NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bendahara

Bendahara is an administrative position within classical Malay kingdoms before the intervention of European powers during the 19th century. A bendahara was appointed by a sultan and was not a hereditary post. It was held by the Bendahara's familiy. Even then the Sultan has to consent to the election. Sultan (Arabic: Ø³Ù„Ø·Ø§Ù†) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ...

In modern times, it is typical to render the position as prime minister. Though a bendahara's duties are similar to that of a vizier's , the two terms are not interchangeable. One clear difference is the amount of power held by the two positions. In ancient times, the bendahara was typically the highest ranking official after the sultan but the sultan retained ultimate authority. The sultan was not answerable to the bendahara, or to anyone else for that matter. The sultan was not a ceremonial ruler like the Yang di-Pertuan Agong in contemporary Malaysia where the Prime Minister holds effective political power. A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... A Vizier (Arabic,ÙˆØ²ÙŠØ± - wazÄ«r) (sometimes also spelled Vazir, Vizir, Vasir, Wazir, Vesir, or Vezir - grammatical vowel changes are common in many oriental languages), literally burden-bearer or helper, is a term, originally Persian, for a high-ranking political (and sometimes religious) advisor or minister, often to a Muslim monarch... Flag of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a Malay title usually translated as Supreme Ruler or Paramount Ruler, is the official title of the constitutional head of state of the federation of Malaysia. ... The Prime Minister of Malaysia (in Malay Perdana Menteri) is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. ...

Though it is unclear when the title was first used, the Sultanate of Malacca had several influential bendaharas. The most famous is Tun Perak. Under Tun Perak's service which spanned several sultans, Malacca reached its height in the late 15th century. According to the Malay Annals and the Hikayat Hang Tuah, the bendahara secretly saved the life of Hang Tuah, a laksamana the sultan had ordered killed. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Tun Perak was the most famous prime minister of the Sultanate of Malacca, having served under 4 Sultans from 1456 to 1498. ... Sejarah Melayu or The Malay Annals is a historical literary Malay work that chronicles the establishment of the Malacca Sultanate and spans over 600 years of the history of the Malay Peninsula. ... Hikayat Hang Tuah is a Malay work of literature that tells the tale of the legendary Malay Muslim warrior Hang Tuah and his four warrior friends - Hang Jebat, Hang Kasturi, Hang Lekir and Hang Lekiu - who lived during the height of the Sultanate of Malacca in the 15th century. ... A bronze sculpture of Hang buah with Ta Melayu Hilang Di-Dunia written at the top. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

In 1612, Bendahara Tun Sri Lanang of the Sultanate of Johor was commissioned by Sultan Alauddin Riaayat Shah to compile Malay history and record it into a book. The book was later known as Sejarah Melayu, an important literary piece in Malay language history. In 1699, Bendahara Abdul Jalil became Sultan Abdul Jalil IV of Johor after the previous sultan, Mahmud Shah II was murdered on a Friday, leaving no heir behind. Tun Sri Lanang is the 17th century bendahara (an ancient Hindu-Malay title equivalent to prime minister) of the royal Court of Johor Sultanate. ... The Sultanate of Johor (or sometimes Johor-Riau) was founded by Malaccan Sultan Mahmud Shahs son, Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah in 1528. ... Sejarah Melayu or The Malay Annals is a historical literary Malay work that chronicles the establishment of the Malacca Sultanate and spans over 600 years of the history of the Malay Peninsula. ... The Malay language (Malay: Bahasa Melayu; Jawi script: Ø¨Ù‡Ø§Ø³ Ù…Ù„Ø§ÙŠÙˆ), is an Austronesian language spoken by the Malay people who reside in the Malay Peninsula, southern Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, central eastern Sumatra, the Riau islands, parts of the coast of Borneo and even in the Netherlands[1]. It is an official... H.H. Paduka Sri Sultan Mahmud Shah II ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim Shah, 10th Sultan of Johor, Pahang and Lingga(1685-3 September,1699) Born in 1675, he is the last in line of a dynasty of the Sultanate of Johor (founded by his grandfather Sultan Alauddin Riayat...

The current Terengganu sultanate was founded by Sultan Zainal Abidin I in 1708. He was the son of Tun Habib Abdul Majid, a 17th century bendahara of Johor. After the rule of Sultan Abdul Jalil IV, the Bendehara was awarded Pahang as his personal fief. Bendehara Tun Abbas and his descendents ruled Pahang continiously until Tun Mutahir, who was deposed in a civil war in 1863. Tun Mutahir is the last holder of this title. State motto: Islam Hadhari Terengganu Bestari State anthem: Terengganu State Anthem Capital (and royal capital) Kuala Terengganu Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin1 - Menteri Besar Idris Jusoh History - British control 1909 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 12,955 kmÂ² Population - 2005... State anthem: Pahang State Anthem Capital Kuantan Royal capital Pekan Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Ahmad Shah - Menteri Besar Adnan Yaakob History - Federated into FMS 1895 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 35,964 kmÂ² Population - 2005 estimate 1,372,500 - Density 38. ...

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