Bengali theatre means theatres in which the dialogues are in the language Bengali. However, there are some Hindi theatres as well which are widely accepted by the Bengali people (e.g. the productions of Rangakarmee, a group whose productions are directed mainly by Usha Ganguly; the productions by Padatik, another group). Some persons may be willing to incorporate these theatres in the category of Bengali theatres. Bengali Theatres are produced mainly in West Bengal of India and in Bangladesh. Bengali people are spread world wide. Sometimes, they invite the Bengali theatres at their ceremonies; sometimes, they themselves produce amateur Bengali Theatres. Dialogue in fiction is a verbal exchange between two or more characters. ... Bengali or Bangla (IPA: ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit, Pāli and Sanskrit languages. ... Hindi ( , Devanagari: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the two central official languages of India, the other being English. ... , West Bengal (Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Poshchimbôŋgo) is a state in eastern India. ...

Bengali theatre by and large has its origins in British rule. It began as private entertainment in the early 19th century.^[1] However, in the pre-independence period (before 1947; especially in the late 19th century), Bengali theatres played a pivotal role in manifestation of dislike of the British Raj in India. Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anthem God Save The King The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (until 1912), New Delhi (after 1912) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy²  - 1858...

After the independence of India in 1947, leftist movements in West Bengal used theatre massively as a way of propaganda; this added some special characteristics in Bengali theatre, the hangover of which is still looming large, especially in the way of organization of the theatre groups, they are called Group theatres; most of these groups say that they carry an ideological inspiration behind their ensemble, this is how they differentiate themselves from commercial Bengali theatre, which is dead at present Soviet Propaganda Poster during World War II. The text reads Red Army Fighter, SAVE US! Chinese propaganda poster from the time of the Cultural Revolution. ...

Theatre is practised in West Bengal in a very wide scale. Almost every locality has a theatre group, although none of them is confined within the local characteristics. However, theatres in West Bengal can be divided in two streams - (a) Kolkata-based theatres and (b) Rural theatres. The Kolkata-based groups perform almost regularly in the popular stages in Kolkata and stay in focus. Comparatively, the rural theatre groups are less known although most of them work seriously throughout the year. What rest of the world understands as Bengali Theatre is actually the theatres presented by the Kolkata-based groups. In form and content, the two types of theatres have no major difference. But, in terms of both finance and expertise, the Kolkata-based theatres are more enriched. This is mainly due to the influx of expertise from rural areas to Kolkata in search of appreciation from a larger set of audience. , “Calcutta” redirects here. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Look up content in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Apart from the above two categories, there are some Bengali folk theatres. The language Bengali has many versions within West Bengal and Bangladesh. The standard Bengali language is said to be the language that is spoken in Kolkata. Thus, the Bengali folk theatres vary in language as well. Folk can refer to a number of different things: It can be short for folk music, or, for folksong, or, for folklore; it may be a word for a specific people, tribe, or nation, especially one of the Germanic peoples; it might even be a calque on the related German...

Some theatre groups work especially in the category of theatre for development, in promotion of consciousness and awareness about literacy, usage of latrines, usage of gas burners, AIDS etc. Theatre for Development, or TfD, means live performance, or theater used as a development tool -- as in international development. ... Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and ones environment. ... In biological psychology, awareness describes a human or animals perception and cognitive reaction to a condition or event. ... For other uses, see AIDS (disambiguation). ...

Bengali theatre, at present, is not run commercially by any group or company. A famous Bengali commercial theatre after independence has been "Nahabat". However, there is a particular category of Bengali theatre that is called "Jatra". This kind of Bengali theatre is run commercially mainly in the rural areas of West Bengal and Bangladesh. The most prominent characteristic of Jatra is over-acting with extreme use of traditional musical instruments. At present, Jatra has also been modernized to feature modern crisis through modern stories. But, the form has not changed significantly. Jatra is a very prospective scope of employment for those who can do it. Many popular Bengali film-artists participate in Jatra. Jatra (literally going or journey) a form of folk drama combining acting, songs, music, dance, characterised by stylised delivery and exaggerated gestures and orations. ...

Music in Bengali theatre

Insofar as it was a unique style of theatre around the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Bengali theatre had its own unique form of Bengali music.^[1] This form was pioneered by Girish Chandra Ghosh, who was largely responsible for its period of maturity; the era of Bengali theatre before him was mostly formative, and after his death Bengali theatre music became more experimental.^[1] During the era of Girish Chandra, all stageplays included some form of traditional Bengali music, and dancer-singers who would perform before and between the acts. Mythological plays would have Kiratnānga songs, epics would include indigenous styles such as khyāmtā, and comedies and farcical plays often included tappā songs by Nidhu Babu.^[1] The music of Bengal, otherwise referred to as Bangla music, comprises a long tradition of religious and secular song-writing over a period of almost a millennium. ... Girish Chandra Ghosh (1844-8 February 1912) was a famous Bengali musician, poet, playwright, novelist, and actor. ... Ramnidhi Gupta (Bengali: )(1741-1839), better known as Nidhu Babu, is one of the great reformers of Bengali tappā music. ...

Bengali theatre in Bangladesh

Bengali theatre also means theatres produced in the official language of the nation-state Bangladesh (became independent from Pakistan in 1971) along with the theatres produced in Bengali in West Bengal, India (West Bengal is at the west of Bangladesh border) - thus, it is supposed to carry the identity and culture of a particular area. The term nation-state, while often used interchangeably with the terms unitary state and independent state, refers properly to the parallel occurence of a state and a nation. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ...

Famous persons

• Dinabandhu Mitra
• Michael Madhusudan Dutta
• Rabindranath Tagore
• Sisir Bhaduri
• Girish Ghosh
• Utpal Dutt
• Ajitesh Bandyopadyay
• Badal Sarkar
• Arun Mukhopadhyay
• Bibhas Chakrabarty
• Rudraprasad Sengupta
• Sohag Sen
• Jochhan Dastidar
• Bratya Basu
• Suman Mukherjee
• Goutam Halder
• Swatilekha Sengupta
• Chandra Dastidar
• Usha Ganguly
• Joyraj Bhattacharya
• Azad Abul Kalam
• Manoj Mitra

Dinabandhu Mitra (Bengali: ) (1830-1873) the Bengali dramatist, was born in 1830 at Chouberia in Nadia, and was the son of Kalachand Mitra. ... Michael Madhusudan Dutt (Datta), (Bengali: ) (1824-1873), born Madhusudan Dutt, is a famous 19th century Bengali poet and dramatist. ... (Bengali: , IPA: ) (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), also known by the sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali poet, Brahmo Samaj philosopher, visual artist, playwright, novelist, and composer whose works reshaped Bengali literature and music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Badal Sarkar (1925 - ) is an Indian dramatist. ... Rudraprasad Sengupta Rudraprasad Sengupta (born January 31, 1936) is a famous Bengali Indian actor, director and cultural critic. ...

Modern theatre companies

• Chetana
• Tritiya Sutra Performance Company
• Nandikar
• Bahuroopi
• Samsriti
• Chupkatha
• Howrah Dakshinayan
• Theatre Formation Paribartak
• The Performers' Wing
• Unity Malancha
• Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA) and its branches
• Finix
• Sangbarta
• Kalyani Natyacharcha Kendra
• Ashani Natyam
• Rangakarmee
• Rangapat
• Aarshi
• Nandiranga
• Ekti Dal
• Nandipat
• Doubarik
• Charbak
• Swapnasandhani
• Aneek
• Pancham Vaidik
• Sandarva
• Padatik
• Tala Dhrupad
• Xavierian Theatrical Society

Nandikars logo designed by Satyajit Ray. ... Theatre Formation Paribartak is a group of theatre situated in the district of Howrah in West Bengal, India. ... Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA) was an association of theatre-artists and others based in Kolkata, India the goal of which was to bring cultural awakening among the people of India. ...

References

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External links

• Theatre Formation Paribartak

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