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The Battle of Yarmouk (also spelled Yarmuk, Yarmuq or Hieromyax and معركة اليرموك) took place between the Muslim Arabs and the Byzantine Roman Empire in 636. It is considered by some historians to have been one of the most significant battles in the history of the world, in that it marked the first great wave of Muslim conquests outside the Arabian Peninsula. It also heralded the rapid advance of Islam into Christian Palestine, Syria and Mesopotamia. This battle is also considered to be one of Khalid ibn al-Walid's most decisive victories. Combatants Byzantine Empire[1], Arab Ghassanids, Bulgarian Empire (later) Muslim Arabs (Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates) The Byzantine-Arab Wars was a long drawn-out war between the Byzantine Empire and the emerging Arab Empire. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Eastern Roman Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Zayd ibn Harithah † Jafar ibn Abu Talib † Abdullah ibn Rawahah † Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Theodorus Shurahbil ibn Amr al-Ghassani Strength 3,000 (Ibn Qayyim)[4][5] 3,000 (Ibn Hajar)[6][5] 100,000 according to Muslim sources... According to the ,Ar-raheeq Al-makhtum( the sealed nectar) the prize winning Biography of the noble prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him), the battle of Tabouk in the 9th year of the Muslim calendar (which started when Mohammad peace be upon him , migrated from Makkah to Madinah). ... Battle of Dathin was a minor battle between the Muslims and the Byzantines in February of 634. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Persian Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Yazdgerd III Strength 15,000[1] 100,000[2] Casualties Low 50,000[2] The Battle of Firaz was the last battle of the Muslim Arab commander Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah... Combatants Byzantine Empire Muslim Arabs (Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates) The Age of the Caliphs The Muslim conquest of Syria occured in the first half of the 7th century. ... Combatants Muslims Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid  ? Strength 9000 unknown but less then muslims Casualties very Few Unknown but more then muslims. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Ghassanids Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Romanus Strength 4,000 infantry,[1] 1,500 cavalry[1] 12,000[1] Casualties 230[1] 8,000 Bosra was the first important town to be captured by the Muslims in Syria, as it was capital city of... Combatants Eastern Roman Empire Muslim Arabs Commanders Wardan, Governor of Emesa, Qubuqlar, Theodoros Khalid ibn al-Walid, Shurahbil, Yazid Ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr Ibn al-As, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Strength About 25,000[1] 50,000[2] Casualties 20,000 in two days of battle and while fleeing... Combatants Muslims Ghassanids Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid  ? Strength 9000 5000-6000 Casualties none Few hundreds. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Saqalar Strength 30,000 80,000 Casualties Unknown 10,000 The Battle of Fahl was a Byzantine-Arab battle fought between the Muslim Arabs under Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah) and the Roman Empire under Heraclius... This battle took place between byzantine army and Khalid ibn al-Walids army near the city of hazir. ... Combatants Muslims Byzantine Empire Christian Arabs. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Muslim Arabs (Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates) At the commencement of the Muslim conquest of Egypt, Egypt was part of the Byzantine Empire with its capital in Constantinople. ... The Battle of Heliopolis was a decisive battle between Arab Muslim armies and Byzantine forces for the control of Egypt. ... Combatants Muslims Roman (Byzantine) Empire Commanders Unknown Unknown Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown Battle between Arab Muslim troops under Amr ibn al-Aas, and Roman troops, in Egypt, in the Spring of 646. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Umayyad Caliphate The Umayyad conquest of North Africa continued the century of rapid Arab Muslim expansion following the death of Mohammed in 632 CE. By 640 the Arabs controlled Mesopotamia, had invaded Armenia, and were concluding their conquest of Byzantine Syria. ... Combatants Umayyad Caliphate Byzantine Empire Commanders Hassan bin al-Numan Ioannes the Patrician and Tiberius Apsimar Strength 40,000 Unknown Casualties Unknown total loss of a territory The Battle of Carthage was fought in 698 between the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa, and the armies of the Umayyad Caliphate. ... The Arab Empire at its greatest extent The Arab Empire usually refers to the following Caliphates: Rashidun Caliphate (632 - 661) Umayyad Caliphate (661 - 750) - Successor of the Rashidun Caliphate Umayyad Emirate in Islamic Spain (750 - 929) Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba in Islamic Spain (929 - 1031) Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258... Anatolia and Europe Anatolia (Turkish: from Greek: Ανατολία - Anatolia) is a peninsula of Western Asia which forms the greater part of the Asian portion of Turkey, as opposed to the European portion (Thrace, or traditionally Rumelia). ... The 1453 Siege of Constantinople (painted 1499) There were at least 24 sieges of Constantinople during the history of the Byzantine Empire. ... Combatants Muslims Byzantine Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Khalid ibn al-Walid Unknown Strength 17,000 40,000-50,000 Casualties Unknown but few hundreds. ... Combatants Roman (Byzantine) Empire Umayyad Caliphate Commanders Constantine IV Muawiyah I Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown The First Arab Siege of Constantinople in 674 was a major conflict of the Byzantine-Arab Wars, and only the second time Constantinoples defences were tested. ... Combatants Roman (Byzantine) Empire Umayyad Caliphate Commanders Unknown Unknown Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown The naval Battle of Syllaeum took place in 677 near Syllaeum and was fought between the Arabs and the Byzantine Empire in coordination with a series of land battles in Anatolia and Syria. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs (Rashidun Caliphate) Roman (Byzantine) Empire Commanders Unknown Unknown Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown Battle of That Al-Sawari was a naval battle between the Muslim Arabs and the Byzantine Empire. ... Combatants Umayyad Caliphate Byzantine Empire, First Bulgarian Empire Commanders Maslama, Admiral Suleiman Leo III, Khan Tervel Strength About 400,000 men, 1,800 ships 30,000 Byzantines, 50,000 Bulgarians Casualties 130,000-170,000 men, About 1,795 ships Unknown The Second Arab siege of Constantinople (717-718), was... The Battle of Akroinon was fought at Akroinon (also known as Acroinon or Acroinum, near modern Afyon) in Phrygia, on the western edge of the Anatolian plateau, in 739 between an Umayyad Arab army of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, led by his brother Sulayman, and Byzantine forces led by... The Islamic conquest and domination of Sicily (as well as parts of southern Italy) is a process whose origin must be traced back in the general expansion of Islam from the 7th century onwards (see Muslim conquests for more details). ... Khālid ibn al-WalÄ«d (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ... The Arabian Peninsula Emirets towers in United Arab Emirates; the eastern part of Arabian Penisula The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية, or جزيرة العرب) is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia consisting mainly of desert. ... Combatants Muslims Quraysh-led Coalition Commanders Muhammad Abu Sufyan Strength 700 3,000 Casualties 70 dead 22 The Battle of Uhud was fought on 23 March, 625, between a force from the small Muslim community of Medina, in what is now north-western Arabia, and a force from Mecca, the... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Eastern Roman Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Zayd ibn Harithah † Jafar ibn Abu Talib † Abdullah ibn Rawahah † Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Theodorus Shurahbil ibn Amr al-Ghassani Strength 3,000 (Ibn Qayyim)[4][5] 3,000 (Ibn Hajar)[6][5] 100,000 according to Muslim sources... Combatants Muslims Quraish Commanders Muhammad Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Strength 10,000 unknown Casualties 0 0 Mecca was conquered by the Muslims on the 10th day of Ramadan in the year 630 January AD ( 8 AH) [1] . In 628 the Meccan tribe of Quraish and the Muslim community in Medina... The Battle of Hunayn is the name of a battle where the prophet Muhammad participiated in the year 630 CE. Categories: Military stubs | Islam-related stubs ... The Siege of Taif took place in 630 CE, as the Muslims besieged the city of Taif after their victory in the Battle of Hunayn. ... The Ridda wars (also known as the Riddah wars and the Wars of Apostasy) were a set of military campaigns against apostasy and rebellion against the Caliph Abu Bakr during 632 and 633 AD, following the death of Muhammad(S). ... Combatants Muslims Rebel Apostates Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid MusailimaThe lair Strength 13,000 40,000 Casualties 1200 21,000 The Battle of Yamama was fought in December 632 A.C in the plain of Aqraba near Yamama. ... this battle took place in 633 A.C between tribal mistress Salma and Khalid ibn al-Walids army. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... battle took place between Khalid ibn al-Walid and a false prophet in 633 A.C september. ... this battle took place between the remaining army of battle of Buzakha and Khalid ibn al-Walids army 20 miles from buzakha. ... this battle took place in october 633 between reble armies and Khalid ibn al-Walids army. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Islamic conquest of Afghanistan. ... The Battle of River took place in Iraq between the Muslims and the Persian army. ... The Battle of Walaja took place in 633 in what is now known as Iraq. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Combatants Muslims Persians Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid  ? Strength 9000 Un-known Casualties very few. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Persian Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Mahbuzan,Huzail bin Imran. ... Combatants Muslims Christian Arabs. ... Combatants Muslims Christian Arabs. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Persian Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Yazdgerd III Strength 15,000[1] 100,000[2] Casualties Low 50,000[2] The Battle of Firaz was the last battle of the Muslim Arab commander Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah... Combatants Byzantine Empire Muslim Arabs (Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates) The Age of the Caliphs The Muslim conquest of Syria occured in the first half of the 7th century. ... Combatants Muslims Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid  ? Strength 9000 unknown but less then muslims Casualties very Few Unknown but more then muslims. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Ghassanids Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Romanus Strength 4,000 infantry,[1] 1,500 cavalry[1] 12,000[1] Casualties 230[1] 8,000 Bosra was the first important town to be captured by the Muslims in Syria, as it was capital city of... Combatants Eastern Roman Empire Muslim Arabs Commanders Wardan, Governor of Emesa, Qubuqlar, Theodoros Khalid ibn al-Walid, Shurahbil, Yazid Ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr Ibn al-As, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Strength About 25,000[1] 50,000[2] Casualties 20,000 in two days of battle and while fleeing... Combatants Muslims Ghassanids Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid  ? Strength 9000 5000-6000 Casualties none Few hundreds. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Saqalar Strength 30,000 80,000 Casualties Unknown 10,000 The Battle of Fahl was a Byzantine-Arab battle fought between the Muslim Arabs under Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah) and the Roman Empire under Heraclius... Combatants Byzantine Empire[1], Arab Ghassanids, Bulgarian Empire (later) Muslim Arabs (Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates) The Byzantine-Arab Wars was a long drawn-out war between the Byzantine Empire and the emerging Arab Empire. ... Combatants Muslim Arabs Eastern Roman Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Zayd ibn Harithah † Jafar ibn Abu Talib † Abdullah ibn Rawahah † Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Theodorus Shurahbil ibn Amr al-Ghassani Strength 3,000 (Ibn Qayyim)[4][5] 3,000 (Ibn Hajar)[6][5] 100,000 according to Muslim sources... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Persian Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Yazdgerd III Strength 15,000[1] 100,000[2] Casualties Low 50,000[2] The Battle of Firaz was the last battle of the Muslim Arab commander Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah... This battle took place between byzantine army and Khalid ibn al-Walids army near the city of hazir. ... Combatants Muslims Byzantine Empire Christian Arabs. ... Combatants Muslims Byzantine Empire Christian Arabs Commanders Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Khalid ibn al-Walid Unknown Strength 17,000 40,000-50,000 Casualties Unknown but few hundreds. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ) are an ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... Age of the Caliphs The initial Muslim conquests (632-732) began after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and were marked by a century of rapid Arab expansion beyond the Arabian peninsula under the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs, ending with the Battle of Tours— resulting in a vast Muslim... The Arabian Peninsula Emirets towers in United Arab Emirates; the eastern part of Arabian Penisula The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية, or جزيرة العرب) is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia consisting mainly of desert. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Map of the British Mandate of Palestine. ... Mesopotamia refers to the region now occupied by modern Iraq, eastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and Southwest Iran. ... Khālid ibn al-WalÄ«d (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ...

The Battle of Yarmouk took place only four years after Muhammad died in 632. It was conducted under the auspices of his successor, the second Caliph, Umar, who sought to bring all Arabs under Muslim control. For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... Events Abu Bakr becomes first caliph or Successor of the Prophet, leader of Islam Abu Bakr defeats Mosailima in the Battle of Akraba. ... For main article see: Caliphate Khalif is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, or global Islamic nation. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ) are an ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ...

Background

Damascus had once been a stronghold of the Byzantine Empire. In 633 Muslim armies invaded Syria, and, after raids and skirmishing, captured Damascus in 635. From there, the Muslims continued their conquest across the Levant. Soon after the conquest of Damascus, the Muslims decisively defeated the Byzantine armies at the Battle of Ajnadayn, the Battle of Fahl and Battle of Yarmouk. Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Events Oswald of Bernicia becomes Bretwalda. ... Damascus ( transliteration: , also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ... The Levant The Levant (IPA: /ləvænt/) is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern Arabian Desert and Upper Mesopotamia to the east. ... The Byzantine Army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine Navy. ... Combatants Eastern Roman Empire Muslim Arabs Commanders Wardan, Governor of Emesa, Qubuqlar, Theodoros Khalid ibn al-Walid, Shurahbil, Yazid Ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr Ibn al-As, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Strength About 25,000[1] 50,000[2] Casualties 20,000 in two days of battle and while fleeing... Combatants Muslim Arabs Roman Empire Commanders Khalid ibn al-Walid Heraclius Saqalar Strength 30,000 80,000 Casualties Unknown 10,000 The Battle of Fahl was a Byzantine-Arab battle fought between the Muslim Arabs under Khalid ibn al-Walid (The Sword of Allah) and the Roman Empire under Heraclius...

After previous incursions from Arab armies, Heraclius decided to organize an army in Syria to check a possible Arab invasion. Preparations started in late 635, and by May 636 a force was put under arms and was concentrated at Antioch and northern Syria. The size of these forces was stated as 100,000 to 200,000 in most Muslim accounts of the battle, but several modern estimates suggest that the real number of troops was in the lower end of that range. See, for example, ^[11] who reckon the count at 100,000 ^[12][13] 80,000,^[2] 50,000,^[14] or even 20,000.^[15] The assembled army consisted of contingents of Romans, Greeks, Russians, Slavs, Franks, Georgians, Armenians and Christian Arabs,^[16] contributing to internal conflicts. Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... Antioch on the Orontes (Greek: Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη, Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου or Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη; Latin: Antiochia ad Orontem, also Antiochia dei Siri), the Great Antioch or Syrian Antioch was an ancient city located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 30 km from the sea and its port, Seleucia Pieria. ... {{Otheruses4|north the direction}} [[Image:CompassRose16_N.png|thumb|250px|right|[[Compass rose]] with north highlighted and at top]] {{wiktionary}} <nowiki>North is o<nowiki>ne of the [[4 (numbe</nowiki> Block quote r)|four]] cardinal directions, specifically the direction that, in Western culture, is treated as the primary direction: north... The Roman army is the set of land-based military forces employed by the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later Roman Empire as part of the Roman military. ... Distribution of Slavic people by language The Slavic peoples are a linguistic and ethnic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly in Europe, where they constitute roughly a third of the population. ... This article is about the Frankish people and society. ... language|Arabic]]:الغساسنة) were [[Arab Christian|Arab it is assumed that the Ghassanids adopted the religion of Christianity from the native Aramaeans and Romans. ...

This force was organized into five armies. The commanders of these armies were: Mahan,^[17] King of Armenia who commanded a purely Armenian army; Qanateer, a Russian prince commanded all the Russians and Slavs; Jabla bin AI Eiham, King of the Ghassanid Arabs, commanded an exclusively Christian Arab force. The remaining contingents (all European) were placed under Gregory and Dairjan.^[18] Mahan was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the entire Imperial army. The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... language|Arabic]]:الغساسنة) were [[Arab Christian|Arab it is assumed that the Ghassanids adopted the religion of Christianity from the native Aramaeans and Romans. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... Christian Arabs are found mainly in Lebanon, with significant other populations in Iraq (e. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

At this time the Muslims were split in four groups: Amr bin Al Aas in Palestine, Shurahbil in Jordan, Yazeed at Caesarea, and Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah along with Khalid ibn al-Walid at Emesa. This situation was fully exploited by Heraclius in plan to attack and destroy each of the Muslim’s corps separately putting a large concentration of army against them in the battle field. Reinforcement was sent to Caesarea under Heraclius’s son Constantine, probably to tie down Yazeed’s forces there so that it would not move to join other Muslim’s corps to help them. The rest of the Imperial Army was to operate on the following plan:
The Holy Land or Palestine Showing not only the Old Kingdoms of Judea and Israel but also the 12 Tribes Distinctly, and Confirming Even the Diversity of the Locations of their Ancient Positions and Doing So as the Holy Scriptures Indicate, a geographic map from the studio of Tobiae Conradi... Caesarea is the name of several Roman cities and towns, including: Caesarea Antiochia, properly Antioch in Pisidia, near modern Yalvaç, Turkey Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, modern Kayseri, Turkey Caesarea Palaestina: modern Caesarea, in Israel Caesarea Philippi in the Golan Heights Iol Caesarea: modern Cherchell, in Algeria Caesarea Magna or Caesara... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... Khālid ibn al-Walīd (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ... Emesa was an ancient city on the Orontes River in Syria. ... Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Caesarea is the name of several Roman cities and towns, including: Caesarea Antiochia, properly Antioch in Pisidia, near modern Yalvaç, Turkey Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, modern Kayseri, Turkey Caesarea Palaestina: modern Caesarea, in Israel Caesarea Philippi in the Golan Heights Iol Caesarea: modern Cherchell, in Algeria Caesarea Magna or Caesara... Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

• Qanateer would move along the coastal route up to Beirut, then approach Damascus from the west and cut off Abu Ubaidah.
  
• Jabla would march from Aleppo on the direct route to Emessa via Hama, and hold the Muslims frontally in the Emessa region. The Christian Arabs would be the first to contact the Muslim Arabs.
  
• Dairjan would move between the coast and the Aleppo road and approach Emessa from the west, thus striking the Muslims in their flank while they were held frontally by Jabla.
  
• Gregory would advance on Emessa from the north-east and attack the Muslims in their right flanks at the same time as they were struck by Dairjan.
  
• Mahan’s army would advance behind the Christian Arabs and act as a reserve.^[19]

The Imperial Army was launched from Antioch and Northern Syria some time in the middle of June 636 A.D. It was at Shaizar, through Roman prisoners, that the Muslims first came to know of the preparations being made by Heraclius. Khalid ibn al-Walid advised Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah to pull back from North and Central Syria, as well as from Palestine, and concentrate the whole army so that strong, united opposition could be put up against the Byzantine Forces, and in case of retreat the Arabian Desert will not be too far.^[20]. Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah ordered the commanders to give up the territory in their occupation and withdraw the army to Jabiya. he aHso ordered the commanders to return the Jizya (tribute) to the people who had paid it.^[21]. Antioch on the Orontes (Greek: Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη, Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου or Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη; Latin: Antiochia ad Orontem, also Antiochia dei Siri), the Great Antioch or Syrian Antioch was an ancient city located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 30 km from the sea and its port, Seleucia Pieria. ... {{Otheruses4|north the direction}} [[Image:CompassRose16_N.png|thumb|250px|right|[[Compass rose]] with north highlighted and at top]] {{wiktionary}} <nowiki>North is o<nowiki>ne of the [[4 (numbe</nowiki> Block quote r)|four]] cardinal directions, specifically the direction that, in Western culture, is treated as the primary direction: north... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with a length of 30 days. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... This article or section should include material from AD converters In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. ... Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... Khālid ibn al-Walīd (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... The Holy Land or Palestine Showing not only the Old Kingdoms of Judea and Israel but also the 12 Tribes Distinctly, and Confirming Even the Diversity of the Locations of their Ancient Positions and Doing So as the Holy Scriptures Indicate, a geographic map from the studio of Tobiae Conradi... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... In states ruled by Islamic law, jizya or jizyah (Arabic: جزْية; Ottoman Turkish cizye) is a per capita tax imposed on able bodied non-Muslim men of military age. ...

In the middle of July 636 A.D in a council of war Khalid bin Walid gave his plan to Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, the commander in chief of the Muslim’s army. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... This article or section should include material from AD converters In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. ... Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... AbÅ« Ubaidah Ä€mir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as AbÅ« Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ...

The Muslim’s army moved to wards yermuk plane during which there was a skirmish between Khalid‘s mobile guard and Byzantine cavalry. The Muslims established a line of camps in the eastern part of plain of yermuk. Here Abu Ubaidah was joined by the corps of Shurahbil, Amr ibn al-A'as and Yazeed. The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... ˤAmr ibn al-ˤĀs (Arabic: عمرو بن العاص) (born c. ...

A few days later the Byzantine army, proceeded by the lightly armed Christian Arabs of Jabla, moved up and established their camps just north of the Wadi-ur-Raqqad. The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Christian Arabs are found mainly in Lebanon, with significant other populations in Iraq (e. ...

Heraclius Instructed Mahan the commander in Chief of the imperial army not to start battle until all avenues of peaceful negotiation had been explored. Mahan sent Gregory to hold talks with Muslims if they would agree to retire to Arabia and not come back again but he failed, later Jabla was sent but no results came. Before the Battle, on Mahan’s invitation Khalid also went to hold talks but still no results.^[24] Caliph Umar sent the reinforcement of 6,000 mostly from Yemen. Some sources have the Muslim numbers at 40,000 warriors, but these numbers are used in combination with 150,000 troops for the Romans. Actual strength must have been much lower (~7,500-24,000), while some suggest inferiority of the Muslim army may not even be found in numbers but possibly in quality,^[25] though most scholars agree that the Muslim army was outnumbered by the Roman army. The army of the Caliph included 1,000 companions of Muhammad, and these in turn included 100 veterans of the Battle of Badr the first battle of Islam. The army included citizens of the highest rank, such as Zubair,^[26] Abu Sufyan, and his wife Hind bint Utbah.^[27] Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... For main article see: Caliphate Khalif is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, or global Islamic nation. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... In Islam, the SÌ£aḥābah (Arabic: ‎ companions) were the companions of Muhammad. ... Combatants Muslims of Medina Quraish of Mecca Commanders Muhammad Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib Ali Amr ibn Hishām (aka AbÅ« Jahl) Abu Sufyan Strength 305-350 <900-1000 Casualties 14 killed 50-70 killed 43-70 captured The Battle of Badr (Arabic: ‎), fought March 17, 624 CE (17 Ramadan... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Abu Sufyan ibn Harb was the leader of the Banu Abd Shams clan of the Quraish tribe, and was the chieftain of the entire Quraish tribe, making him one of, if not the most powerful men in Mecca during the lifetime of Muhammad. ... Wife of Abu Abu Sufiyan ibn Harb brother of (insert) that was killed in badr. ...

Armies

Modern estimates for the size of respective armies vary, between 15,000 - 100,000 for the Romans, and 7,500 - 25,000 for the Muslims, claiming exaggerations on both sides by older historians. These figures come from studying the logistical capabilities of the combatants, the sustainability of their respective bases of operations, and the overall manpower constraints affecting the Romans and Arabs. Most scholars, however, agree that the Muslim army was outnumbered by the Roman army.

Muslim sources place the number of Muslim troops to be between 24,000 and 40,000, though the latter was used in combination with 150,000 troops for the Romans. Most modern estimates for the Muslim army are between 7,500 to 25,000.

Roman army

Mahan deployed the Imperial Army forward of Allan. He used his four regular armies to form the line of battle which was 12 miles long, extending from the Yarmuk to south of the Hill of Jabiya. The right wing was commanded by Gregory and on his left the army of Qanateer. The centre was formed by the army of Dairjan and the Armenian army of Mahan-both under the command of Dairjan. The Roman regular Cavalry was distributed equally among the four armies, and each army deployed with its infantry holding the front and its cavalry held as a reserve in the rear. Ahead of the front line, across the entire 12-mile front, Mahan deployed the Christian Arab army of Jabla, which was all mounted-horse and camel.This army acted as a screen and Skirmish line, until they would be joined by the main army. The army of Gregory, which formed the right wing, used chains to link its foot soldiers.^[28]. All these foot soldiers had taken the oath of death. These chains were in 10-men lengths, and were used as a proof of unshakeable courage on the part of the men who thus displayed their willingness to die where they stood and not to retreat. The chains also acted as an insurance against a break-through by enemy cavalry. Imperial is a term that is used to describe something that relates to an Empire, Emperor, or the concept of Imperialism. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... See also the town of Battle, East Sussex, England Generally, a battle is an instance of combat between two or more parties wherein each group will seek to defeat the others. ...

Muslim army

During a council of war Khalid ibn Walid, conqueror of Iraq and a former commander in chief of the muslim's army at campaign of Syria,^[29] offered his services as a commander of muslim's army until the battle was over, and command of muslim's army was given to him that day. Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah was a respected man and was a fearless fighter, but his military prowess were not like that of legendary General Khalid ibn Walid.^[30]. Khalid after taking the command reorganized the army in to infantry and cavalry regiments, with cavalry making up a quarter of the army (10,000 cavalry out of the 40,000 figure). Khalid divided the army in to 36 infantry regiments and four cavalry regiments of which one in reserve. The army was lined over a front of 11 miles, with its left on Yarmouk River a mile before the ravine began and right on Jabiya road. The Center of the army was under the command of Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah (left half) and Shurhabeel bin Hassana (right half). The left wing was under the command of Yazeed and the right wing was under Amr ibn al-A'as command.Left and right wings were given the cavalry regiment under command which will be used as a reserve for counter attack incase they would be pushed back by the Byzantine army. Behind the center stood one cavalry regiment and stood a mobile guard under personal command of Khalid, at a time when Khalid would be busy in the conducts of the battle Zirrar ibn al-Azwar will be the commander of mobile guard.The commanders of the cavalry regiments were Qais bin Hubaira, Maisara bin Masruq and Amir bin Tufail. Each of the four corps had nine infantry regiments, which were all reformed on a tribal and clan basis, so that every man would fight next to well-known comrades, and corps pushed out a line of scouts to keep the Byzantine under observation.^[31] Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... The Yarmouk River (Arabic:Nahr Al-Yarmuk; Hebrew:נהר הירמוך, Nehar HaYarmukh; Greek:Hieromax) is one of the three main tributaries which enter the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea (the other being the Jabbok). ... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... ˤAmr ibn al-ˤĀs (Arabic: عمرو بن العاص) (born c. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Tribal refers to a culture or society based on tribes or clans. ... A clan is a group of people united by kinship and descent, which is defined by perceived descent from a common ancestor. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

In late July 636 AD, Mahan sent Jabla with his Christian Arabs forces to check the strength of the Muslim's front, before Jabla could reached with his army to the muslim's front Khalid with his mobile guard attacked and droved back the Jabla's corps..^[32].After this operation nothing happned for a month. At muslim's camp womens were instructed by Abu Ubaidah that they should safeguard them selves during the battle from the Byzantine forces and also to check the retreat of the muslims corps. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

Battlefield

Satellite image of the Ford

The battlefield lies about 40 miles from Golan heights disputed upland region on the border between Israel and Syria, northeast of the Sea of Galilee.^[33].
The battlefield which stretched between the two camps consisted of the Plain of Yarmouk which was enclosed on its western and southern sides by deep ravines, known as Wadi-ur-Raqqad with the banks about 1,000 feet deep,this ravine joins Yarmouk River on its southern side. On the south of the battle field lies the Yarmouk River with is a tributary of River Jordan, this stream have very steep banks from 300-1,000 feet deep.^[3].On the northern side of the battle field lies the Jabiya road and on the eastern side lies Azra hills, but these hills were out side the actual battlefield. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Golan Heights (Hebrew: Ramat HaGolan, Arabic: Habat al-ūlān) or Golan is a plateau on the border of Israel, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. ... the Yarmouk River , The Yarmouk River (Arabic:nahr al-yarmuk; Hebrew:נהר הירמוך, nehar hayarmukh; Greek:Hieromax) is one of the two main tributaries which enter the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea (the other being the Jabbok). ... The Yarmouk River (Arabic:Nahr Al-Yarmuk; Hebrew:נהר הירמוך, Nehar HaYarmukh; Greek:Hieromax) is one of the three main tributaries which enter the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea (the other being the Jabbok). ... The Yarmouk River (Arabic:Nahr Al-Yarmuk; Hebrew:נהר הירמוך, Nehar HaYarmukh; Greek:Hieromax) is one of the three main tributaries which enter the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea (the other being the Jabbok). ... This article is about the Jordan River in western Asia. ...

There was only one prominence in the battlefield a 300 feet high elevation known as hill of Jamu'a(gathering), because part of muslim's corps was concentrated over it as it gives a good view of the plane of Yermouk. In 636 A.D The ravine at the west of the battlefield was crossable at a few places but there was only one main crossing, at a ford, where the village of Kafir-ul-Ma stands today.^[3] Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... This article or section should include material from AD converters In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. ...

Battle

The battle begun in the third week of August 636. At dawn both armies lined up for the battle and were a little less than a mile apart. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ...

Arrangement of Muslim's (red) and Byzantine army (blue) at Yarmouk

A Byzantine general George emerged and called for Khalid. Khalid rode towards him delighted that the battle will start with a duel between him and a Roman, but he was surprised that the Roman was not willing to fight but he instead asked Khalid that why he is known as Sword of Allah? After a long and moving explanation given by Khalid to him, he accepted Islam and came with Khalid to the Muslim’s army. He died on the same day while fighting from the side of the Muslims. On the auspicious note of this conversion began the Battle of Yarmuk.^[3] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 560 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 700 pixel, file size: 52 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 560 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 700 pixel, file size: 52 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Swiss longsword, 15th or 16th century Look up Sword in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Allah is the Arabic language word for God. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

Day 1

Next came the phase of duels between champions of both sides, for it acted as a kind of warming up. Scores of officers rode out of the Muslim army, many champions from both side emerged some on instructions from commanders and others on their own, and throwing their individual challenges. From the Muslims side the honors of the day going to Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakr, son of late caliph Abu Bakr who killed five Byzantine officers.^[3] The dueling went on till midday, Mahan then decided to launch a general attack for the dueling affected mostly officers, which were necessary for the army's cohesion. At midday one-third of the infantry of each of the four corps of Byzantine, advanced to battle, they were subjected to intense archery, which caused some casualties and soon both sides were locked in combat. A champion refers to the sexy boy by the name of Joe Champion. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... For main article see: Caliphate Khalif is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, or global Islamic nation. ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic &#1575;&#1576;&#1608; &#1576;&#1603;&#1585; &#1575;&#1604;&#1589;&#1583;&#1610;&#1602;, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... An archer is someone who practices archery. ...

Day-1 Battle

The Roman assault was not a determined one, Mahan had attempt a limited offensive on a broad front to test the strength and strategy of the Muslim army, and if possible, achieve a breakthrough wherever the Muslim front was weak. Many of the soldiers of the Imperial army were unused to battle and were unable to press the attack as the Muslim’s veterans did. On some parts of the front the fighting was more violent than on others, but on the whole the action of this day could be described as steady and moderately hard.^[34] The Muslims held their own. The Romans did not reinforce their forward infantry, and at sunset the action ended with the two armies separating and returning to their respective camps. Casualties were light on this day, though higher among the Byzantines than the Muslims.^[3] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 400 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 500 pixel, file size: 39 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 400 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 500 pixel, file size: 39 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Imperial is a term that is used to describe something that relates to an Empire, Emperor, or the concept of Imperialism. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Former crewmembers of the battleship Missouri pose for photos shortly after the Anniversary of the End of World War II ceremony, held aboard the famous ship. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

Day 2

Mahan in a council of war decided to launch his attack at dawn, so that Muslims will be caught unprepared, he ordered the prepration of attack during the hours of darkness, his plan was to engage the two of his central armies with the Muslim's central armies to tie them down and the main thrust would be to the left and right wings, they would be either drove away from the battlefield or being pushed in to the center.To observe the battlefield Mahan had a large pavilion behind the right wing with a bodyguard of 2000 Armenians, he ordered the army to prepare for the surprise dawn attack.^[3]

Byzantines attacked soon after the dawn and Muslims were caught probably unprepared, but thanks to khalid who already had placed a strong outpost line in front during night which gave Muslims time for the preprations of the battle. The sun was not yet up on this second day of battle when the two armies clashed.^[3]At the center, Byzantines were not pressing hard as this was meant to be a limited attack to hold these Muslim central corps in their position.^[35]Thus the centre remained stable. On the right wing of the Byzantine army commanded by Qanateer having army of mainly Slavs attacked and forced Muslims to retreat, the infantry was retreated, after which Amr ibn al-A'as ordered his cavalry regiment to counter attack but they got stable afterwards. The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... ˤAmr ibn al-ˤĀs (Arabic: عمرو بن العاص) (born c. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ...

Byzantine attack

The situation on the Muslim’s left wing was only a little less serious. Here too the Byzantines broke through the corps of Yazeed. This was the army of Gregory, with chains, more slow-moving than the others but also more solid. Yazeed too used his cavalry regiment to counter attack and it too was repulsed; and after a period of stiff resistance the warriors of Yazeed fell back to their camp but got stable afterwards. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 444 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 555 pixel, file size: 43 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 444 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 555 pixel, file size: 43 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ...

Mahan was getting success according to his plan.It was now about midday, when Khalid finally decided to launch his cavalry reserve to assist the wings in there counter attack to re-establishment of the Muslim's wings positions. French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

Muslim's counterattack Phase-1

He first turned to the right wing and with his Mobile Guard and one cavalry regiment struck at the flank of the army of Qanateer at the same time as Amr counter-attacked again from the front. Very soon the Romans attacked from two sides, turned and beat a hasty retreat to their original position. Amr regained all the ground that he had lost and reorganized his corps for the next round. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 416 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 520 pixel, file size: 44 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 416 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 520 pixel, file size: 44 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ...

Muslim's counterattack Phase-2

As soon as this position was restored, Khalid turned to the left wing. By now Yazeed had begun a major counter attack from the front to push the Romans back. Khalid detached one regiment under Zirrar ibn al-Azwar and ordered him to attack the front of the army of Deirjan(left half of the center) in order to create a diversion and threaten the withdrawal of the Roman right wing from its advanced position. With the rest of the army reserve he attacked the flank of Gregory. Here again the Romans withdrew under the counter-attacks from front and flank, but more slowly because with their chains the men could not move fast.^[36] While the Roman right was falling back, Zirrar ibn al-Azwar broke through the army of Deirjan and killed him. At sunset the central armies also broke contact and withdrew to their original positions and both fronts were restored along the lines occupied in the morning.^[3] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 433 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 541 pixel, file size: 44 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 433 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 541 pixel, file size: 44 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ...

Day 3

The battle on this day begins with the Byzantine attack on the corps of Amr ibn al-A'as and Sharhabeel bin Hasana selecting as the main point of attack the junction between Sharhabeel and Amr bin Al Aas. The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... ˤAmr ibn al-ˤĀs (Arabic: عمرو بن العاص) (born c. ...

Byzantine attack

The initial attacks were repulsed by the Muslims but soon the numerical advantage of the Byzantine army begin to tell and the right wing retreated to the camp followed by the retreat of the right half of the Muslim’s center under the command of Sharhabeel bin Hasana.^[37] But this day the retreat was not like that of the previous day, the corps reorganized some distance from the Muslim’s camp for a counter attack.^[38] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 432 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 540 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 432 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 540 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

Muslim's counterattack

Now Khalid launched his cavalry reserve against left the flank of Qanateer's corps (right half of Byzantine army's center). At the same time Amr's cavalry regiment maneuvered from the right and struck at right flank, while the infantry of Amr and Sharhabeel counter-attacked frontally. This time the combat was severe many Muslims and Byzantines fell in combat but by dusk the Byzantines were pushed back to their own position and the situation restored as at the beginning of the battle.^[39] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 393 pixel Image in higher resolution (1042 × 512 pixel, file size: 45 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 393 pixel Image in higher resolution (1042 × 512 pixel, file size: 45 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Flank is a word which might mean any of several different things: A flank is the side of either a horse or a military unit. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Flank is a word which might mean any of several different things: A flank is the side of either a horse or a military unit. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

Day 4

The fourth day was going to prove decisive, both the army Generals knew it, Mahan decided to follow the previous day's war plan, as muslim's right wing had suffered a lot so far. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

Byzantine attack

With this plan of battle, the two armies of Qanateer (right wing and right half of the central corps Armenians and slavs respectively) were set in motion against the corps of Amr and Sharhabeel. Amr was pushed back again, but not as far as on the previous day. Some distance behind its original position, the corps of Amr held the right wing mainly comprises the Slavs and intense fighting started there. In the sector of Sharhabeel, however, the Armenians broke through and pushed the Muslims back towards their camp. The Armenians were strongly supported by the Christian Arabs of Jabla, and this proved the most serious penetration of the Muslim front. Now Khalid bin Walid decided to entered this sector with his cavalry reserve. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 428 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 535 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 428 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 535 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ...

Khalid feared the attack on the broad front, in this case it would be unable for him to repulse the Byzantine attacks with his mobile guard, and he therefore ordered Abu Ubaidah and Yazeed to attack the Byzantine corps of there respective sides. The attack was to be just to tie down the Byzantine’s left half of the center and left wing.^[40]. The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

Muslim's counterattack

Khalid, strike against the Armenians on the right half of the central corps. He divided the army reserve into two equal groups of which he gave one to Qais bin Hubeira and kept the other with himself. Leading his own cavalry group, Khalid galloped round behind the corps of Sharhabeel and appeared against the northern flank of the Armenian. Now began a three-pronged counter attack against the Armenians and Christian Arabs. Khalid from the right Qais from the left and Sharhabeel from the front with his infantry. At last the Armenians retreated towards there own position. The operation against the Armenians lasted the whole afternoon. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 400 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 500 pixel, file size: 35 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 400 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 500 pixel, file size: 35 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to...

As the Armenians pulled back, the Slavs, denied the support of the Armenians on their flank, also retired. The positions of Sharhabeel and Amr were now restored. While the operation on the Mulims right was taken place, the same intense situation was there at there left, Khalid's reserve was committed at the right sector therefore left had to rely totally on there own. Khalid ordered the corps of Abu Ubaidah and Yazeed to attack the Byzantines from there fronts to tie them down, but soon they were pushed back by the intense Byzantine archery which caused heavy casualties on muslims many muslims lost there one eye on that day therefore the day is famous by the name Day of lost eyes.^[41] The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ...

The armies of Abu Ubaidah and Yazeed retreated except the regiment of Ikramah bin Abu-Jahal, who was at the left of Abu Ubaidah's corps, he called his men to take the oath of death and not to retreat and to go down fighting. Four hundred men immediately responded and attacked impeded the Byzantine army. The suicidal act of Ikrimah’s regiment provided a cover for the retreating Arabs, they reorganized themselves and attacked to regain their lost positions. All Four hundred of the dedicated men who had taken the oath of death were either killed or seriously wounded, but in the process killed many more than four hundred Byzantines. Ikrimah and his son, Amr, were mortally wounded.^[42].

By dusk the day's action was over. Both armies stood once again on their original lines. Ikrimah and his son Amr, one of the best friends of Khalid ibn Walid, died that evening due to the wounds they got in their stand against the Byzantines. It had been a terrible day on which the Byzantines came very near to victory. Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ...

Day 5

Early on the fifth day of battle the two armies again formed up on their lines. One man emerged from the Byzantine centre. This was an emissary of Mahan who brought a proposal for a truce for the next few days so that fresh negotiations could be held. Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah nearly accepted the proposal but was restrained by Khalid ibn al-Walid. On Khalid's insistence he sent the envoy back with a negative reply, adding:^[43] Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... Khālid ibn al-Walīd (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ...

The rest of the day passed uneventfully. Khalid knew that the Byzantines were no longer eager for battle. Khalid reorganized his troops. All the cavalry regiments were grouped together into one powerful mounted force with the Mobile Guard acting as its hard core. The total strength of this cavalry group was now about 8,000 mounted warriors,an effective corps for an offensive attack the next day. Khalid's intention with regard to the enemy cavalry was that he had determined to drive the Byzantine cavalry off the battlefield so that the infantry, which formed the bulk of the Byzantine army, would be left without cavalry support and thus be helpless when attacked from flank and rear.

Day 6

Muslim's army arrangement on Day-6

The sixth day of the battle started with a duel between the Byzantine left wing commander Gregory and Muslims commander of the central army Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah. It was the 4th week of August 636 A.D. Gregory, before the battle start, came out from the Byzantine center and called the muslims’ commander for a duel the aim of which was to weaken the Muslims morale, Abu Ubaidah rushed to him though it was suggested that Khalid should go for a duel. Abu Ubaidah killed him after a long fight and return back as he returned Khalid ibn al-Walid ordered a general attack along the entire Byzantine front. .^[44]. The Muslim centre and left wing engaged the Byzantine armies on their front but did not press the attack.^[45]. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 452 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 565 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 452 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 565 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... AbÅ« Ubaidah Ä€mir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as AbÅ« Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ... Events April 20 - Battle of Yarmuk - Byzantine Empire loses Syria to the Arabs The Arabs invade Persia Rothari marries queen Gundeparga, becomes king of the Lombards city of Basra Iraq founded by caliph Omar on a canal. ... This article or section should include material from AD converters In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. ...

Muslim's attack Phase-1

Khalid, according to his plan, galloped his cavalry and attacked the Byzantine left flank, he also dispatched a regiment to engage the Byzantine cavalry of the left wing. At the same time Amr attacked from the front. The left wing of the Byzantines, consisting mainly of Slavs, resisted against this double sided attack but, getting no support from their cavalry, they fell back into the left half of the centre -the Armenians. As Byzantine’s left wing retreated, Amr, with his corps of Muslims left wing, attacked the Byzantine left half of the center from the left flank. The Byzantine left centre was already in imbalance due to the retreating corps. At the same time Sharhabeel bin Hassana attacked from the front. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 453 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 566 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 453 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 566 pixel, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ...

Muslim's attack Phase-2

Khalid took his cavalry to join the dispatched regiment where the Byzantine cavalry of left wing was drove off from the battle field to wards north. While this maneuver was taking place at left, Mahan concentrated all his cavalry regiments behind the center to counterattack the Muslims advancing cavalry. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 449 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 561 pixel, file size: 32 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 449 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 561 pixel, file size: 32 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... French Republican Guard - May 8, 2005 celebrations Cavalry (from French cavalerie) were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat. ...

Muslim's attack Phase-3

Before Mahan could do so Khalid galloped his cavalry to attack the concentrating Byzantines cavalry, he attacked them from the front and at the flank. Muslims lightly armed horse men were superb for these fluid situations, as they were able to attack, disengage maneuver and strike again, soon the Byzantine [[cavalry broke the contact and leave the infantry to it’s fate and retreated north towards Damascus. This also included the mounted corps of Jabla. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 454 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 568 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 454 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 568 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Damascus ( transliteration: , also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ...

Muslim's attack Phase-4

As the Byzantine cavalry retreated, Khalid attacked the Armenian corps from the rear. Armenians were strong fighters and resisted but at last retreated due to three pronged attack of the muslims, Khalid’s cavalry from the rear Amr’s infantry from the left and Shurhabeel’s infantry from the front. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 438 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 548 pixel, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 438 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 548 pixel, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission...

Muslim's attack Phase-5

As Armenians retreated, the Byzantine army was in full retreat a part retreated in panic and a part retreated in good manner west towards Wadi-ur-Riqqad.^[46]. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 435 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 544 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 435 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 544 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission...

As the retreat begun Khalid took his cavalry towards north so that no army could escape from there, though before he could seal off all the gaps, thousands of Byzantine troops escaped from there and other simply headed their way towards the ford which was the only safe crossing from the ravine of Waddi-ur-Riqqad.

Retreat towards ravine

As the Byzantine troops reached there they found a cavalry regiment under Zirrar ibn al-Azwar blocking the way at the ford. Khalid a night before had sent 500 mounted troops towards that 500 meter wide ford to block the passage and this was the route Khalid ibn Walid wanted Byzantines to retreat. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 450 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 562 pixel, file size: 61 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 450 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 562 pixel, file size: 61 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

Now the Muslim infantry reached there from the east and cavalry under Khalid’s command reached from the north a regiment which was blocking the passage from the west. South lies the deep ravine of Yarmouk River, where Byzantine troops were starting to become surrounded.^[3] The Yarmouk River (Arabic:Nahr Al-Yarmuk; Hebrew:נהר הירמוך, Nehar HaYarmukh; Greek:Hieromax) is one of the three main tributaries which enter the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea (the other being the Jabbok). ...

The last phase

The final phase of the battle begun as the exhausted Byzantine corps were pushed back towards the ravine from the front and from the flanking side they were pushed towards the center so that imbalance could be created in the army. They were pushed together so much that they were unable to use their weapons freely and soon they retreated, attempting to find a way through the ravine, unsuccessfully. Some of the Byzantines fell into the ravine whilst the others fell fighting or were captured, effectively ending the battle. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 436 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 545 pixel, file size: 53 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 436 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 545 pixel, file size: 53 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) i draw this image my self for the article of Battle of Yermouk I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission...

Aftermath

Immediately after this operation was over Khalid ibn al-Walid with a regiment of his cavalry moved north to follow the retreated soldiers, he met them near Damascus and attacked them in which the Commander in Chief of the Imperial army Mahan was killed, from there Khalid entered Damascus where he was welcomed by the local residents, thus recaptured the city.^[3] When news of the disaster reached Heraclius at Antioch, it is said that he bade a last farewell to Syria, saying, Khālid ibn al-Walīd (592-642) (Arabic: خالد بن الوليد) also known as Sayf-Allah al-Maslul (the Drawn Sword of God or Sword of Allah), was one of the two famous Arab generals during the enormously successful Muslim conquests of the 7th Century. ... Damascus ( transliteration: , also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ... Heraclius and his sons Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. ... Antioch on the Orontes (Greek: Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη, Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου or Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη; Latin: Antiochia ad Orontem, also Antiochia dei Siri), the Great Antioch or Syrian Antioch was an ancient city located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 30 km from the sea and its port, Seleucia Pieria. ...

Byzantine Emperor Heraclius left Antioch for Constantinople. Heraclius began to concentrate his remaining forces on a defense of Egypt instead. Map of Constantinople. ...

References

Edward Gibbon (1737–1794). ... The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ... Edward Gibbon (1737–1794). ... Saint Theophanes the Confessor (about 758/760, Constantinople - March 17, 817 or 818, Samothrace) was an aristocratic but ascetic Byzantine monk and chronicler. ... language|Arabic]]:الغساسنة) were [[Arab Christian|Arab it is assumed that the Ghassanids adopted the religion of Christianity from the native Aramaeans and Romans. ... Edward Gibbon (1737–1794). ... Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al Biladuri. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... Ibn Ishaq (or ibn Ishaq), (d. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... al-Waqidi &#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;&#1602;&#1583;&#1610; (d. ... Ibn Khaldūn or Ibn Khaldoun (full name Arabic: , ) (May 27, 1332/732AH – March 19, 1406/808AH), was a famous Arab Muslim historian, historiographer, demographer, economist, philosopher and sociologist born in present-day Tunisia. ... Ibn Ishaq (or ibn Ishaq), (d. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al Biladuri. ... Ibn Khaldūn or Ibn Khaldoun (full name Arabic: , ) (May 27, 1332/732AH – March 19, 1406/808AH), was a famous Arab Muslim historian, historiographer, demographer, economist, philosopher and sociologist born in present-day Tunisia. ... al-Waqidi &#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;&#1602;&#1583;&#1610; (d. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... Ibn Ishaq (or ibn Ishaq), (d. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al Biladuri. ... al-Waqidi &#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;&#1602;&#1583;&#1610; (d. ... The headquarters of the Cambridge University Press, in Trumpington Street, Cambridge. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... Edward Gibbon (1737–1794). ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic &#1575;&#1576;&#1608; &#1576;&#1603;&#1585; &#1575;&#1604;&#1589;&#1583;&#1610;&#1602;, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ... Khalid bin Walid (AKA:Syaifullah/Sword of Allah);(584 - 642) was a Muslim Arab soldier and general. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Abū Ubaidah Āmir ibn Abdullāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ (Arabic: ابو عبيده عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح), more commonly known as Abū Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ, was one of the ten companions of Muhammad popularly known to have been promised Paradise by the Prophet himself. ...

Bibliography

Primary sources

• Ibn Ishaq, Sirah Rasul Allah, 750.
• Al-Waqidi, Maghazi Rasulillah, 8th century.
• Theophanes the Confessor, Chronographia, 810-815.
• Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, Kitab Futuh al-Buldan, 9th century.
• Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, History of the Prophets and Kings, 915.
• Ibn Khaldun, Muqaddimah, 1377.

Ibn Ishaq (or ibn Ishaq), (d. ... Sira redirects here. ... al-Waqidi &#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;&#1602;&#1583;&#1610; (d. ... Saint Theophanes the Confessor (about 758/760, Constantinople - March 17, 817 or 818, Samothrace) was an aristocratic but ascetic Byzantine monk and chronicler. ... Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al Biladuri. ... Kitab Futuh al-Buldan is a book by Persian historian Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri. ... Balamis 14th century Persian version of Universal History by al-Tabari Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari 838–923 (father of Jafar, named Muhammad, son of Jarir from the province of Tabaristan, Arabic الطبري), was an author from Persia, one of the earliest, most prominent and famous Persian... The History of the Prophets and Kings (Arabic: تاريخ الرسل والملوك Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk, popularly Tarikh al-Tabari) is a history by Persian author and historian Ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) from the Creation to AD 915, and is renowned for its detail and accuracy concerning Arab and Muslim... Ibn Khaldūn or Ibn Khaldoun (full name Arabic: , ) (May 27, 1332/732AH – March 19, 1406/808AH), was a famous Arab Muslim historian, historiographer, demographer, economist, philosopher and sociologist born in present-day Tunisia. ... The Muqaddimah, or the Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (Arabic: مقدّمة ابن خلدون), records an early Muslim view of universal history. Many modern thinkers view it as one of the first works of sociology. ...

Modern sources

• Akram, A. I. The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns, Nat. Publishing House. Rawalpindi, 1970. ISBN 0-71010-104-X. (See Eve of Yarmuk and Battle of Yarmuk.)
• Donner, Fred. The Early Islamic Conquests, Princeton, 1981.
• Elton, Hugh. Review of Kaegi, W. E., Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests. The Medieval Review. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Library, Scholarly Publishing Office, 1994.
• Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1776-1788.
• Gil, Moshe and Broido, Ethel. A History of Palestine, 634-1099, Cambridge University Press, 1997. ISBN 0521599849.
• Haldon, John. The Byzantine Wars, Tempus Publishing, 2001.
• Kaegi, Walter E. Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests, Cambridge, 1992.
• Kaegi, Walter E. Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium, Cambridge, 2003.
• Kennedy, Hugh N. The Byzantine And Early Islamic Near East, Ashgate Publishing, 2006. ISBN 0754659097.
• Nicolle, David. Yarmuk 636 A.D.: The Muslim Conquest of Syria, Osprey Campaign Series #31, Osprey Publishing, 1994.
• Treadgold, Warren. Byzantium and Its Army: 284-1081, Stanford, 1995.
• Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, 1997.
• Khalid ibn al-Walid, Encyclopædia Britannica (2007).

For the railroad company, see Ann Arbor Railroad. ... The Hatcher Graduate Library from the North side The Shapiro Library (The UGLi) The University of Michigan University Library in Ann Arbor, is one of the largest university library systems in the United States. ... Edward Gibbon (1737–1794). ... // The History of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, a major literary achievement of the 18th century published in six volumes, was written by the celebrated English historian Edward Gibbon. ... The headquarters of the Cambridge University Press, in Trumpington Street, Cambridge. ... The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ...

External links

• Battle of Yarmuk, 636