napoleonic Wars, was fought in 1805 near Ulm in Württemberg. It was a great victory for Napoleon, resulting in the surrender and destruction of an entire Austrian army. Combatants Austria Russia United Kingdom Naples and Sicily Portugal Sweden France Batavia Italy Etruria Spain Bavaria Württemberg Commanders Francis II Karl Mack von Leiberich Archduke Charles Alexander I Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Horatio Nelson† Napoleon I André Masséna Pierre-Charles Villeneuve The War of the Third Coalition was a... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 520 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,024 × 665 pixels, file size: 208 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Ulm (disambiguation). ... Arms of the Kingdom of Württemberg The title of this article contains the character ü. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Wuerttemberg. ... Map of the First French Empire in 1811, with the Empire in dark blue and satellite states in light blue Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1804 - 1814/1815 Napoleon I  - 1814/1815 Napoleon II Legislature Parliament  - Upper house Senate  - Lower house Corps législatif Historical era Napoleonic... Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History  - Established 1804  - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded... Napoléon I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to Napoléon Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica – 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from... Karl Freiherr Mack von Leiberich (August 25, 1752 - December 22, 1828), Austrian soldier, was born at Nenslingen, in Bavaria. ... Balian of Ibelin surrendering the city of Jerusalem to Saladin, from Les Passages faits Outremer par les Français contre les Turcs et autres Sarrasins et Maures outremarins, ca. ... Combatants First French Empire, Kingdom of Bavaria Austrian Empire Commanders Napoleon I Mack von Liebereich # Strength 235,000 (including 25,000 Bavarians)[1] 72,000[2] Casualties 2,000[3] 60,000[2] The Ulm Campaign was a series of French and Bavarian military maneuvers and battles in 1805, during... Combatants First French Empire Austrian Empire Commanders Joachim Murat, Jean Lannes Franz Xavier Auffenberg Strength 12,000 5,500 Casualties >200 killed or wounded 400 killed or wounded 3,000 captured The Battle of Wertingen, fought on October 8, 1805, was part of the War of the 3rd Coalition, which... Combatants First French Empire Austrian Empire Commanders Pierre Dupont de lEtang Karl Mack von Lieberich Strength <6,000 25,000 Casualties 1,000 killed or wounded 400 killed, 1,100 wounded, 4,000 captured The Battle of Haslach-Jungingen, fought on October 11, 1805, was part of the War... The Battle of Elchingen was fought on October 14, 1805, between French forces and a small Austrian force. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 779 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1260 × 970 pixel, file size: 244 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Description  Ulm campaign - French strategic envelopment, 26 September-9 October 1805 Author/Source  The Department of History, United States Military Academy Licensing  In the public domain... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 779 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1260 × 970 pixel, file size: 244 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Description  Ulm campaign - French strategic envelopment, 26 September-9 October 1805 Author/Source  The Department of History, United States Military Academy Licensing  In the public domain... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia  Spain[d]  Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia Württemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack... 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Ulm (disambiguation). ... Arms of the Kingdom of Württemberg The title of this article contains the character ü. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Wuerttemberg. ...

In 1805, the United Kingdom, the Austrian Empire, Sweden, and the Russian Empire formed the Third Coalition to overthrow the French Empire. When Bavaria sided with Napoleon, the Austrians, 72,000 strong under General Mack von Leiberich, prematurely invaded while the Russians were still marching through Poland. This mix-up was caused by the fact that while the Austrians used the Gregorian calendar, the Russians were still using the Julian calendar. This meant that their dates did not correspond, and the Austrians were brought into conflict with the French before the Russians could come into line. Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History  - Established 1804  - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded... The subject of this article was previously also known as Russia. ... In the Napoleonic Wars, the Third Coalition against Napoléon emerged in 1805, and consisted of an alliance of the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia, Naples, and Sweden against France. ... Map of the First French Empire in 1811, with the Empire in dark blue and satellite states in light blue Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1804 - 1814/1815 Napoleon I  - 1814/1815 Napoleon II Legislature Parliament  - Upper house Senate  - Lower house Corps législatif Historical era Napoleonic... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ... Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 &#8211; 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des... Karl Freiherr Mack von Leiberich (August 25, 1752 - December 22, 1828), Austrian soldier, was born at Nenslingen, in Bavaria. ... For the calendar of religious holidays and periods, see liturgical year. ... The Julian calendar was a reform of the Roman calendar which was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). ...

Napoleon had 177,000 troops of the Grande Armée at Boulogne, ready to invade England. They marched south on August 27 and by September 24 were in position facing General Mack, around Ulm, from Strasbourg to Weißenburg in Bayern. On October 7, Mack learned that Napoleon planned to march round his right flank so as to cut him off from the Russians who were marching via Vienna. He accordingly changed front, placing his left at Ulm and his right at Rain, but the French went on and crossed the Danube at Neuburg. La Grande Armée (French for the Great Army or the Grand Army) first entered the annals of history when, in 1805, Napoleon I renamed the army that he had assembled on the French coast of the English Channel for the proposed invasion of Britain and re-deployed it East... Boulogne-sur-Mer is a city and commune in northern France, in the Pas-de-Calais département of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Ulm (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Strasburg. ... Weissenburg in Bayern (historically also Weißenburg im Nordgau) is a city in Bavaria, Germany. ... is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ... Rain (also: Rain am Lech) is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Bavaria, Germany. ... This article is about the Danube River. ... Neuburg an der Donau, literally Neuburg on the Danube river, is a town which is the capital of the Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district in the state of Bavaria in Germany. ...

Trying to extricate himself, Mack attempted to cross the Danube at Günzburg, but clashed with the French VI Corps at Elchingen on October 14 in the Battle of Elchingen. The Austrians lost 2,000 men and returned to Ulm. By October 16, Napoleon had surrounded Mack's entire army at Ulm, and three days later Mack surrendered with 30,000 men, 18 generals, 65 guns, and 40 standards. Günzburg is capital of the district of Günzburg in Swabia, Bavaria. ... Elchingen is a municipality about 7 km east of Ulm/Neu-Ulm in the district of Neu-Ulm in Bavaria, Germany Municipality parts: Thalfingen: 4. ... The Battle of Elchingen was fought on October 14, 1805, between French forces and a small Austrian force. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Some 20,000 escaped, 10,000 were killed or wounded, and the rest made prisoner. About 6,000 French were killed or wounded. At the surrender, Mack offered his sword and presented himself to Napoleon as "The unfortunate General Mack."^[1] Bonaparte smiled and replied, "I give back to the unfortunate General his sword and his freedom, along with my regards to give to his Emperor".^{[citation needed]} Francis II was not as kind, however. Mack was court martialed and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. Francis I in Austrian coronation regalia, 1832 Austrian thaler of Francis II, dated 1821. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The Battle of Ulm is considered one of the finest examples of a strategic turning movement in military history. In military tactics, a turning movement involves an attackers forces reaching the rear of a defenders forces, separating the defender from their principal defensive positions. ...

The battlefield near the monastery of Elchingen on October 14

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 433 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Kosterkirche Oberelchingen. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 433 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Kosterkirche Oberelchingen. ...

Footnotes

1. ^ Blond, G. La Grande Armée. Castle Books, 1979. pg.59.

For more details on this topic, see Ulm Campaign.