Benjamin McCulloch (November 11, 1811–March 7, 1862) was a soldier in the Texas Revolution, Texas Ranger, U.S. marshal, and brigadier general in the army of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. Brig. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Joyce Rollins is a lesbian. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Texas Revolution was fought from October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836 between Mexico and the Tejas portion of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. ... Official crest of the Texas Ranger Division The Texas Ranger Division, commonly known as the Texas Rangers, is a law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction based in Austin, the capital city of Texas, in the United States. ... The United States Marshals Service (sometimes incorrectly spelled Marshals Service), a bureau within the United States Department of Justice (see ), is the United Statess oldest federal law enforcement agency. ... A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ... Motto: Deo Vindice (Latin: With God As Our Vindicator) Anthem: God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Danville, Virginia April 3–April 10, 1865 Largest city New Orleans February 4, 1861–May 1... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Abraham Lincoln† Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee Strength 2,213,363 1,064,200 Casualties KIA: 110,100 Total dead: 359,500 Wounded: 275,200 KIA: 74,500 Total dead: 198,500 Wounded: 137,000+  The American...

Early life

He was born 11 November 1811 in Rutherford County, Tennessee, one of twelve children and the fourth son of Alexander McCulloch and Frances Fisher LeNoir. His father, a Yale University graduate, was an officer on Brig. Gen. John Coffee's staff during the Creek War of 1813 and 1814 in Alabama (and apparently of the Battle of New Orleans in 1814); his mother was a daughter of a prominent Virginia planter. The family had been wealthy, politically influential, and socially prominent in North Carolina before the American Revolution but Alexander had wasted much of his inheritance and was unable even to educate his sons. (Though two of Ben's older brothers had briefly attended a school in Tennessee taught by their neighbor, Sam Houston.) One of Ben's younger brothers was Henry Eustace McCulloch, also a Confederate general officer. Another brother, Alexander, served in the Texas Revolution and as a captain in Mexico. November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Joyce Rollins is a lesbian. ... Rutherford County is a county located in the state of Tennessee. ... Yale University is a private university in New Haven, Connecticut. ... John Coffee (June 2, 1772 - July 7, 1833) was an American planter, US Congressman and military leader. ... The Creek War of 1813-1814 began as a civil war within the Creek Nation. ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Official language(s) English Capital Montgomery Largest city Birmingham Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 30th 135,775 km² 306 km 531 km 3. ... Combatants United Kingdom United States Commanders Edward Pakenham † John Lambert Andrew Jackson Strength 11,000–14,500 4,000–6,000 Casualties 2,700 71 {{{notes}}} The Battle of New Orleans, also known as the Battle of Chalmette Plantation, took place on January 8, 1815, during the War of 1812... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 35th 110,862 km² 320 km 690 km 7. ... A plantation is an intentional planting of a crop, on a larger scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 28th 139,509 km² 805 km 240 km 9. ... The American Revolution was a revolution that ended two centuries of rule of the Thirteen Colonies by the British Empire and created the modern United States of America. ... Sam Houston Samuel Houston (March 2, 1793 – July 26, 1863) 19th century statesman, politician and soldier. ... Henry Eustace McCulloch Henry Eustace McCulloch was a soldier in the Texas Revolution, Texas Ranger, and brigadier general in the army of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. ...

Ben, who never married (claiming it was because he was always away from home for such long periods), was described as being about five foot ten inches tall, though of slight build, with light hair and brilliant blue eyes.

The McCulloch family, like many on the frontier, moved often by choice or necessity; in the twenty years following their move from North Carolina and Ben's birth, they lived in eastern Tennessee, Alabama, and then western Tennessee, finally settling at Dyersburg, where one of their closest neighbors was David Crockett -- a great influence on young Ben. Official language(s) English Capital Montgomery Largest city Birmingham Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 30th 135,775 km² 306 km 531 km 3. ... Dyersburg is a city located in Dyer County, Tennessee. ... Davy Crockett David Crockett (August 17, 1786–March 6, 1836) was an American folk-hero usually referred to now as Davy Crockett. ...

In 1834, McCulloch headed west. He reached St. Louis just too late to join the fur trappers headed for the mountains for the season, tried to join a freight company headed for Santa Fe as a mule skinner but was told they had a full complement, and moved on to Wisconsin to investigate the lead-mining business but found all the best claims already staked by the large mining companies. In the fall of 1835, he returned to Tennessee. Motto: Nickname: Map Political Statistics Founded 1607 Incorporated Santa Fe County Mayor Larry A. Delgado Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 96. ... Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 23rd 169,790 km² 420 km 500 km 17 42°30N to 47°3N 86°49W to 92°54W Population  - Total (2000)  - Density Ranked 18th 5,453,896 38. ...

Texas career

When Crockett went to Texas in 1835 (following his defeat in his third congressional campaign), Ben McCulloch -- tired of farming, seeking adventure, and with no formal schooling but considerable natural ability for getting things done -- decided to accompany him, as did Henry, planning to meet Crockett's Tennessee Boys at Nacogdoches on Christmas Day. Ben contracted measles, however, and was bedridden for several weeks; they arrived too late at Nacogdoches but pressed on toward San Antonio. The delay prevented them from arriving in San Antonio until the Alamo had already fallen. The chamber of the United States House of Representatives is located in the south wing of the Capitol building, in Washington, D.C.. This photograph shows a rare glimpse of the four vote tallying boards (the blackish squares across the top), which display each members name and vote as... Nacogdoches (pronounced nack-a-doe-chis) is a city located in Nacogdoches County, Texas. ... Nickname: Alamo City Official website: www. ... El Álamo The Álamo (formally: San Antonio de Valero Mission) is the name of former mission and fortress compound, now a museum, in San Antonio, Texas, United States. ...

McCulloch joined the Texas army under Sam Houston in its retreat to east Texas. Assigned to Capt. Isaac N. Moreland's artillery company at the Battle of San Jacinto (21 April 1836), he commanded one of the "Twin Sisters" -- two six-pounder (2.7 kg) cannon sent to aid the Texans by the citizens of Cincinnati. He made deadly use of grapeshot against the Mexican positions and received a battlefield commission as first lieutenant. For his service (dating before 18 April 1836), McCulloch was issued Texas Bounty Certificate No. 2473 for 320 acres (1.3 km²). In 1839, he also received Donation Certificate No. 776 for 640 acres (2.6 km²), for service at San Jacinto. Combatants Mexico Texas Commanders Antonio López de Santa Anna Sam Houston Strength about 1,200 910 Casualties 630 killed, 208 wounded, 730 captured 9 killed, 30 wounded The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Twin Sisters (Dutch: De Tweeling) is a novel by Tessa de Loo about the sisters Lotte and Anna, who are separated at the age of six when their father dies. ... Nickname: The Queen City Official website: http://www. ... Grapeshot was a kind of anti-personnel ammunition used in cannons. ... First Lieutenant is a military rank. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

McCulloch was then attached to Capt. William H. Smith's cavalry company, but left the army to revisit Tennessee and returned a few months later with a company of thirty volunteers under the command of Robert Crockett (Davy's son). William Hugh Smith (April 28, 1826–January 1, 1899) was the Republican Governor of the U.S. state of Alabama from 1868 to 1870. ...

By 1838, he had taken up the profession of surveying land for the new Republic of Texas in and around the community of Seguin, but soon after joined the Texas Rangers as lieutenant to Col. John Coffee "Jack" Hays. He soon acquired a reputation as an Indian fighter, favoring shotguns, pistols, and Bowie knives to the regulation saber and carbine. | Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Official language English (de facto) Spanish, French, German and Native American languages regionally Capital Washington-on-the-Brazos (1836) Harrisburg (1836) Galveston (1836) Velasco (1836) Houston (1837–1839) Austin (1839–1845) Largest city San Antonio de Béxar Presidents David G. Burnet, Sam Houston, Mirabeau B. Lamar, Anson Jones Area... Coat of Arms/Seal of Seguin Seguin (pronounced suh-GEEN) is a city located in Guadalupe County, Texas. ... John Coffee Hays. ... A pump-action and two semi-automatic action shotguns, 20 boxes of shotgun shells, a target thrower, and 3 boxes of clay targets. ... A Browning 9 millimeter semiautomatic pistol Ordnance pistol of the French Navy, 19th century A pistol or handgun is a usually small firearm that can be used with one hand. ... Bowie knife is a term commonly used in modern times to refer to any large sheath knife. ... The Saber (spanish/portuguese: knowledge) currency is an educational sectoral currency in Brazil that is handed out by the ministry of education. ... A carbine is a firearm similar to, but generally shorter and less powerful than a rifle or musket of a given period. ...

Largely on the strength of his new fame, he was elected to the Republic of Texas House of Representatives in 1839. The campaign was contentious, and McCulloch fought a rifle duel the next year against Col. Reuben Ross, resulting in a wound that left his right arm crippled for life. Ben considered the matter closed but it flared up again the following year, this time involving Henry, who killed Ross with a pistol. Official language English (de facto) Spanish, French, German and Native American languages regionally Capital Washington-on-the-Brazos (1836) Harrisburg (1836) Galveston (1836) Velasco (1836) Houston (1837–1839) Austin (1839–1845) Largest city San Antonio de Béxar Presidents David G. Burnet, Sam Houston, Mirabeau B. Lamar, Anson Jones Area... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A duel or duel of honour is a formalised type of armed combat in which two individuals participate. ...

In 1842, McCulloch went back to surveying and intermittent military service. At the Battle of Plum Creek, 12 August 1840, he served as a scout against the Comanches and then commanded the right wing of the Texas army. When a Mexican raiding party under Gen. Rafael Vasquez invested San Antonio in February 1842, McCulloch was prominent in the fighting that pushed the Mexicans back beyond the Rio Grande. A second Mexican raid led by Gen. Adrian Woll in September of the same year again captured San Antonio, and McCulloch again served as a scout for Col. Hays's Rangers. He and his brother, Henry, subsequently took part in the failed Somervell expedition and both men escaped very shortly before most of the Texans were captured at Mier, Mexico in Tamaulipas, 25 December 1842. 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Comanche territory. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Rio Grande flowing in Big Bend National Park The Rio Grande in its lower course, between Matamoros and Brownsville Known as the Rio Grande in the United States and as the Río Bravo (or, more formally, the Río Bravo del Norte) in Mexico, the river, 3034 km... Tamaulipas is a state in the northeast of Mexico. ... December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Samuel Reid, a volunteer from Louisiana described McCulloch and his Ranger company as "men in groups with long beards and mustaches, dressed in every variety of garment, with one exception, the slouched hat, the unmistakable uniform of a Texas ranger, and a brace of pistols around their waists, [who] were occupied drying their blankets, cleaning and fixing their guns, and some employed cooking at different fires, while other were grooming their horses. A rougher-looking set we never saw. They were without tents, and a miserable shed afforded them the only shelter. Captain McCulloch introduced us to his officers and many of his men, who appeared orderly and well-mannered people. But from their rough exterior, it was hard to tell who or what they were. Notwithstanding their ferocious and outlaw look, there were among them doctors and lawyers and many a college graduate." Official language(s) English and French Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans at last census; probably Baton Rouge since Hurricane Katrina Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 31st 134,382 km² 210 km 610 km 16 29°N to 33°N 89°W to 94°W Population...

War with Mexico

In 1845, McCulloch was elected from Gonzales County to the first Texas state legislature following entry into the union. In the spring of 1846, a law was passed appointing him Major General in command of all Texas militia west of the Colorado River. That same year, at the outbreak of the war with Mexico, he raised a company of Rangers that became Company A of Col. Hays's 1st Regiment of Texas Mounted Volunteers, and who were known for their ability to regularly travel 250 miles in ten days or less. He subsequently was named chief of scouts under Gen. Zachary Taylor, with the rank of major, and became known nationwide for his daring exploits in northern Mexico. (His company of scouts included George Wilkins Kendall, editor of the New Orleans Picayune.) By this time, McCulloch was fluent in Spanish and his woodsman's skills enabled him to slip back and forth across the lines undetected -- more than once penetrating to within a mile of Santa Anna's own tent. Gonzales County is a county located in the state of Texas. ... The Texas Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Texas. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Colorado River from the bottom of Marble Canyon, in the Upper Grand Canyon Colorado River in the Grand Canyon from Desert View The Colorado River is a river in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately 1,450 mi (2,330 km) long, draining a part of the... Combatants United States Mexico Commanders Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott Stephen W. Kearney Antonio López de Santa Anna Strength 60,000 40,000 Casualties KIA: 1,733 Total dead: 13,283 Wounded: 4,152 25,000 (Mexican government estimate) The Mexican-American War was fought between the United States and... Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850), also known as Old Rough and Ready, was the twelfth President of the United States, serving from 1849 to 1850. ... Major is a military rank denoting an officer of mid-level command status. ...

McCulloch led his scouting company as mounted infantry at the Battle of Monterrey and his expert reconnaissance work preceding the Battle of Buena Vista probably saved Taylor's army from disaster. After Buena Vista he was promoted to the rank of major of U.S. Volunteers. The Battle of Monterrey (September 21–September 23, 1846) was an engagement in the Mexican-American War in which General Pedro de Ampudia and the Mexican Army of the North managed to fight US troops to a standstill at the important fortress town of Monterrey. ... The Battle of Buena Vista was a land battle of the Mexican-American War fought on 23 February 1847 in Buena Vista, Coahuila, seven miles (12 km) south of Saltillo, in northern Mexico. ... Major is a military rank denoting an officer of mid-level command status. ...

After the war, McCulloch scouted for Maj. Gen. David E. Twiggs but joined the rush to the California gold fields in 1849. And while he did not strike gold, he was elected sheriff of Sacramento. (His old commander, Col. Hays, had been elected sheriff of San Francisco on the same day.) His old friends, Sam Houston and Thomas J. Rusk, both now in the U.S. Senate, tried to arrange for his appointment to command a frontier army regiment, but his lack of formal education was against him and the appointment never went through. In 1852, Pres. Franklin Pierce promised him command of the U.S. Second Cavalry, but Secretary of War Jefferson Davis gave command instead to Albert Sidney Johnston. David Emanuel Twiggs (1790 – July 15, 1862) was a United States soldier during the War of 1812 and Mexican War and a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. ... The California Gold Rush was a period in American history marked by great world-wide interest concerning a gold discovery in Northern California. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Sheriff is both a political and a legal office held under English common law, Scots law or U.S. common law, or the person who holds such office. ... Nickname: City of Trees Motto: Official website: http://www. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay Official website: http://www. ... Thomas Jefferson Rusk Thomas Jefferson Rusk December 5,1803 - July 29,1857; was a U.S. political figure and a Senator from Texas from 1846 until his suicide. ... Seal of the Senate The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the Congress of the United States, the other being the House of Representatives. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) was an American politician and the 14th President of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. ... For other uses, see Jefferson Davis (disambiguation). ... Albert Sidney Johnston Albert Sidney Johnston (February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Confederate general during the American Civil War. ...

McCulloch was appointed U.S. marshal for the Eastern District of Texas in 1852, serving throughout the Pierce and Buchanan administrations. However, feeling his lack of formal military education, he actually spent much of his term of office studying military science in libraries in Washington, D.C. In 1858, as one of the peace commissioners sent to negotiate with Brigham Young in Utah (the other being former Gov. Lazarus W. Powell of Kentucky), he helped to prevent open warfare between the Mormons and the federal government, which had sent troops under the command of Gen. Johnston. James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was the 15th president of the United States (1857–1861). ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Brigham Young (June 1, 1801 – August 29, 1877) was the second prophet and president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church; see also Mormonism). ... Official language(s) English Capital Salt Lake City Largest city Salt Lake City Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 13th 219,887 km² 435 km 565 km 3. ... Lazarus W. Powell was the Governor of Kentucky from 1851 to 1855, and later a United States Senator from Kentucky. ... The Utah War was a 19th century armed conflict between Mormon settlers in Utah Territory and the United States federal government. ... The early history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is shared by the larger Latter Day Saint movement, which originated in upstate New York under the leadership of Joseph Smith, Jr. ...

Civil War

Texas seceded from the union on 1 February 1861, and on 14 February, McCulloch received a colonel's commission from Jefferson Davis, with the comment that "to Texans, a moment's notice is sufficient when their State demands their service." He was authorized to demand the surrender of all federal military posts in the state, and on the morning of 16 February, Gen. Twiggs, finding that more than 1,000 Texas troops had surrounded his government installations in an orderly manner during the night, turned over to McCulloch all federal property in San Antonio, in return for his troops being able to leave the state unharmed. On May 11, Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed McCulloch a brigadier general -- the second in rank by date of commission and the first appointed who was not presently serving in the military. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Colonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (132nd in leap years). ...

McCulloch was placed in command of the Indian Territory, set up his headquarters at Little Rock, and began piecing together an Army of the West, with regiments from Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. He disagreed strongly with his superior, Gen. Sterling Price of Missouri, but with the assistance of Brig. Gen. Albert Pike, he was able to build alliances for the Confederacy with the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creek nations. Indian Territory in 1836 Indian Territory in 1891 Indian Territory, also known as Indian Country, Indian territory or the Indian territories, was the land set aside within the United States for the use of American Indians (Native Americans). The general borders were set by the Indian Intercourse Act of 1834. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Official language(s) English Capital Little Rock Largest city Little Rock Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 29th 137 732 km² 385 km 420 km 2. ... General Price Sterling Old Pap Price (September 20, 1809 – September 29, 1867) was an antebellum politician from the U.S. state of Missouri and a Confederate major general during the American Civil War. ... Official language(s) English Capital Jefferson City Largest city Kansas City Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 21st 69,709 mi²; 180,693 km² 240 mi; 385 km 300 mi; 480 km 1. ... Albert Pike (* December 29, 1809 in Boston; † April 2, 1891 in Washington, D.C.) was an attorney, soldier, writer, and Freemason. ... For other uses, see Cherokee (disambiguation). ... Pushmataha was the most famous leader of the Choctaws. ... The Creeks are an American Indian people originally from the southeastern United States, also known by their original name Muscogee (or Muskogee), the name they use to identify themselves today. ...

On 10 August 1861, McCulloch's troops, though relatively poorly armed, handily defeated the army of Gen. Nathaniel Lyon at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri. "We have an average of only twenty-five rounds of ammunition to the man," McCulloch reported, "and no more to be had short of Fort Smith and Baton Rouge." He did not have a high opinion of Price's Missourians, noting that they were undisciplined, commanded mostly by incompetent and inexperienced politicians, and possessed only a poor mix of weapons and equipment. For some 5,000 of them, their enlistment time was up and they were anxious to go home. Cooperation between the Arkansas and Missouri contingents was feeble, with "little cordiality of feeling between the two armies." His lack of confidence in the Missourians led McCulloch to hesitate when a bold attack might well have destroyed Lyon's smaller force and given Missouri to the Confederacy. August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Nathaniel Lyon Nathaniel Lyon (July 14, 1818 - August 10, 1861) was the first Union general to be killed in the American Civil War and is noted for his action in the state of Missouri at the beginning of the conflict. ... Combatants United States of America State of Missouri Confederate States of America Commanders Nathaniel Lyon † Samuel D. Sturgis Sterling Price Missouri State Guard Ben McCulloch Strength Army of the West Missouri State Guard and McCulloch’s Brigade Casualties 1,235 1,095 {{{notes}}} The Battle of Wilsons Creek, also...

The continuing feud between McCulloch and Price led to the appointment of Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn to overall command, Henry Heth and Braxton Bragg having declined the honor. When Van Dorn launched an expedition against St. Louis, a strategy McCulloch strongly opposed, it was again McCulloch's reconnaissance that contributed most to what little success Van Dorn's plan was able to achieve. Earl Van Dorn Earl Van Dorn (September 17, 1820 – May 7, 1863) was a Confederate Major General during the American Civil War. ... Henry Heth Henry Heth (December 16, 1825 – September 27, 1899) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Confederate general in the American Civil War. ... Braxton Bragg Braxton Bragg (March 22, 1817 – September 27, 1876) was a career U.S. Army officer and a general in the Confederate States Army, a principal commander in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. ... Nickname: Gateway City, Gateway to the West, or Mound City Official website: http://stlouis. ...

McCulloch commanded the Confederate right wing at the Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas (or Elkhorn Tavern), and on 7 March 1862, after much maneuvering, he overran a key Union artillery battery. Union resistance stiffened late in the morning, however, and as McCulloch rode forward to scout out enemy positions, he was shot out of the saddle and died instantly. McCulloch always disliked army uniforms and was wearing a black velvet civilian suit and Wellington boots at the time of his death. Credit for the fatal shot was claimed by sharpshooter Peter Pelican of the 36th Illinois Infantry. The Battle of Pea Ridge (also known as The Battle of Elkhorn Tavern) was a land battle of the American Civil War which occurred on 7 March 1862 at Pea Ridge in northwest Arkansas, near Bentonville. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 25th 149,998 km² 340 km 629 km 4. ...

McCulloch's next in command, Brig. Gen. James M. McIntosh, commanding the cavalry, was killed a few minutes later in a charge to recover McCulloch's body. Col. [Louis Hébert] was captured in the same charge, and the Confederate division, with no remaining leadership, slowly fell apart and withdrew. Historians generally blame the Confederate disaster at Pea Ridge and the subsequent loss of undefended Arkansas on the untimely death of Gen. Ben McCulloch.

McCulloch's body was buried on the field at Pea Ridge but was subsequently removed with other victims of the battle to a cemetery in Little Rock. He was later reinterred in the Texas State Cemetery in Austin; the gravesite is in the Republic Hill section of the Cemetery, Row N, No. 4. His papers are housed at the Center for American History (previously the Barker Texas History Center) at the University of Texas at Austin. McCulloch County, Texas, formed in 1856 and located in the present geographical center of the state, was named for him. He is also one of thirty men inducted into the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame at Fort Fisher, Waco. // The Texas State Cemetery is a cemetery located on about 22 acres (9 hectares) just east of downtown Austin, the capital of Texas. ... Nickname: Live Music Capital of the World, ATX Official website: www. ... The University of Texas at Austin, often called UT or Texas, is the flagship institution of the University of Texas System. ... McCulloch County is a county located in the state of Texas. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Pulpit after capture, Fort Fisher, North Carolina, January 1865. ... Waco is the county seat of McLennan County, Texas. ...

Shortly after Pea Ridge, Albert Pike, now a brigadier general, constructed Fort McCulloch as the principal Confederate fortification in the southern section of the Indian Territory, naming it after his late commander. It was built on a bluff on the south bank of the Blue River and is now located in Bryan County, Oklahoma. It was placed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1971. Blue River may refer to: The Blue River, a tributary of the Ohio River in Indiana in the United States. ... Bryan County is a county located in the state of Oklahoma. ... The National Register of Historic Places is the USAs official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects worthy of preservation. ...

Camp Ben McCulloch was established near Austin in 1896 as a reunion site for the United Confederate Veterans and is the last such site still owned by the UCV's descendant group, Sons and Daughters of the Confederacy. It is now a public recreation facility of some 200 acres (0.8 km²) and is a popular location for Central Texas musical festivals. 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The United Confederate Veterans, also known as the UCV, was a veterans organization for former Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War, and was equivalent to the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) which was the organization for Union veterans. ...

Several other members of McCulloch's family followed him to Texas, including his mother, who died in Ellis County in 1866 at the home of another son, John S. McCulloch, who had been a captain in the Confederate army. Her remains were exhumed in 1938 by the State of Texas and reinterred beside those of Gen. McCulloch, and a joint monument was erected. Other siblings lived in Gonzales and in Walker County. Ellis County is a county located in the state of Texas. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Gonzales is a city located in Gonzales County, Texas. ... Walker County is a county located in the state of Texas. ...

Sources & additional reading

• McCulloch, Benjamin, "Memoirs", Missouri Historical Review (1932): 354ff.

• Reid, Samuel C. The Scouting Expeditions of McCulloch's Texas Rangers. Philadelphia, 1847; Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1970 (reprint).

• Rose, Victor Marion. The Life and Services of Gen. Ben McCulloch. Philadelphia, 1888; Austin: Steck, 1958 (reprint).

• Cutrer, Thomas W. Ben McCulloch and the Frontier Military Tradition. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993. (Cutrer also has written several other books about McCulloch's activities in the War with Mexico.)

• Gunn, Jack W. "Ben McCulloch: A Big Captain." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 58 (July 1954).

• A Guide to the Ben and Henry Eustace McCulloch Family Papers, 1798-1961, Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.
• Earle, Steve. "Ben McCulloch". A song written from the perspective of a foot soldier in the Texas Infantry.