The Berlin border crossings were created as a result of the postwar division of Germany. After the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, border stations between East Berlin, declared capital by the (unrecognized) German Democratic Republic, and the sectors controlled by the three Western Allies were added. Although there were few crossings at first, more sites were built to an increasing extent over the wall's lifespan. Clement Atlee, Harry Truman, Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, July 1945 The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany, from July 17 to August 2, 1945. ... East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, 20 November 1961. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... East Berlin was the name given to the eastern part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... An exclusive mandate refers to a governments assertion as the only legitimate authority over a certain territory, although in fact one (or more) other government(s) control part of the territory with stable, de facto sovereignty. ... This article is about the historical state. ... The Western Allies were the democracies and their colonial peoples, within the broader coalition of Allies during World War II. The term is generally understood to refer to the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations (from 1939), exiled forces from Occupied Europe (from 1940), the United States (from 1941), and...

Border control procedures

Between West Berlin and GDR territory, the border stations were developed very effectively on the GDR's side. (The official designation for controlled border traffic was Grenzübergangsstelle, GÜSt: border crossing site.) Border officials and customs agents would monitor incoming and outgoing traffic according to established procedures, at times with the utmost scrutiny. A strict division of labor among the various organizations was the rule. The security of the outward-facing border and of the border crossings was maintained by special security divisions of the GDR border guard troops (German abbreviation SiK, short for Sicherungskompanien). Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ...

The actual inspections of vehicle and pedestrian traffic were carried out by the passport control units (German abbreviation PKE, short for Passkontrolleinheiten). The PKE units were not under the command of the GDR border guard troops and thereby the Ministry of Defense, but the Ministry for State Security (Division VI / Department 6, Passport Control). While on duty at the border stations, however, the PKE would wear the same uniforms as the border guard troops. For personal inspections, highly qualified and specially trained forces were used exclusively. The passports, identification cards, etc., could be transmitted from the inspection sites to a processing center using closed-circuit television and ultraviolet light, where they were recorded. From there, commands were issued using a numeric display to the passport control unit, for example "flip page", "request additional documentation", "delay processing", ask predefined questions, etc. Logo of East Germanys Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS or Stasi) / Ministry for State Security This article is about Stasi, the secret police of East Germany. ...

On the West Berlin side, police and customs agents were stationed. No personal inspections usually took place there. Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ...

• At the transit crossings (sites for traffic passing into the GDR en route to another country), statistical demographic data about travelers would be recorded (travel destination, etc.), and travelers would occasionally be inspected, when appropriate, for the purpose of criminal investigations (police "dragnets").
• Freight traffic bound for other countries was subject to customs processing. Shipping to the Federal Republic of Germany was only subject to statistical record-keeping and, under certain circumstances, sealing of the cargo.
• At Checkpoint Bravo (Dreilinden) and Checkpoint Charlie (Friedrichstraße), the Allied occupation forces had established checkpoints, but they were not relevant to regular personal and business traffic. They served as processing stations for military units as well as a display of military presence. Their designated authority to perform further inspections was utilized only in extremely rare cases.
• Signs directed travelers passing through the GDR to report any suspicious events that might have occurred during their transit; by these means, information was to be gathered regarding, for example, the arrest of West German citizens.

A dragnet is any system of coordinated measures for apprehending criminals or suspects; including road barricades and traffic stops, widespread DNA tests, and general increased police alertness. ... Checkpoint Charlie viewed from the American sector, with a Soviet soldier warning picture. ...

Border crossings up to 1990

West Berlin - East Berlin

There were several border crossings between East and West Berlin: Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... East Berlin was the name given to the eastern part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... Border control Border control is a term that describes how a country polices its borders. ...

• Bornholmer Straße, over the Bösebrücke between Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg and Berlin-Wedding (opened 1961).
  • For West Berliners, citizens of the Federal Republic, GDR citizens, and diplomats (by road)
• Chausseestraße/Reinickendorfer Straße between Berlin-Wedding and Berlin-Mitte
  • For West Berliners and GDR citizens (by road)
• Invalidenstraße/Sandkrugbrücke between Tiergarten and Berlin-Mitte
  • For West Berliners and GDR citizens (by road)
• Checkpoint Charlie/Friedrichstrasse between Berlin-Mitte and Berlin-Kreuzberg (opened 1961)
  • For foreigners, diplomats, Allied military personnel and GDR citizens (by road)
• Heinrich-Heine-Straße/Prinzenstraße between Berlin-Mitte and Berlin-Kreuzberg
  • For citizens of the Federal Republic, GDR citizens and diplomats (by road)
• Oberbaumbrücke between Friedrichshain and Berlin-Kreuzberg (opened 1963)
  • For West Berliners and GDR citizens (pedestrians)
• Sonnenallee between Neukölln and Treptow
  • For West Berliners and GDR citizens (by road)

In addition, entirely located in East Berlin (reached by streetcar, subway, or railroad): Prenzlauer Berg is a former borough of Berlin situated in the eastern part of the city. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... The Federal Republic of Germany can refer to two things: West Germany from 1949-1990 Germany since German reunification in 1990 ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... Tiergarten (Animal Garden) is a large park and a former borough of Berlin, since 2001 a part of the expanded borough Mitte. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... Checkpoint Charlie viewed from the American sector, with a Soviet soldier warning picture. ... The Friedrichstraße (pronounced fRi-dRIc-StRas-s@ as written in SAMPA form) (Frederick Street) is a major shopping street in (east) central Berlin. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... An U-Bahn train crosses the Oberbaumbrücke Oberbaumbrücke is a bridge crossing Berlins Rive Spree. ... Boulevard Karl-Marx-Allee Friedrichshain is a part of Berlins borough Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg. ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... Sonnenallee(1999) German comedy about life in East Berlin in the 1970s. ... Neukölln is a borough of Berlin. ... Treptow is a former borough of Berlin; in 2001 it merged with Köpenick to form the new borough Treptow-Köpenick. ...

• Friedrichstraße station (opened 1961)
  • For West Berliners, citizens of the Federal Republic, foreigners, diplomats, transit travelers and GDR citizens (rail/pedestrian)

The Friedrichstraße (pronounced fRi-dRIc-StRas-s@ as written in SAMPA form) (Frederick Street) is a major shopping street in (east) central Berlin. ...

West Berlin - GDR

• Glienicke Bridge over the Havel from Berlin-Wannsee to Potsdam
  • Open to general traffic until 1952.
  • From 1952 on, open only for access by the western Allied Military Liaison Missions. Civilians with special permission were later allowed to cross the bridge on foot.
  • From 1953-07-03 on, the bridge was closed as one of the last routes connecting Berlin with the surrounding area for civilian traffic.
  • It became well known in particular because three exchanges of captured agents took place there between the American and Soviet superpowers.
• Lichtenrade/Mahlow (Federal Road 96), only for garbage trucks of the Berlin sanitation department and automobiles on service trips from West Berlin to the dump in Schöneiche.
• Waltersdorf Chaussee/Rudow Chaussee, besides its function for transit to and from the Berlin-Schönefeld airport, was also opened for passage of West Berliners into the GDR. The crossing was little known, as only its transit function was mentioned in guidebooks.
• In Kohlhasenbrück, for access to the Steinstücken exclave, and only for the use of its residents. This crossing was abolished after the 1971 territorial exchange, when Steinstücken was annexed to West Berlin as unrestricted territory.
• Bürgerablage Beach, for access to the exclaves Erlengrund and Fichtewiese, only for use by campers there. The crossing was abolished after the 1988 territorial exchange, when both exclaves were annexed to West Berlin as unrestricted territory.

The Glienicke bridge is a bridge in Berlin that was used by the superpowers to exchange captured spies. ... For the Biblical Havel, see Abel. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... Potsdam is the capital city of the state of Brandenburg in Germany. ... The Military Liaison Missions arose from reciprocal agreements formed immediately after the Second World War between the Western allied nations (US, UK and France) and the USSR. The agreements permitted the deployment of small numbers of military intelligence personnel - together with associated support staff - in each others territory in... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ... July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Soviet republics Area  - Total  - % water 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Approx. ... Landsat image of SXF Berlin-Schönefeld International Airport (Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld) (IATA: SXF, ICAO: EDDB) is an international airport located in Schönefeld immediately south of Berlin, Germany. ... Steinstücken, a small settlement with approximately 200 inhabitants, is the southernmost territory of the Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf. ... D is Bs exclave, but is not an enclave. ...

Crossings for transit traffic

Road crossings

These crossings could be used for passage on the prescribed transit highways and for travel within the GDR:

• Autobahn Crossing Checkpoint Dreilinden (Allied Checkpoint Bravo) / Border Crossing Station (GÜSt) Drewitz for travel and freight traffic. Even after this portion of the autobahn was rebuilt and the crossing station was relocated on 1969-10-15, the names were retained. Zehlendorf/Kleinmachnow would have been more correct.
  • to the Federal Republic, in the following directions:
    • Marienborn / Helmstedt (Lower Saxony, Hannover; Allied Checkpoint Alpha)
    • Hirschberg / Rudolphstein (Bavaria, Hof, Nürnberg, München)
    • Wartha / Herleshausen (toward Hesse, Frankfurt am Main)
  • into Czechoslovakia:
    • Zinnwald / Cinovec
  • to Poland:
    • Pomellen / Kołbaskowo (Kolbitzow) (in the direction of Szczecin, Gdańsk)
    • Frankfurt (Oder) / Slubice (toward central Poland, Warsaw)
    • Forst (toward southern Poland, Wrocław)
  • toward Scandinavia:
    • Sassnitz by Baltic sea passage to Sweden (Trelleborg), Denmark (Rønne)
    • Rostock / Warnemünde by Baltic sea passage to Denmark (Gedser), passengers and crews of passenger ships.
  • In addition the only trans-border bus line of the BVG, bus line 99, passed through this crossing from the Wannsee streetcar station to Potsdam-Babelsberg (autobahn exit) and back. Until 1989-11-09 only buses without an upper deck or advertising were allowed; afterwards, conventional double-decker buses with advertising would pass as well, due to increased traffic and the freedom of passage after the Berlin Wall fell.
• Autobahn Crossing Checkpoint Berlin-Heiligensee / Stolpe
  • to the Federal Republic, in the direction of:
    • Zarrentin / Gudow (northern Germany, Hamburg]
  • to Poland
    • Pomellen / Kołbaskowo (Kolbitzow) (toward Szczecin, Gdańsk)
  • to Scandinavia
    • Sassnitz by Baltic sea passage to Sweden (Trelleborg), Denmark (Rønne)
    • Rostock / Warnemünde by Baltic sea passage to Denmark (Gedser), passengers and crews of passenger ships.
• Lichtenrade / Großbeeren, planned but never realised. Intended to be developed as an autobahn border control station for transit travelers.
• Heerstraße in Berlin-Staaken / Staaken-West (1951 - 1982, previously in Dallgow)
  • Horst / Lauenburg (B 5(F 5) to northern Germany, Hamburg)
    • This crossing offered the only option for driving to the Federal Republic with vehicles not permitted on the autobahn (e.g., bicycles, mopeds, tractors, and other specialized vehicles), on condition that one make the trip without interruption (overnight stays, lengthy breaks).
    • This crossing was later closed and replaced by an autobahn connection through Tegel. With this change, the possibility of going through the GDR with other vehicles ended.

1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... Helmstedt is a city located at the eastern edge of the German state of Lower Saxony. ... With an area of 47,618 km and nearly eight million inhabitants, Lower Saxony (German Niedersachsen) lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the countrys sixteen Bundesl nder (federal states). ... Map of Germany showing Hanover Hanover (in German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ]), on the river Leine, is the capital of the state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Hof is a city located on the banks of the Saale in the northeastern corner of the German state of Bavaria, in the Franconia region, hard by the Czech border and the forested Fichtelgebirge upland region. ... Nuremberg coat of arms Location of Nuremberg Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. ... Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich (German: München (pronounced listen) is the state capital of the German Bundesland of Bavaria. ... There are places that have the name Wartha: In Germany Wartha (Saxony), a part of Knappensee, in the Kamenz district, Saxony Eisenach-Wartha, a part of Eisenach, Lower Saxony Older name An older name of what is now Bardo in the Lower Silesian voivodship. ... Hesse (German: Hessen) is one of Germanys sixteen federal states (Bundesländer) and has an area of 21,110 km² and just over six million inhabitants. ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Szczecin (pronounce: ; German: ; Kashubian/Pomeranian: Sztetëno; Latin: Stetinum or Scecinum, also Sedinum) is the capital city of West Pomeranian Voivodship in Poland. ... GdaÅ„sk (?· i; German: , Kashubian: , Latin: ; older English Dantzig also other languages) is the sixth-largest city in Poland, and also its principal seaport and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodship. ... Frankfurt (Oder) ( Sorbian/Lusatian: Frankobord ) is a city in Brandenburg, Germany located on the Oder River, on the German-Polish border directly opposite the city of SÅ‚ubice. ... Słubice is a town in the Lubusz Voivodship, Poland. ... Warsaw (Polish: , (?), in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... There are communes that have the name Forst in Germany Forst (Unterfranken) Forst, Baden Forst, Mittelfranken Forst, Eifel Forst, Hunsrück Forst, Lausitz Forst, Bavaria Forst an der Weinstraße Forst, Odenwald in Switzerland Forst, Switzerland, in the Canton of Bern Other Forst, Algund, a commune in South Tyrol This... WrocÅ‚aw, (Polish pronunciation: (?), Czech: , German: ( (help· info)), Latin: Wratislavia or Vratislavia) is the capital of Lower Silesia in southwestern Poland, situated on the Oder River (Odra). ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... Sassnitz is a town on the Jasmund peninsula, Rügen Island, in the Federal State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. ... Trelleborg is a municipality and city in Scania in southernmost Sweden. ... Rønne. ... Rostock is a city in northern Germany. ... The popular local recreation area of Warnemünde, Germany, is situated north of the Hanseatic town of Rostock, where the Warnow river flows into the Baltic Sea. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, 20 November 1961. ... Heiligensee is a part of Reinickendorf, which is a borough of the German capital, Berlin. ... Northern Germany is the the geographic area of the five German states Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein in the German Lowlands known as the Northern German Plain with Low German as the historic language (see: Benrath line). ... Hamburgs Motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Szczecin (pronounce: ; German: ; Kashubian/Pomeranian: Sztetëno; Latin: Stetinum or Scecinum, also Sedinum) is the capital city of West Pomeranian Voivodship in Poland. ... GdaÅ„sk (?· i; German: , Kashubian: , Latin: ; older English Dantzig also other languages) is the sixth-largest city in Poland, and also its principal seaport and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodship. ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... Sassnitz is a town on the Jasmund peninsula, Rügen Island, in the Federal State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. ... Trelleborg is a municipality and city in Scania in southernmost Sweden. ... Rønne. ... Rostock is a city in northern Germany. ... The popular local recreation area of Warnemünde, Germany, is situated north of the Hanseatic town of Rostock, where the Warnow river flows into the Baltic Sea. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... USGS image In physical geography and geology, a horst is the raised fault block bounded by normal faults. ... Northern Germany is the the geographic area of the five German states Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein in the German Lowlands known as the Northern German Plain with Low German as the historic language (see: Benrath line). ... Hamburgs Motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Berlin-Tegel. ...

Rail crossings

• Berlin-Wannsee/Griebnitzsee (passenger traffic) and Steinstücken/Drewitz Station (freight traffic)
  • Marienborn/Helmstedt (Hannover, western Germany)
  • Schwanheide/Büchen (Hamburg, northern Germany, 1961 - 1976)
  • Gerstungen/Bebra (western Germany, Hesse, Frankfurt am Main)
  • Probstzella/Ludwigsstadt (southern Germany, Hof, Nürnberg, München)
• Berlin-Spandau/Staaken (GDR) (restricted to freight only from 1961 to 1976; during those years, passenger traffic was diverted via Berlin-Wannsee/Griebnitzsee)
  • Schwanheide/Büchen (Hamburg, northern Germany)
• Zoologischer Garten Station/Friedrichstrasse Station
  • ČSSR, Poland, Scandinavia
    • Furthermore, many train connections ended at the Ostbahnhof (east station). Very few passenger coaches passed through (e.g. Paris - Moscow), and in general one had to change trains at the Ostbahnhof (then the Berlin main station) or in the Berlin-Lichtenberg station.

Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... Steinstücken, a small settlement with approximately 200 inhabitants, is the southernmost territory of the Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf. ... Helmstedt is a city located at the eastern edge of the German state of Lower Saxony. ... Map of Germany showing Hanover Hanover (in German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ]), on the river Leine, is the capital of the state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... West Germany was the informal name for the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1990, during which years the Federal Republic did not yet include East Germany. ... Hamburgs Motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Northern Germany is the the geographic area of the five German states Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein in the German Lowlands known as the Northern German Plain with Low German as the historic language (see: Benrath line). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The small town of Bebra is located in the distrikt Hersfeld-Rotenburg of Hessen. ... West Germany was the informal name for the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1990, during which years the Federal Republic did not yet include East Germany. ... Hesse (German: Hessen) is one of Germanys sixteen federal states (Bundesländer) and has an area of 21,110 km² and just over six million inhabitants. ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Hof is a city located on the banks of the Saale in the northeastern corner of the German state of Bavaria, in the Franconia region, hard by the Czech border and the forested Fichtelgebirge upland region. ... Nuremberg coat of arms Location of Nuremberg Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. ... Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich (German: München (pronounced listen) is the state capital of the German Bundesland of Bavaria. ... Spandau is the westernmost borough (Bezirk) of Berlin, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and along the western bank of the Havel. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... Hamburgs Motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Northern Germany is the the geographic area of the five German states Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein in the German Lowlands known as the Northern German Plain with Low German as the historic language (see: Benrath line). ... The Bahnhof Zoo in 2004 Berlin Zoologischer Garten (German for Berlin Zoological Garden, short form Berlin Zoo or colloquially Bahnhof Zoo) was the central transport facility in West Berlin during the division of the city, and is still the main station for the western central area of Berlin. ... The Friedrichstraße (pronounced fRi-dRIc-StRas-s@ as written in SAMPA form) (Frederick Street) is a major shopping street in (east) central Berlin. ... Czechoslovakia (Czech: ÄŒeskoslovensko, Slovak: ÄŒesko-Slovensko/before 1990 ÄŒeskoslovensko) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1918 until early 1993 (with government-in-exile during the World War II period). ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... The station foyer contains shops and eating faculities Looking west from a mainline platform, facing the two S-bahn platforms Berlin Ostbahnhof (East Station) is a mainline railway station in Berlin, Germany. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur Tossed by the waves, she does not founder Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Département Paris (75) Région ÃŽle-de-France Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 86. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ...

Waterways

The numerous border crossings on waterways (e.g., Spree, Havel, Teltow Canal) were only open to commercial freight traffic. Recreational boats had to be loaded onto ships or towed overland. The Spree (Slavic Å preva or Å preja, older form Sprevja, Sorbish Sprowja) is a river in Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany. ... For the Biblical Havel, see Abel. ...

• Tiefer See / Glienicke Lake (1954 - 1961) This crossing was not relevant for traffic to and from West Berlin.
• Dreilinden / Kleinmachnow, Teltow Canal (from 1981 on)
• Teufelssee Canal / Hennigsdorf (only traffic to and from GDR destinations and transit traffic (Poland), not to the Federal Republic)
• Potsdam-Nedlitz / Jungfernsee
• Crossings within the Berlin city limits

1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hennigsdorf is a town north west of Berlin, Germany. ... Lake Jungfernsee is located near Potsdam, Germany and is on the river Havel. ...

Air travel

To and from Berlin-Schönefeld Airport for air travel: Landsat image of SXF Berlin-Schönefeld International Airport (Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld) (IATA: SXF, ICAO: EDDB) is an international airport located in Schönefeld immediately south of Berlin, Germany. ...

• Waltersdorfer Chaussee/Rudower Chaussee (transfer bus to and from West Berlin)

also, within East Berlin territory (access via streetcar, subway or rail): a historic postcard showing electric trolley-powered streetcars in Richmond, Virginia, where Frank J. Sprague successfully demonstrated his new system on the hills in 1888 A streetcar is a railway vehicle designed to carry passengers on tracks, usually laid in city streets. ... This article describes subways as mass transit lines. ...

• Friedrichstraße Station (starting in 1961)

At the Berlin-Tempelhof and Berlin-Tegel airports there were border crossings manned by West Berlin police and customs. These were not located in territory controlled by the GDR. In addition to processing for international air travel, the personal documents of travelers between West Berlin and the Federal Republic were inspected. The Friedrichstraße (pronounced fRi-dRIc-StRas-s@ as written in SAMPA form) (Frederick Street) is a major shopping street in (east) central Berlin. ... Tempelhof Central Airport (IATA: THF, ICAO: EDDI) a. ... Tegel International Airport Otto Lilienthal (IATA: TXL, ICAO: EDDT) (often shortened to Tegel) is an airport in Berlin, Germany. ...

Miscellaneous crossings

The various illegal or unofficial border crossings are not reliably documented:

• those constructed between the East and West by refugees and those who assisted them, mostly underground. Many of these were discovered and destroyed.
• those constructed by, e.g., the Ministry for State Security and other clandestine organizations, in order to transfer people unobserved between East and West.

Logo of East Germanys Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS or Stasi) / Ministry for State Security This article is about Stasi, the secret police of East Germany. ...

Changes in 1989 and 1990

Additions

In the time between the fall of the Berlin Wall on 1989-11-09 and the abolition of all border controls on 1990-07-01 numerous additional border crossings were built for interim use. Because of their symbolic value, the most famous of these were Glienicke Bridge, Bernauer Strasse, Potsdamer Platz, and the Brandenburg Gate. The opening of the latter was merely a public-relations formality, which took place on 1989-12-22, per request of then-Chancellor Helmut Kohl; hundreds of television crews from all over the world had anticipated this historic event for weeks. East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, 20 November 1961. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... The Glienicke bridge is a bridge in Berlin that was used by the superpowers to exchange captured spies. ... Potsdamer Platz is an important square and traffic intersection in central Berlin, Germany. ... The Brandenburg Gate The Brandenburg Gate (German: Brandenburger Tor) is a triumphal arch and the symbol of Berlin, Germany. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The head of government of Germany has been known as the Chancellor (German: Kanzler) ever since the creation of the post. ... Dr. Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (born April 3, 1930) is a Catholic German conservative politician and statesman. ...

GDR Border Police handout announcing the planned opening of the Brandenburg Gate

A chronological list of the crossings opened during this time follows, with locations as of 1990:

• 1989-11-10 08:00 h Kirchhainer Damm (Mahlow/Berlin-Lichtenrade) (already in use for sanitation trucks, was opened to private citizens) (F 96/B 96)
• 1989-11-10 18:00 h Glienicke Bridge (Potsdam/Berlin-Wannsee) (already in use for Allied personnel, was opened to private citizens)
• 1989-11-11 08:00 h Eberswalder Straße (Prenzlauer Berg)/Bernauer Straße (Berlin-Wedding)
• 1989-11-11 08:00 h Jannowitzbrücke subway station (Berlin-Mitte/Subway line U8) (previously a ghost station)
• 1989-11-11 13:00 h Puschkinallee (Treptow)/Schlesische Straße (Berlin-Kreuzberg)
• 1989-11-12 08:00 h Potsdamer Platz (Berlin-Mitte/Tiergarten)
• 1989-11-13 08:00 h Wollankstraße (Pankow/Berlin-Wedding)
• 1989-11-13 18:00 h Falkenseer Chaussee (Falkensee/Berlin-Spandau)
• 1989-11-14 08:00 h Philipp-Müller-Allee (Teltow)/Ostpreußendamm (Berlin-Lichterfelde)
• 1989-11-14 08:00 h Stubenrauchstraße - Massantebrücke (Berlin-Johannisthal/Berlin-Rudow)
• 1989-12-11 Karl-Marx-Straße (Kleinmachnow)/Benschallee (Berlin-Nikolassee-Düppel)
• 21989-12-22 Rosenthaler Platz subway station (Berlin-Mitte/Subway line U8) (previously a ghost station)
• 1989-12-22 Brandenburger Tor (Berlin-Mitte/Tiergarten)
• 1990-01-03 Karl-Marx-Straße (Groß Ziethen)/Buckower Damm (Berlin-Buckow)
• 1990-01-13 Ruppiner Chaussee (Hennigsdorf-Stolpe Süd/Berlin-Heiligensee-Schulzendorf)
• 1990-01-22 Griebnitzsee station (was already in use as a transit crossing, then was opened for the newly inaugurated commuter train Potsdam - Wannsee)
• 1990-01-30 Potsdamer Chaussee (Groß-Glienicke/Berlin-Kladow-Groß-Glienicke)
• 1990-02-17 Berliner Straße (Hohen-Neuendorf)/Oranienburger Chaussee (Frohnau) (F 96/B 96)
• 1990-03-03 Oranienburger Chaussee (Glienicke-Nordbahn)/Berliner Straße (Hermsdorf (Berlin)) (through "Entenschnabel" F 96/B 96)
• 1990-03-17 Rudolf-Breitscheid-Straße (Potsdam-Babelsberg)/Neue Kreisstraße (Berlin-Wannsee-Kohlhasenbrück)
• 1990-03-17 Böttcherberg (Potsdam-Klein-Glienicke/Berlin-Wannsee)
• 1990-03-23 Lindenstraße (Berlin-Mitte/Berlin-Kreuzberg)
• 1990-03-31 Zehlendorfer Damm (Kleinmachnow)/Machnower Straße (Berlin-Zehlendorf)
• 1990-04-06 Lichtenrader Straße (Groß Ziethen)/Groß Ziethener Straße (Berlin-Lichtenrade)
• 1990-04-06 Arcostraße (Mahlow)/Beethovenstraße (Berlin-Lichtenrade)
• 1990-04-07 Brunnenstraße (Berlin-Mitte/Berlin-Wedding)
• 1990-04-07 Kopenhagener Straße (Berlin-Niederschönhausen-Wilhelmsruh/Berlin-Reinickendorf)
• 1990-04-12 Schilling Bridge (Berlin-Mitte)/Köpenicker Straße (Berlin-Kreuzberg)
• 1990-04-12 Elsenstraße (Treptow/Berlin-Neukölln)
• 1990-04-12 Bernauer Straße subway station (Berlin-Mitte/Berlin-Wedding) (previously a ghost station, it was opened without border controls, with direct access to West Berlin)
• 1990-04-12 Rudower Chaussee (Groß Ziethen)/Groß-Ziethener Chaussee (Berlin-Rudow)
• 1990-05-27 Torweg (Staaken-West/Berlin-Staaken)
• 1990-06-08 Dammweg (Berlin-Baumschulenweg/Berlin-Neukölln)
• 1990-06-11 Behmstraßen Bridge (Prenzlauer Berg/Berlin-Wedding)
• 1990-06-17 Wilhelmsruher Damm (Berlin-Rosenthal/Berlin-Wittenau-Märkisches Viertel)
• 1990-06-23 Berliner Allee (Schönwalde)/Schönwalder Allee (Berlin-Spandau)
• 1990-06-23 Knesebeck Bridge (Teltow/Berlin-Zehlendorf-Schönow)
• 1990-06-30 F100 Großbeeren-Heinersdorf/Marienfelder Allee (Berlin-Marienfelde) (F 100/B 101)

1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... The Glienicke bridge is a bridge in Berlin that was used by the superpowers to exchange captured spies. ... Potsdam is the capital city of the state of Brandenburg in Germany. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Prenzlauer Berg is a former borough of Berlin situated in the eastern part of the city. ... The Bernauer StraBe is one of the only three remaining locations of the Berlin wall. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... S-Bahn station Potsdamer Platz - formerly a ghost station and now reopened. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining. ... Treptow is a former borough of Berlin; in 2001 it merged with Köpenick to form the new borough Treptow-Köpenick. ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining. ... Potsdamer Platz is an important square and traffic intersection in central Berlin, Germany. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... Tiergarten (Animal Garden) is a large park and a former borough of Berlin, since 2001 a part of the expanded borough Mitte. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 13 is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 48 days remaining. ... Pankow is a borough of Berlin. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 13 is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 48 days remaining. ... Spandau is the westernmost borough (Bezirk) of Berlin, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and along the western bank of the Havel. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining. ... Teltow is a town in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 11 is the 345th day (346th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... S-Bahn station Potsdamer Platz - formerly a ghost station and now reopened. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Brandenburg Gate (German: Brandenburger Tor) is a triumphal arch, the symbol of Germany. ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... Tiergarten (Animal Garden) is a large park and a former borough of Berlin, since 2001 a part of the expanded borough Mitte. ... This article is about the year. ... January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Hennigsdorf is a town north west of Berlin, Germany. ... Heiligensee is a part of Reinickendorf, which is a borough of the German capital, Berlin. ... This article is about the year. ... January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Potsdam is the capital city of the state of Brandenburg in Germany. ... The Wannsee is both a linked pair of lakes in southwestern Berlin, Germany and the name of the borough in which they can be found. ... This article is about the year. ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Frohnau is a neighborhood in the Reinickendorf borough of Berlin, Germany. ... This article is about the year. ... March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (63rd in leap years). ... Hermsdorf is quiet community located in Reinickendorf, Berlin. ... This article is about the year. ... March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years). ... Potsdam is the capital city of the state of Brandenburg in Germany. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... This article is about the year. ... March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years). ... Potsdam is the capital city of the state of Brandenburg in Germany. ... Map of Berlin-Wannsee The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, in Germany, and a linked pair of lakes adjoining the locality. ... This article is about the year. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... This article is about the year. ... March 31 is the 90th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (91st in Leap years), with 275 days remaining. ... Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about the year. ... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... This article is about the year. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Reinickendorf is a borough of Berlin. ... This article is about the year. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... This article is about the year. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... Treptow is a former borough of Berlin; in 2001 it merged with Köpenick to form the new borough Treptow-Köpenick. ... This article is about the year. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... Berlin-Mitte or Mitte is the central-most borough of Berlin (Mitte is German for centre). ... S-Bahn station Potsdamer Platz - formerly a ghost station and now reopened. ... This article is about the year. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... June 8 is the 159th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (160th in leap years), with 206 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... June 11 is the 162nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (163rd in leap years), with 203 days remaining. ... Prenzlauer Berg is a former borough of Berlin situated in the eastern part of the city. ... This article is about the year. ... June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. ... Märkisches Viertel (MV) is a locality in the borough of Reinickendorf in Berlin. ... This article is about the year. ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175 th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... Spandau is the westernmost borough (Bezirk) of Berlin, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and along the western bank of the Havel. ... This article is about the year. ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175 th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... Teltow is a town in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about the year. ... June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ... Berlin-Marienfelde is a local part in the district Tempelhof-Schöneberg of Berlin, in the south of the city. ...

Removal

With the reunification on 1990-10-03, all border crossings were abolished. The controls had already been abandoned on 1990-07-01, the day of the currency union. In the months after the fall of the Wall they had become more and more irrelevant. A few portions of the structures have been retained as a memorial. The Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) took place on October 3, 1990, when the areas of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR, in English commonly called East Germany) were incorporated into the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, in... This article is about the year. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ...

Remaining border controls

At the Tempelhof, Tegel, and Schönefeld airports (Schönefeld located outside Berlin city limits), there remain border crossings manned by German Federal Police and Customs. They serve exclusively for the processing of international air traffic; therefore they no longer represent any peculiarity, in the sense of the history of the Cold War. Tempelhof Central Airport (IATA: THF, ICAO: EDDI) a. ... Tegel International Airport Otto Lilienthal (IATA: TXL, ICAO: EDDT) (often shortened to Tegel) is an airport in Berlin, Germany. ... Landsat image of SXF Berlin-Schönefeld International Airport (Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld) (IATA: SXF, ICAO: EDDB) is an international airport located in Schönefeld immediately south of Berlin, Germany. ... The Bundespolizei (or BPOL) is the federal police force of Germany. ... The Cold War (Russian: Холодная война Kholodnaya Voina) was the protracted geopolitical, ideological, and economic struggle that emerged after World War II between the global superpowers of the Soviet Union and the United States, supported by their military alliance partners. ...

Bibliography

Hans-Dieter Behrendt: Im Schatten der "Agentenbrücke" (In the shadow of the "Agents' Bridge"), 260 pages, GNN Verlag, ISBN 3-89819-140-0 (German)

External links

(German)

• Comprehensive documentation by the former passport control staff officer Hans-Dieter Behrendt
• Checkpoint Bravo preservation association
• Border crossing stamps

This article is based on a translation of an article from the German Wikipedia.