Benediktbeuern Abbey

Benediktbeuern Abbey (Kloster Benediktbeuern) is a monastery of the Salesians of Don Bosco, originally a monastery of the Benedictine Order, in Benediktbeuern in Bavaria, near the Kochelsee. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 161 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Kloster Benediktbeuern Photograph: Rufus46 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 161 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Kloster Benediktbeuern Photograph: Rufus46 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... St. ... The longest lasting of the western Catholic monastic orders, the Benedictine Order traces its origins to the adoption of the monastic life by St. ... Benediktbeuern is a community in the county Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen in Bavaria, Germany and is located at 47°42′N 11°25′E. The distance between Bichl and Benediktbeuern is only 2 kilometer (equal to 1. ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ...

First Benedictine foundation

The monastery, dedicated to Saints James and Benedict, was founded in around 739/740 as a Benedictine abbey by members of the Huosi, a Bavarian noble clan, who also provided the three brothers who served one after the other as the first three abbots, traditionally named as Lanfrid, Waldram (or Wulfram), and Eliland, for nearly a century. It seems certain that Saint Boniface had an involvement in the foundation. There was here a school of writing, whose work survives in the form of numerous codices of the 8th and 9th centuries. Saint James can refer to the following: Several men mentioned in the New Testament, whose various epithets and euphemisms cause some uncertainties: James, son of Zebedee, an apostle, brother of John the Apostle; also called Saint James the Great. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Events With king Kormishosh the reign of the House of Ukil starts in Bulgaria. ... Events October 26 - An earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death. ... For the Roman general of this name, see Bonifacius. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ...

In 955 however the monastery was destroyed by the Hungarians ^[1]. It was restored in 969 by Wolfold, a priest, as a house of canons. Events August 10 - Otto I the Great defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld Edwy becomes King of England. ... A canon (from the Latin canonicus and Greek κανωνικωσ relating to a rule) is a priest who is a member of certain bodies of the Christian clergy subject to a rule (canon). ...

Benediktbeuern Abbey

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 434 pixelsFull resolution (1354 × 735 pixel, file size: 730 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 434 pixelsFull resolution (1354 × 735 pixel, file size: 730 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Second Benedictine foundation

Under the influence of Emperor Henry III it was rebuilt by Saint Ulrich, Bishop of Augsburg, and in 1031 returned to the Benedictine rule and re-settled by monks from Tegernsee Abbey under the first abbot of the new foundation, Ellinger. Under the second abbot, Gothelm (1032–1062), and the monks Gotschalk and Adalbert the school and scriptorium were re-established. Gotschalk, later third abbot, was responsible for the translation of the relics of Saint Anastasia here in 1053, which by making the abbey a place of pilgrimage added substantially to its fame and prosperity; he was also its first historian ^[2]. Henry III, from a miniature of 1040. ... Saint Ulrich (Uodalric, Odalrici) of Augsburg was born in 890 (-973) at or near Augsburg and studied at the monastery of St. ... Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... Events Collapse of the Moorish Caliphate of Córdoba. ... The former Tegernsee Abbey and basilica Tegernsee Abbey or the Imperial Abbey of Tegernsee (Kloster Tegernsee, Abtei or Reichsabtei Tegernsee) is a former Benedictine monastery located on the shores of the Tegernsee (from the Old High German tegarin seo, meaning great lake) in the town and district of the same... For other uses, see Anastasia. ...

Benediktbeuern suffered four serious fires, in 1248, 1377, 1378, and 1490, but was prosperous enough to re-build each time.

The abbey enjoyed for centuries an extremely high reputation as a place of learning and research. Botanical research and the establishment of a medicinal herb garden in about 1200 are also evidenced. In about 1250 the library ^[3] covered the whole range of higher education as it then existed. The abbey also excelled at theological, philosophical and scientific studies. In the 1530s Dom Antonius Funda made considerable advances in the systematic writing of monastic history.

In 1611 many of the community died of the plague. During the Thirty Years' War the grammar school was suspended and in 1632 Dom Simon Speer was tortured and put to death by the Swedes for refusing to surrender the goods of the abbey. The school had reopened by 1689, when the study of languages, music, mathematics and botany was especially emphasised. Shortly before, between 1669 and 1679, the abbey was given its present Baroque form. In 1698 the school in the north wing was opened. The library complex dates from 1722. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens. ...

In 1684 the Bavarian Congregation of Benedictine monasteries was founded by Pope Innocent XI, to which Benediktbeuern belonged until its dissolution in 1803. The Bavarian Congregation is a congregation of the Benedictine Confederation consisting (with one exception) of monasteries in Bavaria, Germany. ... The Blessed Innocent XI, né Benedetto Odescalchi (May 16, 1611 – August 12, 1689) was pope from 1676 to 1689. ...

In 1700 the source-critical method of historiography was used for the first time in South Germany in exemplary fashion by Dom Karl Meichelbeck, the "Livy of Bavaria" (1669–1734), librarian and archivist from 1696 until his death. He was the author of the Historia Frisingensis ("History of the Diocese of Freising"), the Chronicon Benedictoburanum ("History of Benediktbeuern Abbey") and the "Annals of the Bavarian Congregation". A portrait of Titus Livius made long after his death. ...

Secularisation 1803

During the secularisation of Bavaria in 1803 the abbey, then comprising thirty-four monks, was dissolved. Some of the former monks took posts as university professors: for example, Ägidius Jais went to Salzburg as a pastoral theologian; Sebastian Mall to Landshut as an orientalist; and Florian Meilinger to Munich as a mathematician. // Background The German Mediatisation is a name applied to the series of mediatisations and secularisations which occurred in Germany during the Napoleonic Era (occurring 1795 - 1814AD). ...   is the fourth-largest city in Austria and the capital of the federal state of Salzburg. ... Landshut is a city in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany both belonging to Eastern and Southern Bavaria. ...

The library and archives had contained many priceless manuscripts and charters. Ziegelbauer printed a catalogue of the library, dated 1250, in which more than one hundred and fifty books and manuscripts are enumerated ^[4]. Mabillon, who visited the abbey in 1683, and Bernard Pez, librarian of Melk Abbey, who was there in 1717, both left on record their testimony as to the great value of the codices there preserved. At the suppression the library comprised 40,000 volumes. A number of these, and many of the codices, were added to what is now the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich and the remainder left to be dispersed over time by the neglect or indifference of subsequent owners. Magnoald Ziegelbauer (b. ... Jean Mabillon (November 23, 1632-December 27, 1707) was a Benedictine monk and scholar, considered the founder of palaeography and diplomatics. ... Stift Melk Courtyard of the Stift Melk Melk Abbey Melk Abbey or Stift Melk is an historic Austrian Benedictine abbey, and one of the worlds most famous monastic sites. ... The Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (right) on Ludwigstraße, Munich The Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (English: Bavarian State Library), located in Munich, is the central library of the German state of Bavaria and one of the largest libraries in the German-speaking world. ... Munich (German: , pronounced  ; Austro-Bavarian: Minga [2]) is the capital of the German Federal State of Bavaria. ...

In the course of the disposal of the library and archives, there came to light the manuscript of the Carmina Burana, a 13th century collection of songs by wandering scholars. The manuscript, also known as the Codex Buranus, is also now in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Carmina Burana (IPA: ; note that the stress is on the first syllable of Carmina, not the second) also known as the Burana Codex is a manuscript collection, now in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich, of over 1000 poems and songs written in the early 13th century. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ...

From secularisation to 1930

The abbey premises were acquired by Josef von Utzschneider, who in 1805 set up an experimental glassworks here, known as the Optical Institute. He was joined by Joseph von Fraunhofer, who was able here among other things to develop flawless or "waveless" flint glass and discover the Fraunhofer lines which have become of importance in the development of spectroscopic analysis. Joseph von Fraunhofer Joseph von Fraunhofer (March 6, 1787 – June 7, 1826) was a German physicist. ... Flint glass is an optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number. ... Solar Fraunhofer lines In physics and optics, the Fraunhofer lines are a set of spectral lines named for the German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787--1826). ... Spectroscopy is the study of spectra, ie. ...

In 1818 the Bavarian State took over the buildings, which from then on were used for military purposes, initially as a stud-farm for the rearing and training of cavalry horses, and thereafter as a barracks, invalid home, military convalescent home and prison.

In 1901 Freiherr von Kramer-Klett, the restorer of several Bavarian monasteries, offered five and one-half million marks for the property, but was met by a demand for twelve millions, which he refused.

In 1925 the former abbey brewery was closed.

From 1930

Since 1930 the buildings have been used by the Salesians, of whom about 45 now live and work here. The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, originally known as the Society of St. ...

The abbey church was declared a "basilica minor" in 1972. This is a list of Roman Catholic basilicas. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Notes

• ^  An alternative date of 973 is sometimes given.
• ^  Breviarium Gotschalki in the "Monumenta Germaniae Historica", IX, 221.
• ^  Ziegelbauer, (ed.), Historia rei literariae ordinis S. Benedicti, I, 543 (4 volumes, Augsburg 1754).

The Monumenta Germaniae Historica (frequently abbreviated MGH in bibliographies and lists of sources) is a comprehensive series of carefully edited and published sources for the study of German history (broadly conceived) from the end of the Roman Empire to 1500. ...

External links

• (German)Homepage of Kloster Benediktbeuern
• (German)Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule Benediktbeuern (PTH)
• (German) Benediktbeuern - Alles über das Klosterdorf
• (German)Klöster in Bayern
• (German) Picture of the abbey
• (German) Don Bosco website: abbey ceilngs
• History of the Monestary in English

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in 1913 by The Encyclopedia Press. ...

Coordinates: 47°42′27″N, 11°23′57″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...