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Encyclopedia > Battle of Zeeland
Battle of Zeeland
Part of Battle of France
Date 10 May18 May 1940
Location The Dutch Province of Zeeland
Result German Victory
Belligerents
Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands
Flag of France France
Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain
Flag of Nazi GermanyNazi Germany
Commanders
Flag of the Netherlands Henri Winkelman
Flag of the Netherlands Rear-Admiral Van der Stad
Flag of France General Giraud
Flag of Nazi GermanyPaul Hausser
Flag of Nazi Germany Oskar von dem Hagen
Strength
10,000 Dutch
15,000 French
7,500
Casualties and losses
Dutch: 38 KIA
115~ Wounded
Remainder Captured or Escaped to Saftey
French: 229 KIA
700~ Wounded
3,000~ Captured
British:Unknown
97 KIA
300~ Wounded

The Battle of Zeeland was a minor and little-known struggle on the Western Front during the early stages of the German assault to conquer France and the Low Countries during World War II. Several Dutch and French attempted to hold off the German onslaught by making a determined defense of the Dutch province of Zeeland. The battle lasted eight days and was a disappointing defeat for the French and Dutch forces defending the province. Image File history File links Acap. ... Belligerents France United Kingdom Canada Czechoslovakia Poland Belgium Netherlands Luxembourg Germany Italy Commanders Maurice Gamelin, Maxime Weygand Lord Gort (British Expeditionary Force) Leopold III H.G. Winkelman WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw Sikorski Gerd von Rundstedt (Army Group A) Fedor von Bock (Army Group B) Wilhelm von Leeb (Army Group C) H... is the 130th day of the year (131st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 138th day of the year (139th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area  â€¢ Land  â€¢ Water   1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006)  â€¢ Total  â€¢ Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany_1933. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Henri Gerard Winkelman (August 17, 1876 - December 27, 1952) was born in Maastricht, Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany_1933. ... Paul Papa Hausser (October 7, 1880 - December 21, 1972) was an officer in the German Army, achieving the high rank of Lieutenant General in the inter-war Reichswehr, after retirement from regular Army he became the father (thus the nickname “Papa”) of the Waffen-SS and one of its most... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany_1933. ... Combatants  United Kingdom  United States Poland  France Canada Free France  Netherlands  Belgium Germany Italy Commanders Winston Churchill, Trafford Leigh-Mallory, Harold Alexander, Bertram Ramsay, Bernard Montgomery, Lord Gort, Trafford Leigh-Mallory, Franklin Roosevelt,, George Marshall, Dwight Eisenhower, Omar Bradley, Jacob Devers, WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw Anders, WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw Sikorski, Stanis... Combatants Kingdom of the Netherlands Germany Commanders Henry G. Winkelman, Jan Joseph Godfried baron van Voorst tot Voorst Fedor von Bock (Army Group B) Strength 9 divisions, 676 guns, 1 tank (inoperational), 124 aircraft Total: 350,000 men 22 divisions, 1,378 guns, 759 tanks, 1150 aircraft Total: 750,000... This article is about a Second World War battle in 1940, for the 1658 battle of the same name see Battle of the Dunes (1658) Combatants United Kingdom France Belgium Germany Commanders Lord Gort General Weygand Gerd von Rundstedt (Army Group A) Ewald von Kleist (Panzergruppe von Kleist) Strength approx. ... Combatants  Canada  United Kingdom  United States  Germany Commanders Louis Mountbatten J. H. Roberts Gerd von Rundstedt Strength 6,086 1,500 Casualties Canada: 950 dead, 2,340 captured or wounded; United Kingdom: 600; United States:4+; 311 dead, 280 wounded The Dieppe Raid, also known as The Battle of Dieppe... This article is about the first few weeks of the Invasion of Normandy (D-Day). ... Combatants United States1 United Kingdom2 Free France3 Germany Commanders Lt. ... American soldiers cross the Siegfried Line The drive to the Siegfried Line was one of the final Allied phases in World War II of the Western European Campaign. ... Belligerents Poland United Kingdom United States Germany Commanders Field Marshal Montgomery Lieutenant-General Dempsey Lieutenant-General Horrocks Major-General Urquhart Major General Taylor Brigadier General Gavin Walter Model Wilhelm Bittrich Kurt Student Strength 35,000 (airborne only) 20,000 Casualties and losses Poland: 1st Polish Brigade: 378 Casualties[1] United... The Battle of Overloon (Code named Operation Aintree) took place between September 30th and October 18th 1944. ... Combatants Canada United Kingdom Poland Belgium Norway Germany Commanders Guy Simonds (acting) (First Canadian Army) Gustav-Adolf von Zangen (German 15th Army) Strength  ?  ? Casualties 12,873 total; including 6,367 Canadian  ? The Battle of the Scheldt was a series of military operations which took place in northern Belgium and south... Combatants United States Germany Commanders Courtney Hodges Walter Model Strength 120,000 80,000 Casualties 33,000 casualties 12,000—16,000 deaths[1] (est. ... Combatants United States Germany Commanders William Simpson Gerhard Wilck Strength 100,000 soldiers 12,000 soldiers Casualties 2,000 dead, 3,000 wounded 5,000 dead or wounded, 5,600 captured The Battle of Aachen was a battle in Aachen, Germany, that took place in October 1944 in World War... For the 1965 film, see Battle of the Bulge (film). ... Located near Alsace in Eastern France, the Colmar Pocket was the site of a ten-day battle during the Second World War that saw four divisions of the French Army and an entire Corps from the U.S. Army overwhelm German resistance. ... Operation Nordwind (North Wind) was an attack conducted by the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS during January 1945 in Alsace and Lorraine. ... wtrwretqwt ... During the Battle for Berlin, the Red Flag was raised over the Reichstag, May 1945. ... Western Front was a term used during the First and Second World Wars to describe the contested armed frontier between lands controlled by Germany to the East and the Allies to the West. ... For information about the confusion between the Low Countries and the Netherlands, see Netherlands (terminology). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area  â€¢ Land  â€¢ Water   1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006)  â€¢ Total  â€¢ Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ...

Contents

Defenses and troops in the province

The province of Zeeland had received little attention from the Dutch government regarding defensive barriers and a garrison prior to the German invasion of the West in May 1940. On May 10 the Germans launched the Invasion of the Netherlands. Many civilians feared the collapse of the Dutch Army. In an attempt to raise morale amongst the Allies and to stem the tide of the German onslaught, several Dutch battalions (most notably the 14th Border Infantry Battalion) successfully attempted to rapidly construct defensive lines to make a defense of the province. The first defensive line, the Bathline (named after the nearby medieval fortress of Bath), was little more than a tank barrier, slightly reinforced with a dozen concrete casemates [1]. The second, and more defensible line, was the Zanddijkline, approximately 15 kilometers west of the Bathline. This position was actually two lines (a frotline and a stopline) defended by just two infantry battalions (the 3rd Battalion of the 38th Regiment Infantry and the 1st Battalion of the 40th Regiment Infantry), supported by limited and obsolete AAA guns and several mortars and light field artillery [2]. Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area  â€¢ Land  â€¢ Water   1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006)  â€¢ Total  â€¢ Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ... For other uses, see May (disambiguation). ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Bath is a village and a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland. ... A Casemate is a heavy duty structure originally a valuted chamber in a fortress. ... American troops man an anti-aircraft gun near the Algerian coastline in 1943 Anti-aircraft, or air defense, is any method of combating military aircraft from the ground. ... US soldier loading a M224 60-mm mortar. ...

The province of Zeeland
The province of Zeeland

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

May 10, 1940: The First Day

On the first day of the battle, neither sides' land troops engaged one another as the Germans were awaiting reinforcements from other sectors of their occupied territory and the Dutch were improving their defenses and waiting for the arrival of a contingent of French troops to arrive. The only action that occurred was the repeated strafings by German planes on the Dutch positions.


May 11, 1940: The second day

Early in the morning on May 11, the first companies of the French detachment began to arrive. The French force consisted of the five infantry regiments (loosely compiled into the 68th Infantry Division) and three Reconnaissance Groups (the 59th, 60th, and 68th) [3]. is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The 68th Infantry Division was a French Army formation during World War II. During the Battle of France in May 1940, the division contained the following units: 224th Infantry Regiment 225th Infantry Regiment 341st Infantry Regiment 59th Reconnaissance Battalion 89th Artillery Regiment 289th Artillery Regiment It was a Series B...


In the early afternoon of the 11th two French mail-boats (Rouen and Cote d'Argent) - escorted by French (FS Cyclone, FS Sirocco) and British destroyers (HMS Valentine, HMS Winchester) - arrived at Vlissingen. As they arrived they were attacked by German bombers, but the bombers were quickly driven away by AA guns. Later in the day another convoy arrived, and German fighters once again attacked, but were once again driven away although they had shot down one French fighter. Flushing (Dutch Vlissingen) is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the former island of Walcheren. ...


During the day, British Hurricanes had been seen over the province. They engaged the Lufftwaffe many times, shooting down 3 Germans Planes, and losing 6 of their own. German bombers dropped a series of bombs on the junction of the Bathline and the Kreekrakdam. Both the road and the railway were seriously damaged. Two of the army barracks were destroyed, and the local waterworks and telephone lines were temporarily disabled. The Dutch soldiers immediately repaired the damage.


Also during the day, the Dutch Army in the south, which was in retreat from the Germans after their defences at the Peel-Raamline had been broken, reestablished their defences in the area of Bergen op Zoom. Bergen op Zoom is a municipality and a city in the southern Netherlands. ...


May 12: The third day

Early in the morning of May 12, the port of Vlissingen was targeted again by the Germans. As before, the bombers operated in so called Kettes, formations of three bombers. Witnesses spoke of at least twenty bombers in many waves, and as such it is likely that at least two squadrons operated over Vlissingen during this raid, possibly even three. The Allied ships in the port immediately opened fire on the German aircraft, as French aircraft began to get into the air. Dutch and French AA guns opened fire quickly as well. No less than four ships were sunk by direct bomb hits. Much of the harbour-facilities and infrastructure was hit by bombs. Cranes, offloading systems, storage buildings and the office of the local ferry line were damaged or destroyed. Also the railway-station was hit several times. There was almost no house in the harbor quarter that had any windows left and torn off roof tiles were all over the place. Other houses and a church well away from the harbor were heavily damaged or destroyed entirely. During the raid 5 civilians lost their lives. is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...


The Dutch troops at the Bathline witnessed an ever growing flood of retreating Dutch soldiers that had once been the defending forces in the eastern part of Noord-Brabant. The French supreme command had meanwhile realized that the operation-plan for the 7th Army could not be executed as set forth in the instructions. The very prosperous German advance through Noord-Brabant prevented the French from the opportunity to form a firm and well prepared screen around Antwerp on Dutch soil. Moreover the Belgium first defence line along the Albert Canal had also given in under the pressure of two tank divisions and overwhelming air assaults. Soon the Belgian army would retreat to the Dyle-line. North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country, bordered by Belgium in the south, the Meuse River (Maas) in the north, Limburg in the east and Zeeland in the west. ...


May 13: The fourth day

In the southwest of the Netherlands the Germans had almost reached Zeeland. Although the Germans did not seem very eager in progressing westwards, the French forces around Breda and further west would be confronted with some German reconnaissance parties.


In the Bathline, which was the closest to Noord-Brabant, the fourth day of the war introduced the men to the rumbling sound of the ground war. Especially the German heavy artillery that would eventually reach Moerdijk caused the men of the Bathline to realize that their future opponents were closing in on their position. Frequent patrols were the result, and a rising tension in the lines. A squad of railway troops was given orders to destroy the railway that crossed the Bathline. These were the same men that had worked to repair this track after German bombs had destroyed it a few days before. Moerdijk is a municipality and a town in the southern Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant. ...


German fighters attacked Vlissingen AFB again. But an even bigger threat revealed itself. In the cause of the day panic broke out amongst the men when a rumour spread that German troops had reached the island and were heading for Vlissingen. People suddenly saw light signals from houses and secret marks were read from laundry that was waving of drying-lines. It wasn't until the evening that these rumours were more or less losing their effect.


On the 13th the Luftwaffe was less active over Zeeland. This was mainly caused by the fact that many squadrons were assigned to the fierce battle that was raging around the Island of Dordrecht. The bombers that had been active over Zeeland, were now raiding Dutch artillery and infantry positions at the south-front of Fortress Holland. Also direct support was given to the tanks of the 9th Tank Division that were engaged in combat on the Island of Dordrecht.


During this time the morale of the troops, paticulary the Dutch, had begun to drop. More and more Dutch troops were retreating from the East, and Queen Wilhelmina had fled to Britain(although she did it unwillingly). For other uses, see Wilhelmina (disambiguation). ...


May 14: The fifth day

At Bergen op Zoom units of the 12 were surrounded by two companies of a SS battalion. Meanwhile, at Woensdrecht, the French retreated, sealing the fate of their comrades at Bergen op Zoom. As the French retreated, they left behind many supplies and tanks. SS or ss or Ss may be: The Schutzstaffel, a Nazi paramilitary force Steamship (SS) (ship prefix) The United States Secret Service A submarine not powered by nuclear energy (SS) (United States Navy designator), see SSN A Soviet/Russian surface-to-surface missile, as listed by NATO reporting name Shortstop...


A Dutch force of about 200 men had taken control of the forest south of Bergen op Zoom, however they were forced to retreat when the French troops in the surrounding area were ordered to fall back. During this time, the French launched a counter-attack at Huijbergen. Although the French had armored cars and Hotchkiss tanks available, they lost five Panhard cars and 200 men POW's. The Germans pushed on, taking hundreds of French and Dutch prisoners.


The casemate occupations did not join the almost general retreat of the infantry in the trenches. They stayed in their concrete and steel posts and it was for their efforts that the Bathline did not fall immediately. When German patrols probed the line, they were met by fierce machinegun fire from the Dutch strongholds and this was enough to deny the SS men any further access to the line. During the evening the German artillery fire gradually decreased in intensity and eventually it stopped. With exception of a few sections in the central sector and the casemate-crews, the Baathline had been deserted.


May 15: The sixth day

In the late evening of the 14th the Germans prepared a battle-plan for the assault against the remaining occupied sections of the Bathline. They planned first to send in a negotiator. A message was dictated in which the Germans demanded immediate and unconditional surrender of the line, or else the Germans would unleash an unprecedented assault. However, the threat was more of an attempt to trick the defenders, since the Germans did not have the materials to launch a massive assault. During the night the Dutch had withdrawn from the line.


Early in the morning the SS men of Regiment Deutschland cautiously approached the accesses of the Bathline, and when they indeed found the trenches and fox holes empty, hurried their way through. A few Dutch defenders - who had not become aware of the retreat - were taken prisoner.


The Zanddijkline was the main defence line of the capital islands of Zeeland. The line was formed by two lines of defence: the frontline and the stopline. Three casemates at the sluice-complex at the south, and two casemates at each side of the railway-bed were the only concrete reinforcements. The balance of the line was formed by earth and timber reinforced constructions and dug out trenches. Some minor mine-fields had been prepared at certain strategic locations along the approaches.


The Germans soon began their assault on the Zanddijkline. As they approached they were quickly attacked by Dutch Machine Gun fire. Upon this sudden threat the men dove down the slope and landed right into the mine-fields that had been prepared just days before. Numerous detonations killed about 16 SS men.


Pioneers were called forward and under cover of German machineguns they cleared the area of mines. After this hold-up, the signal for the assault was given again. About four German batteries started pounding the Dutch line, especially around both sides of the Tholseindsedijk.


The Germans once again attacked the line, this time with Air Support. Since the Dutch and naval artillery continued shelling their perimeter the Germans stayed with their noses to the ground until the artillery gradually decreased its fire. It was exactly the time needed for the Dutch to evacuate the troops in the northern sector and cross the northern bridge over the canal Postbrug.


The only section of the Zanddijkline that was not evacuated right away was the southern part. Here the remaining battalion was spared from the Luftwaffe bombers, and so the troops could be held under control. However, within a few hours they were forced to retreat as well.


Tholen

The Island of Tholen was a naturally broken off piece of land of the Noord-Brabant territory, isolated from the main-land by the Eendracht, a muddy and shallow natural waterway. The main city on the Island Tholen was the small town Tholen, which also harboured the only main-land connection with Noord-Brabant. The entire occupation of the island - a little more than two companies - was concentrated along the Eendracht. Tholen ( (help· info)) is a municipality and a city in the southwest of the Netherlands. ... Satellite image of the Scheldt delta, showing the Eendracht (j) and the Krabbenkreek estuary (l). ...


During the day, a small patrol of German soldiers approached, but were quickly driven off by Dutch Machine-Gune fire. After this event, a German negotiater came out and demmanded the surrender of the island; the Dutch Commander refused. Soon after, German field-artillery and mortars opened fire onto the defenders. Beside a direct hit on a gas storage tank, not much damage was suffered from the infantry guns of the Germans. Then the German infantry began to advance The Dutch let them approach until they were close to the road-barrier. Then mortars and machineguns open-end fire. It had a devastating effect on the attackers. Many were killed or wounded, and men jumped into the water of the inundations to escape the fire. The Germans gradually crawled back. German reports spoke of 20 men KIA. The defenders had lost two men KIA.


During the night, knowing that they could not hold their positions much longer, evacuated deeper into the island. Also, at 9:00 pm on May 15, the Dutch surrendered in every province except Zeeland. is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...


May 16: The seventh day

The SS units had halted at the canal through Zuid-Beveland after they had crossed the two defence-lines on the 15th. During the night, German Soldiers on rafts crossed the canal. The two French battalions that defended the canal - no more than about 1,250 men - had to defend a front of 9 km. The canal had a width of about 50-90 metres, and as such it formed a considerable barrier for any attacker. Since all bridges had been blown up, an assault had to be executed by making use of rafts or boats. The Scheldt delta, including Zuid-Beveland (2) Zuid-Beveland is a part of the province of Zeeland in the Netherlands north of the Westerschelde and south of the Oosterschelde. ...


The Luftwaffe continued to be very much present, and this alone had considerable numbers of French soldiers flee their positions along the canal too. The French defenders of the canal had requested fire-missions against the sectors where the Germans developed action. Since the French feared the lack of precision of their own artillery, many company commanders ordered their units few hundred meters back from their positions along the canal.


Soon after, the entire French occupation of the canal defence in the northern sector gave way. A wild run to safety was the result. At one location close to the Postbrug a squad of colonial French soldiers continued to spray the canal with lead, but quickly a storm-troop was organised an also this position gave in. Meanwhile the Germans had managed to repair the most northern river crossing. Some light armoured cars and motorbikes were able to cross this point and these units soon chased after the fleeing French. These motorized units would reach the Sloedam early in the evening, but avoided contact.


The majority of Dutch units around Goes had managed to cross the Sloedam or had taken the ferry to Noord-Beveland before the evening fell, but many French units had been cut off. The Luftwaffe harassed every single person that endeavoured to cross the Sloedam. Allied fighters were totally absent Goes is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands, in Zuid-Beveland. ... Noord-Beveland is a municipality in the southwestern Netherlands and a former island, now part of the Walcheren-Zuid-Beveland-Noord-Beveland peninsula. ...


Tholen

In the moring, the Germans once again sent a negotiater to try to convince the Dutch to surrender. This was not an option and he was quickly sent away. Two hours later German Artillery opend up onto the Dutch positions. During this barrage the Dutch battalion commander contacted the TC in Middelburg and asked for instructions. Van der Stad complimented him with the resistance shown the previous day and stated that the troops were allowed to evacuate the island and reinforce the island Schouwen-Duivenland. The Dutch retreated but were forced to leave their artillery behined.


Later during the day, after their retreat, the island of Schouwen-Duivenland was attacked. The commander, as soon as they were attacked, gave orders to retreat leaving the entire coastline open to the Germans.


May 17: The eighth day

The Sloedam was a strategic point in Walcheren. On both sides of the dam some mud flats made it possible for light infantry to cross the Sloe, but that was tricky business, for some parts were very swampy and one could easily sink away and drown. Satellite image of the Scheldt estuary Walcheren is a former island in the province of Zeeland in the Netherlands at the mouth of the Scheldt estuary. ...


The French had considered sending over more troops to Walcheren, but they did not. The defence of the Sloedam was considered the last bit of useful defence. Should that position fall, a general retreat of the French troops would become imperative. In fact it was already being prepared. Since the objective of safeguarding Antwerp and the Scheld canal had already failed to be achieved, the battles that continued at Zuid-Beveland and Walcheren had only one objective: covering the north flank of the French forces north of Antwerp. For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ...


Early in the morning, the Germans opened fire with their medium and heavy howitzers, which were all positioned near Lewedorp. The French artillery of 89RA and the joint Allied navy units opened a dense artillery fire on these first German troops. The assault stalled immediately and for the first time in the Zeeland campaign the Germans backed-up, leaving a considerable number of killed and wounded behind. The Dutch offered their assisstince, but the French Commander declined the offer. The Germans then launched a massive assault onto the French defenses, and by the end of the day Walcheren lay open to the SS. Lewedorp () is a town in the Dutch province of Zeeland. ...


The Germans then turned on Vlissingen. They began to advance to the city, and did not meet any resistance until they were at the outskrits of the city. Many Dutch and French troops began to evacuate, however the French commander, General Deslaurens, gathered the remaining troops left and set up defensive positions. They were soon pushed back, and General Deslaurens, killed. He would be the only General to Die on Dutch soil during May of 1940. During the night the last pockets of resistance were cleared by the Germans. Here and there the remaining Dutch and French groups put up a brief fight, but before the next morning the last bit of resistance had faded away. The remaining troops on Walcheren, mostly Dutch, had surrendered.


Bombing of Middelburg

Middleburg, after the German bombing
Middleburg, after the German bombing

On the 17th the Germans opened a massive bombing raid on Middelburg, only to be surpassed by Rotterdam. Middelburg lost almost 600 buildings due to the bombs and the resulting fire. No less than 800 people lost their homes permanently. The Dutch press - one of the first official sources that were nazified - reported later that month and in early June about the devastation that had hit Middelburg. The massive fires in Middelburg would still expand until the evening of the 18th, when about 500 men, fire-fighters and professional volunteers, had managed to control the fire and prevent further expansion. The last of the fires was extinguished 40 days after the bombardment . Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 53. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Province Government  - Mayor Ivo Opstelten  - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1]  - Total 319 km² (123. ...


Surrender

In the late afternoon of the 17th it was clear that the Germans had occupied the whole of Zeeland, with exception of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen. When the battle around the Sloedam still raged on the first Dutch units in the west of Walcheren already started inquiries at the Dutch staff office whether capitulation was already feasible. When many local commanders failed to reach the staff - which was indeed hard to get hold off, not the least due to the ongoing bombardment of Middelburg - local capitulation initiatives soon developed. Satellite image of the Scheldt delta Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands on the left shore of the Scheldt river (here called Westerschelde), nr. ...


Van der Stad was time and again approached by his officers and the mayor of Middelburg with questions when the capitulation of Walcheren would be offered to the Germans. Van der Stad made it perfectly clear that this could never be the case as long as French troops were still engaged in combat with the Germans.


Late in the evening, a radio transmission was broadcasted that the Dutch forces in Walcheren and Zuid-Beveland would surrender. Half an hour later Lieutenant-Colonel Karel himself went to the road east of Middelburg along where German troops were heading southwards. He was transported to a hotel near Vlissingen, close by the sluices. Here he officially informed SS Standartenführer Steiner, commander of the SS Regiment, of the capitulation of the Dutch forces on Walcheren and Zuid-Beveland.


Noord-Beveland was officially not part of the armistice, but in the morning of the 18th a German officer was sent over under the banner of truth, and he brought the news of the Dutch surrender elsewhere. Upon this news the Dutch forces - isolated from all the rest - laid down arms too.


Aftermath

The Dutch Navy

Most of the Dutch Navy had evacuated by the 14th, however what had remained was either captured, or sailed to Britain. Many ships that sailed to Britain would later go to the Dutch East Indies. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...


Casualties

The Dutch had lost 38 men KIA, 5 of whom were officers. The Germans had lost 97 KIA and the French 229 KIA. French and British losses over Zeeland are unknown.


References

  1. ^ War over Holland - May 1940: the Dutch struggle
  2. ^ War over Holland - May 1940: the Dutch struggle
  3. ^ War over Holland - May 1940: the Dutch struggle

 

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