The Grand Timcheh of Qom's Bazaar.

Bazaar of Zanjan.

For other articles called Bazaar, see Bazaar (disambiguation).

A bazaar (Persian: بازار‎, Hindi: बज़ार) is a marketplace, often covered, typically found in areas of Persian, Indian, and some Islamic culture. The word derives from the Persian word bāzār, whose etymology goes back to the Pahlavi word baha-char (بهاچار) meaning "the place of prices". Image File history File links Image by Zereshk. ... Image File history File links Image by Zereshk. ... Qom is famous for the shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh, first built in the late 8th century. ... Image File history File links I am providing this to Wikipedia. ... Image File history File links I am providing this to Wikipedia. ... Zanjan Province ... Bazaar can refer to: Bazaar: a market, often covered, typically found in areas of Muslim culture. ... Persian, (local name: FārsÄ« or PārsÄ«), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Hindi (हिन्दी) is a language spoken mainly in North and Central India. ... A marketplace is the space, actual or metaphorical, in which a market operates. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( â–¶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Pahlavi is a term that refers: (1) to a script used in Iran derived from the Aramaic script, and (2) more broadly, to Middle Persian, the Middle Iranian language written in this script. ...

Modern History

An important political, economic, and social force in since at least the time of the Qajar dynasty, the bazaar has been in opposition with the political elite in Iran through much of the twentieth century. The Qajar dynasty was the ruling family of Persia from 1796 to 1925. ...

The Pahlavi dynasty viewed the bazaar as an impediment to the modern society that they wished to create and sought to enact policies that would erode the bazaar's importance. They were aware that the alliance of the mercantile and artisan forces in the bazaar with the Shia and Islamic fundamentalist clergy posed a serious threat to Imperial government, as occurred in 1890 and again during the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-07. The emergence of such an alliance in the period from 1923 to 1924 is believed by many scholars to have convinced Reza Shah not to establish a republic, as Ataturk had done in Turkey, but to establish a new dynasty based upon his family. The Pahlavi dynasty(سلسله پهلوی) of Iran began with the crowning of Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1925 and ended with the Iranian Revolution of 1979, and the subsequent collapse of the ancient tradition of Iranian monarchy. ... Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Islamism. ... Reza Shah the Great, also Reza Pahlavi (Persian: رضا پهلوی) (March 16, 1878 – July 26, 1944), styled His Imperial Majesty, was Shah of Persia from December 15, 1925 until 1935, at which time he requested that other countries address his nation by its native name, Iran, and Shah of Iran from 1935... Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881—November 10, 1938), Turkish soldier and statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. ...

Reza Shah recognised the potential power of the bazaar, and he was apparently determined to control it. As his secularisation programs had adversely affected the clergy, many of his economic reforms hurt the bazar.

His son also sought to control the influence of the bazar. As a consequence, the bazar remained a locus of opposition to both Pahlavis. During 1978, the bazar spearheaded the strikes that paralysed some sectors of the economy and provided support for the political actions of the Shia clergy. In essence, the feared alliance of the bazar and clergy had once again come to play a pivotal role in effecting political change in Iran.

The Islamic Republic has been much more solicitous of the bazar than was the Pahlavi dynasty. Several of the early economic programs implemented by the governments of the Republic have benefited the interests of the bazar; nevertheless, the complexities of managing an economy under the impact of a total war have also forced the central government to adopt economic policies that the bazar has opposed. An Islamic republic in its modern context has come to mean several things. ...

Generally, the modern government leaders have favoured varying degrees of state regulation over such economic issues as the pricing of basic commodities and foreign trade, while entrepreneurs, bazar merchants, and some prominent clergy have opposed such restrictions. These economic issues have been among the main reasons for the emergence of two contentious factions among the political elite in Iran.

Famous bazaars

Examples of great Iranian, Indian, and Pakistani bazaars include:

• Tehran's Grand Bazaar (Largest covered neighbourhood in the world)
• The Grand Bazaar, Istanbul
• Bazaar of Isfahan, Iran
• Bazaar of Tabriz, Iran
• Bazaar of Kashan, Iran
• Palika Bazaar, India
• Paharganj Bazaar, India
• Qissa Khawani Bazaar (market of story tellers) Peshawar, Pakistan
• Anarkali Bazaar Lahore, Pakistan

Words cognate to bazaar are used in many neighbouring regions (for instance the former Soviet Union and the former Yugoslavia) to mean an open market, whereas in more distant cultures the word connotes a near-Eastern style market. Tehrans 10 km long covered bazaar is an old and magnificent bazaar and still forms the heart of the bazaar activities in Iran. ... An entrance to the Grand Bazaar The Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı in Turkish) in Istanbul is one of the largest covered markets in the world with more than 58 streets and 4000 shops in it. ... The Bazaar of Isfahan is one of the oldest and largest bazaars of the Middle East. ... The Bazaar of Tabriz, located in Tabriz, Iran, is one of the oldest and largest bazaars in the Middle East. ... Exquisite light wells such as this can often be seen in various sections in the Kashan Bazaar. ... A typical scene at Palika Bazaar. ... Starting immediately to the west of New Delhi Railway Station, Paharganj (literally hilly neighbourhood) is an atmospheric area specialising in budget accommodation for backpackers and is, consequently the centre for low-end Western-oriented nightlife. ... Qissa Khawani Bazaar (Urdu: قصه خواني بازار ) (or Market of Story-tellers ) is famous bazaar of Peshawar, NWFP, Pakistan. ... Peshāwar (Pashto: پښور; Urdu:پشاور) literally means City on the Frontier in Persian and is known as Pai-khawar in Pashto. ... Anarkali (Persian: اناركلى ) is a bazaar (market) located on Mall Road in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... Lahore (Urdu: لاہور) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and the second most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the Gardens of the Mughals, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in South Slavic languages, Југославија (Serbian, Macedonian Cyrillic): Land of the South Slavs) describes three separate political entities that existed on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe during most of the 20th century. ...

See also

Look up Bazaar in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Suq, The commercial quarter identical to bazaar of an Arab city
• In Singapore and Malaysia, the word bazaar is used to denote wet markets
• Bazaaris, are the workers in a bazaar.

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary is a Wikimedia Foundation project intended to be a free wiki dictionary (hence: Wiktionary) (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ... The souq in Marrakech, Morocco A souk (سوق, also sook, souq, or suq) is a commercial quarter in an Arab city. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب) are a heterogenous ethnic group who are predominantly speakers of the Arabic language, mainly found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... A wet market is a market that sells live animals in an open environment. ...

External links

• Iran Chamber Society on Architecture of the Bazaar at Isfahan