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Bermuda (officially, The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around 1770 km (1,100 mi) northeast of Miami, Florida and 1350 km (840 mi) south of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about 1030 km (640 mi) west-northwest. It is the oldest and most populous remaining British overseas territory, settled by England a century before the Acts of Union that created the British Empire. Bermuda may refer to: Bermuda, an island in the Atlantic. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Bermuda. ...
Image File history File links Coa_Bermuda. ...
Flag Ratio: 1:2 The Flag of the Governor of Bermuda The Flag of Bermuda was adopted on October 4, 1910. ...
The Coat of Arms of Bermuda show a red lion holding a shield that has a depiction of a sinking ship upon it. ...
For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ...
Publication of an early version in The Gentlemans Magazine, 15 October 1745. ...
Hail to Bermuda is the unofficial local anthem of Bermuda (the official anthem is God Save the Queen). ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Not to be confused with capitol. ...
Population: 62,997 (July 2000 est. ...
City Hall in Hamilton. ...
An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
A regional language is a language spoken in a part of a country, be it may be a small area, a federal state or province, or a wider area. ...
A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper (almost exclusively Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ...
This article is about the monarchy of the United Kingdom, one of sixteen that share a common monarch; for information about this constitutional relationship, see Commonwealth realm; for information on the reigning monarch, see Elizabeth II. For information about other Commonwealth realm monarchies, as well as other relevant articles, see...
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ...
The Flag of the Governor of Bermuda The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdoms overseas territory of Bermuda. ...
List of Premiers of Bermuda Political Parties UBP - United Bermuda Party PLP - Progressive Labour Party See also Politics of Bermuda List of Governors of Bermuda British overseas territory Lists of incumbents Categories: Bermuda | Lists of office-holders ...
Ewart Frederick Brown Jr. ...
This article is about the physical quantity. ...
To help compare sizes of different geographic regions, we list here areas between 10 km² (1000 hectares) and 100 km² (10,000 hectares). ...
This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...
A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ...
This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ...
Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ...
Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ...
The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory uses the long-term equilibrium exchange rate of two currencies to equalize their purchasing power. ...
There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ...
Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ...
This article includes two lists of countries of the world[1] sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. ...
This page talks about Human Development Index, for other HDIs see HDI (disambiguation) World map indicating Human Development Index (2007). ...
This talks about the countries in the Human Development Index, for information on the Human Development Index, please Click Here World map indicating Human Development Index (2007) (Colour-blind compliant map) For red-green color vision problems. ...
The dollar (ISO 4217 code: BMD; symbol: $) has been the national currency of Bermuda since 1970. ...
ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ...
Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ...
AST is UTC-4 The Atlantic Standard Time Zone (AST) is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting four hours from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), resulting in GMT-4 (UTC-4). ...
UTC redirects here. ...
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ...
.bm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bermuda. ...
This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ...
The area code (441) is the local telephone area code of Bermuda. ...
USD redirects here. ...
A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper (almost exclusively Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ...
The Atlantic Ocean, not including Arctic and Antarctic regions. ...
Regional definitions vary from source to source. ...
KM, Km, or km may stand for: Khmer language (ISO 639 alpha-2, km) Kilometre Kinemantra Meditation Knowledge management KM programming language KM Culture, Korean Movie Maker. ...
MI has several meanings. ...
This article is about the city in Florida. ...
This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ...
Motto: E Mari Merces(Latin) From the Sea, Wealth Coordinates: , Country Province Established April 1, 1996 Government - Type Regional Municipality - Mayor Peter Kelly - Governing body Halifax Regional Council - MPs List of MPs Alexa McDonough Geoff Regan Michael Savage Peter Stoffer (Bill Casey) (Gerald Keddy) (Peter MacKay) - MLAs List of MLAs...
A landmass is a large continuous area of land. ...
An aerial view of the Cape Hatteras Lighthouse prior to its 1999 relocation. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Largest metro area Charlotte metro area Area Ranked 28th - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²) - Width 150 miles (240 km) - Length 560[1] miles (900 km) - % water 9. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
The Acts of Union were a pair of Acts of Parliament passed in 1706 and 1707 (taking effect on 1 May 1707) by, respectively, the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. ...
Although commonly referred to in the singular, the territory consists of approximately 138 islands, with a total area of 53.3 km² (20.6 sq. mi.). Compiling a list of these islands is often complicated, as many have more than one name (as does the entire archipelago, which, in addition to its two official names, has historically been known as "La Garza", "Virgineola", and the "Isle of Devils"). Despite the limited land mass, there has also been a tendency for place names to be repeated; there are, for instance, two islands named "Long Island", three bays known as "Long Bay" and the town of St. George is located within the parish of St. George on the island of St. George (each known as St. George's), whereas Bermuda's capital, the City of Hamilton, lies in Pembroke Parish, not Hamilton Parish, on the largest island, "Main Island", which itself is sometimes called "Bermuda" (or "Great Bermuda"). Not to be confused with capitol. ...
City Hall in Hamilton. ...
Pembroke Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Hamilton Parish (originally Harrington Parish) is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Bermuda has a thriving economy, with a large financial sector and tourism industry giving it the world's highest GDP per capita in 2005. It has a sub-tropical climate, pink beaches, and cerulean blue oceans. Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. ...
Tourist redirects here. ...
Cerulean blue is a cerulean (light blue or azure) pigment used in artistic painting. ...
[edit] History -
 Aerial view of Bermuda looking west, with St. David's and St. George's in the foreground. Bermuda was discovered by the Europeans in the early 1500s, probably in 1503, according to some sources. It was certainly known by 1511, when Peter Martyr d'Anghiera published his Legatio Babylonica, which mentioned Bermuda, and the island was also included on Spanish charts of this year. The discovery is attributed to a Spanish explorer, Juan de Bermúdez. Both Spanish and Portuguese ships used the islands as a replenishment spot for fresh meat and water, but legends of spirits and devils, now thought to have stemmed only from the callings of raucous birds (most likely the Bermuda Petrel, or Cahow), and of perpetual, storm-wracked conditions (most early visitors arrived under such conditions), kept them from attempting any permanent settlement on the Isle of Devils. This is the history of Bermuda. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x758, 230 KB) Aerial view of Bermuda - Photo by Ministry of Tourism & Transport File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x758, 230 KB) Aerial view of Bermuda - Photo by Ministry of Tourism & Transport File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Frontispiece of De orbo novo Peter Martyr dAnghiera (in Italian, Pietro Martire Danghiera; in Spanish Pedro Mártir De Anghiera, Latin, Petrus Martyr Anglerius or ab Angleria) (February 2, 1457-October 1526) was an Italian-born historian of Spain and of the discoveries of her representatives during the...
Juan de Bermúdez (ber-moo-deth, -des) was a Spanish navigator of the 16th century. ...
The English word spirit comes from the Latin spiritus (breath). // The English word spirit comes from the Latin spiritus, meaning breath (compare spiritus asper), but also soul, courage, vigor, ultimately from a PIE root *(s)peis- (to blow). In the Vulgate, the Latin word translates Greek (πνευμα), pneuma (Hebrew (רוח) ruah), as...
Binomial name Pterodroma cahow (Nichols & Mowbray, 1916) The Bermuda Petrel is featured on the original Bermudian one dollar and ten dollar notes. ...
Bermúdez and Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo ventured to Bermuda in 1514 or 1515 with the intention to drop off a breeding stock of hogs on the island as a future stock of fresh meat for passing ships. The inclement weather prevented them from landing however.
Some years later, a Portuguese ship on the way home from San Domingo wedged itself between two rocks on the reef. The crew tried to salvage as much as they could and spent the next four months building a new hull from Bermuda cedar to return to their initial departure point. One of these stranded sailors is most likely the person who carved the initials "R" and "P", "1543" into Spanish Rock. The initials probably stood for "Rex Portugaline" and later were incorrectly attributed to the Spanish, leading to the misnaming of this rocky outcrop of Bermuda. Binomial name Juniperus bermudiana L. The Bermuda cedar (Juniperus bermudiana) is a species of juniper tree native to the British overseas territory of Bermuda. ...
For the next century, the island is believed to have been visited frequently but not permanently settled. The first two British colonies in Virginia had failed, and a more determined effort was initiated by King James I of England and VI of Scotland, who granted a Royal Charter to The Virginia Company. In 1609, a flotilla of ships left England under the Company's Admiral, Sir George Somers, to relieve the colony of Jamestown, settled two years before. Somers had previous experience sailing with both Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh. The flotilla was broken up by a storm, and the flagship, the Sea Venture, was wrecked off Bermuda (as depicted on the territory's Coat of Arms), leaving the survivors in possession of a new territory. (William Shakespeare's play The Tempest is thought to have been inspired by William Strachey's account of this shipwreck.) The island was claimed for the English Crown, and the charter of the Virginia Company was extended to include it. In 1615, the colony was passed to a new company, the Somers Isles Company (The Somers Isles remains an official name for the Colony), formed by the same shareholders. The close ties with Virginia were commemorated even after Bermuda's separation by reference to the archipelago in many Virginian place names, such as Bermuda City, and Bermuda Hundred. The first British coins in America were struck here. James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ...
The 1606 grants by James I to the London and Plymouth companies. ...
A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a flota of small ships, and this from French flotte), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. ...
Admiral Sir George Somers (1554-1610) was a British naval hero. ...
At Jamestown Settlement, replicas of Christopher Newports 3 ships are docked in the harbour. ...
Sir Francis Drake, c. ...
Alternatively, Professor Walter Raleigh was a scholar and author circa 1900. ...
The coat of arms of Bermuda features a representation of the wreck of the Sea Venture The Sea Venture was a 17th-century English sailing ship, the wrecking of which in Bermuda is widely thought to have been the inspiration for Shakespeares The Tempest. ...
The Coat of Arms of Bermuda show a red lion holding a shield that has a depiction of a sinking ship upon it. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
William Strachey (1572-1621) was an English writer and barrister, whose writings are among the primary sources for the history the English colonization of North America, and as one of the only narratives describing Powhatan society. ...
The Somers Isles Company was formed in 1615 to operate the English colony of the Somers Isles, alias the Islands of Bermuda, as a commercial venture. ...
Waterfront at City Point, Virginia (now Hopewell) in 1865 Hopewell is an independent city in the state of Virginia. ...
Bermuda Hundred was the first incorporated town in the English settlement of Virginia. ...
This article is about monetary coins. ...
 John Smith wrote one of the first Histories of Bermuda (in concert with Virginia and New England). Most of the survivors of the Sea Venture had carried on to Jamestown in 1610 aboard two Bermuda-built ships. Among these was John Rolfe, who left a wife and child buried in Bermuda, but in Jamestown would marry Pocahontas, a daughter of Powhatan. Rolfe was also single-handedly responsible for beginning Virginia's tobacco industry (the economic basis of the Colony had been intended to be lumber). Intentional settlement of Bermuda began with the arrival of the Plough, in 1612. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (651x992, 580 KB) Summary Cover of The Generall Historie of Virginia, New=England, and the Summer Isles (The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Somers Isles), by Captain John Smith, 1624. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (651x992, 580 KB) Summary Cover of The Generall Historie of Virginia, New=England, and the Summer Isles (The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Somers Isles), by Captain John Smith, 1624. ...
This article is about the U.S. state. ...
This article is about the region in the United States of America. ...
This article is about the Virginia colonist. ...
For other uses, see Pocahontas (disambiguation). ...
Chief Powhatan (detail of map published by John Smith (1612) Chief Powhatan (c. ...
With its limited land area, Bermuda has had difficulty ever since with population growth. In the first two centuries of settlement, it relied on steady emigration to keep the population manageable. Before the American Revolution, more than ten thousand Bermudians emigrated, primarily to the American South, where Great Britain was displacing Spain as the dominant European imperial power. A steady trickle of outward migration continued as, by the end of the eighteenth century, with seafaring being the only real industry, at least a third of the island's manpower was at sea at any one time. This limited land area and resources led to the creation of what may have been the earliest conservation laws of the New World, when in 1616 and 1620 Acts were passed banning the hunting of certain birds and young tortoises[1] The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war fought primarily between Great Britain and revolutionaries within thirteen of her North American colonies. ...
In 1649, the English Civil War raged and was highlighted this year by the execution of King Charles I in London. The execution would result subsequently in the outbreak of a Bermudian Civil War; it was ended by embodied militias. This created a strong sense of devotion to the crown for the majority of colonist and it forced those who would not swear allegiance, such as Puritans and Independents, into exile in the Bahamas[2].
In the seventeenth century, however, the Somers Isles Company suppressed shipbuilding as it needed Bermudians to farm if it were to generate income from the land. Agricultural production met with only limited success, however. The Bermuda cedar boxes used to ship tobacco to England were reportedly worth more than their contents. The colony of Virginia far surpassed Bermuda in both quality and quantity of tobacco produced. After the dissolution of the Somers Isle Company, Bermudians rapidly abandoned agriculture for shipbuilding, replanting farmland with the native juniper (Juniperus bermudiana, also called Bermuda cedar) trees that grew thickly over the whole island. Establishing effective control over the Turks Islands, Bermudians deforested their landscape to begin the salt trade that would become the world's largest, and remained the cornerstone of Bermuda's economy for the next century. Shredded tobacco leaf for pipe smoking Tobacco can also be pressed into plugs and sliced into flakes Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. ...
Binomial name Juniperus bermudiana L. Juniperus bermudiana is a species of juniper endemic to Bermuda. ...
Bermudian sailors would turn their hands to far more trades than supplying salt, however. Whaling, privateering, and the merchant trade were all pursued vigorously. The Bermuda sloop became highly regarded for its speed and manoeuvrability. Indeed, at the end of the Battle of Trafalgar, the Bermuda sloop HMS Pickle, one of the fastest vessels in the Royal Navy, raced back to England with news of the victory and the death of Admiral Lord Nelson. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2060x1367, 749 KB) Beach at Astwood Park, Bermuda - Photo by Ministry of Tourism & Transport File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2060x1367, 749 KB) Beach at Astwood Park, Bermuda - Photo by Ministry of Tourism & Transport File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
This article is about the concept in naval history. ...
1831 painting of a three-masted Bermuda sloop of the Royal Navy, entering a West Indies port. ...
Combatants United Kingdom First French Empire Kingdom of Spain Commanders Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson †Pierre Charles Silvestre de Villeneuve Strength 27 ships of the line and 6 others. ...
HMS Pickle was a 10-gun cutter of the Royal Navy. ...
This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ...
After the American Revolution, the Royal Navy began improving the harbours and built the large dockyard on Ireland Island, in the west of the chain, as its principal naval base guarding the western Atlantic Ocean shipping lanes. The British attacks that would result in the creation of "The Star-Spangled Banner" were planned and launched from Bermuda, the Royal Navy's 'North American Station'. It was here that the British soldiers conglomerated and were sent to attack Baltimore and Washington. Years after the war, Bermuda's Royal Naval Dockyard would be fortified against possible US attacks by James Arnold in 1816. Arnold was the son of famed US traitor, Benedict Arnold. [3] Today, the "Maritime Museum" stands on the site of the Old Commissioner's house in the Royal Naval Dockyard and houses artifacts of the base's military history. John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen...
This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ...
Storehouse Building, HMD Bermuda, Ireland Island, Bermuda. ...
Ireland Island is the northwesternmost island in the chain which comprises Bermuda. ...
As a result of Bermuda's proximity to the southeastern U.S. coast, it was regularly used by Confederate States blockade runners during the American Civil War to evade Union naval vessels and bring desperately needed war goods to the South from England. The old Globe Hotel in St. George's, which was a centre of intrigue for Confederate agents, is preserved as a museum open to the public. Motto: Deo Vindice (Latin: With God As Our Vindicator) Anthem: God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Danville, Virginia April 3–April 10, 1865 Largest city New Orleans February 4, 1861–May 1...
A blockade runner is a ship designed to provide vital supplies to countries or areas blockaded by enemy forces during wartime. ...
Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total...
In the early twentieth century, as modern transport and communication systems developed, Bermuda became a popular destination for wealthy American, Canadian and British tourists. In addition, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act enacted by the United States against its trading partners in 1930 cut off Bermuda's once-thriving agricultural export trade – primarily fresh vegetables to the US – spurring the overseas territory to develop its tourist industry, which is second behind international business in terms of economic importance to the island. In 1949 Henry Vassey, then Chairman of the Bermuda Trade Development Board, urged the House of Assembly of Bermuda to pursue a political union with Canada. Four Methodist church congregations in Bermuda are part of The United Church of Canada, forming Bermuda Presbytery of the United Church's Maritime Conference headquartered in Sackville, New Brunswick. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...
Representative W.C. Hawley, and Senator Reed Smoot shake hands in agreement on new tariff bill The Hawley-Smoot Tariff (or Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act)[1] was signed into law on June 17, 1930, and raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record levels, and, in...
[edit] Politics -
Executive authority in Bermuda is vested in The Queen and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor. The governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British Government. Defence and foreign affairs remain the responsibility of the United Kingdom, which also retains responsibility to ensure good government. It must approve any changes to the Constitution of Bermuda. Bermuda now exists as a dependent territory of Britain, but it is the oldest British colony. In 1620, a Royal Assent granted Bermuda limited self-governance, thus making Bermuda's Parliament the fourth oldest in the world, behind only England, Iceland and Poland[4] Politics of Bermuda takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic dependency, whereby the Premier is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ...
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ...
The Flag of the Governor of Bermuda The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdoms overseas territory of Bermuda. ...
The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ...
The Constitution of Bermuda came into force on June 1, 1967 and has been amended in 1989 and 2003. The head of government is the premier. A cabinet is nominated by the premier and appointed officially by the governor. The legislative branch consists of a bicameral parliament modelled on the Westminster system. The Senate is the upper house consisting of eleven members appointed by the governor on the advice of the premier and the leader of the opposition. The House of Assembly, or lower house, has thirty-six members elected by the eligible voting populace in secret ballot to represent geographically defined precincts. Elections must be called at no more than five-year intervals. The next general election is scheduled for December 18, 2007. is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ...
List of Premiers of Bermuda Political Parties UBP - United Bermuda Party PLP - Progressive Labour Party See also Politics of Bermuda List of Governors of Bermuda British overseas territory Lists of incumbents Categories: Bermuda | Lists of office-holders ...
In government, bicameralism is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. ...
The Houses of Parliament, also known as the Palace of Westminster, in London. ...
The Senate is One of three parts of the Parliament of Bermuda, the otehr two being the House of Assembly, and the Governor. ...
The House of Assembly is the lower house of the Parliament of Bermuda. ...
Politics of Bermuda Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Bermuda ...
is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
The most recent governor was Sir John Vereker, appointed on April 11, 2002. He left Bermuda in October, 2007, having announced his intention to do so in May. Sir Richard Hugh Turton Gozney KCMG is appointed to succeed Sir John and will take up his position in early December 2007. Deputy Governor, Mark Capes JP will serve in the interim as acting Governor. Sir John Vereker (born 9 August 1944) is the Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of the Island of Bermuda. ...
is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Also see: 2002 (number). ...
Sir Richard Hugh Turton Gozney KCMG, born 21 July 1951, is a British career diplomat, appointed Governor and Commander in Chief of Bermuda with effect from October 2007. ...
JP may refer to: Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian politician and social worker Pope John Paul I, pope of the Catholic Church, August-September 1978 Pope John Paul II, pope of the Catholic Church, 1978-2005 John Petrucci, guitarist and founding member of the progressive metal band Dream Theater Jonathan Putra, VJ...
Following his victory over former Premier Alex Scott at the Progressive Labour Party delegates' conference in October 2006, the current premier is Ewart Brown. The United Bermuda Party serves in opposition. The Progressive Labour Party leadership supports independence from the United Kingdom, although polls continue to indicate that this is not supported by the population. A referendum in 1995 on independence was defeated by a substantial margin. William Alexander Scott (born 1940) is the premier of Bermuda and the leader of the Progressive Labour Party since 29 July 2003. ...
The Progressive Labour Party is a political party in Bermuda. ...
Ewart Frederick Brown Jr. ...
The United Bermuda Party (UBP) is a moderate political party in Bermuda. ...
This politics-related article is a stub. ...
There are few accredited diplomats in Bermuda. The United States maintains the largest diplomatic mission in Bermuda - comprising both the United States Consulate and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Services at the Bermuda International Airport. U.S. Consul General Gregory W. Slayton is the U.S. Chief of Mission in Bermuda. Given that the United States is by far Bermuda's largest trading partner - providing over 80% of total imports, 85% of tourist visitors while there is an estimated $100 billion of U.S. capital in the Bermuda insurance/re-insurance industry alone - and the fact that an estimated 12 - 15% of Bermuda residents are U.S. citizens - American diplomatic presence is seen as an important element in the Bermuda political landscape. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security, is charged with regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, and enforcing U.S. trade laws. ...
Bermuda International Airport (IATA: BDA, ICAO: TXKF) is an airport in Ferry Reach, Bermuda, at the other end of the island from the capital, Hamilton, Bermuda. ...
[edit] Parishes and municipalities -
Bermuda is divided into nine parishes and two municipalities. Bermuda is divided into nine parishes and two municipalities. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ...
A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ...
Bermuda's nine parishes are:
Bermuda's two municipalities are: Devonshire Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Hamilton Parish (originally Harrington Parish) is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Paget Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Pembroke Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
St. ...
Sandys Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Smiths Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Southampton Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
Warwick Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. ...
City Hall in Hamilton. ...
St. ...
[edit] Military
 Remembrance Day Parade, Hamilton, Bermuda. -
Once known as the Gibraltar of the West, the defence of Bermuda remains the responsibility of the British Government. Until the American Revolutionary War, following which Bermuda became the Royal Navy's Western Atlantic headquarters, the Bermuda Government had maintained militia for the defence of the colony. Once the Royal Navy established a base and dockyard defended by regular soldiers, however, these militias became superfluous and were disbanded following the War of 1812. At the end of the nineteenth century, the colony did raise volunteer units to form a reserve for the military garrison. Image File history File links Rembrance_Day_Parade_Bermuda. ...
Image File history File links Rembrance_Day_Parade_Bermuda. ...
Military branches: The Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary Military expenditures - dollar figure: $NA Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA% Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the United Kingdom Reference This article was originally adapted from the CIA World Factbook 2000. ...
This article is about military actions only. ...
Lebanese Kataeb militia The term Militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary [1] citizens to provide defense, emergency, law enforcement, or paramilitary service, and those engaged in such activity, without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. ...
This article is about the U.S.–U.K. war. ...
The Volunteer (later, Territorial) Army units raised in Bermuda were created as part of an Imperial military garrison that existed primarily to protect the Royal Naval base, centred about the HM Dockyard on Ireland Island. ...
Due to its strategic location in the North Atlantic Ocean, Bermuda was vital to the Allies' war effort during both World Wars of the twentieth century, serving as a marshalling point for trans-Atlantic convoys, as well as a naval and air base (during the Second World War). Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...
In May 1940, the U.S. requested base rights in Bermuda from the United Kingdom, but British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was initially unwilling to accede to the American request without getting something in return.[5] In September, 1940, as part of the Destroyers for Bases Agreement, the United Kingdom granted the U.S. base rights in Bermuda. Bermuda and Newfoundland were not originally included in the agreement, but both were added to it, with no war material received in exchange. However, one of the terms of the agreement was that the airfield the US Army was to build in Bermuda would be used jointly by the US and the UK (which it was for the duration of the war, with RAF Transport Command relocating there from Darrell's Island in 1943). Construction began in 1941 of two airbases consisting of 5.8 km² (2¼ mi², 1,400 acres) of land, largely reclaimed from the sea. For many years, Bermuda's bases were used by U.S. Air Force and, later, Navy planes patrolling the Atlantic for enemy submarines, first German and, later, Soviet. Although leased for 99 years, U.S. forces withdrew in 1995, as part of the wave of base closures following the end of the Cold War. Churchill redirects here. ...
i love my mother The Destroyers for Bases Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom, September 2, 1940, transferred fifty destroyers from the United States Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions. ...
RAF Darrells Island during WWII. The Royal Air Force (RAF) operated from two locations in Bermuda during the Second World War. ...
For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ...
Canada, which had operated a war-time naval base, HMCS Somers Isles, on the old Royal Navy base at Convict Bay, St. George's, also established a radio-listening post at Daniel's Head, in the West End of the islands during this time.
In the 1950s, after the end of World War II, the Royal Naval dockyard and the military garrison were closed. A small supply base continued to operate within the dockyard area until it, too, was closed in 1995, along with the American and Canadian bases.
In both World War I and World War II, Bermudians served in British military forces. Amongst the latter was Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert, Bermuda's highest ranking soldier. After the war, he was instrumental in developing the Bermuda Regiment. A number of other Bermudians and children of Bermudians had preceded him into senior ranks, including Bahamian-born Admiral Lord James Gambier, and Bermudian-born Royal Marines Brigadier Harvey, who, when promoted to that rank at age 39, following his wounding at the Anzio landings, became the youngest-ever Royal Marine Brigadier. The Cenotaph memorial in front of the Cabinet Building (in Hamilton) was erected in tribute to Bermuda's Great War dead (the tribute was later extended to Bermuda's Second World War dead) and is the site of the annual Remembrance Day commemoration (see photo, above). “The Great War †redirects here. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
Glyn Gilbert receives the Military Cross from Field Marshall Montogomery. ...
Admiral John James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier RN (13 October 1756 New Providence, Bahamas – 19 April 1833 Iver, England), English admiral, was born in the Bahamas, while his father John Gambier was Lieutenant Governor of the Bahamas. ...
The Royal Marines (RM) are the marines and amphibious infantry of the United Kingdom and, along with the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary, form the Naval Service [2]. They are also the United Kingdoms amphibious force and specialists in mountain and Arctic warfare. ...
Operation Shingle (January 22, 1944), during the Italian Campaign of World War II, was an Allied amphibious landing against Axis forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno, Italy. ...
The Cenotaph, London A ceremony at the Cenotaph, London, on Sunday 12th June 2005, remembering Irish war dead Memorial Cenotaph, Hiroshima, Japan A cenotaph is a tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere. ...
Today, the only military unit remaining in Bermuda is the Bermuda Regiment, an amalgam of the voluntary units originally formed toward the end of the nineteenth century. Although the Regiment consists of 'voluntary units' there still exists conscription in which balloted males are required to serve for three years, two months part time, once they turn eighteen. The Bermuda Regiment Band A Command Centre during IS training. ...
[edit] Role in International Relations As an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom, Bermuda has no seat in the United Nations and is represented by the U.K. in foreign affairs. Bermuda's close proximity to the United States has made it the site of past summit conferences between British Prime Ministers and U.S. Presidents. The first summit was held in December, 1953, at the insistence of Prime Minister Winston Churchill to discuss relations with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Participants at the conference included Churchill, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and French Premier Joseph Laniel. In 1957, a second summit conference was held, this time Harold Macmillan was the British Prime Minister and he arrived earlier than President Eisenhower to make it clear that they were meeting on British territory, as tensions were still high regarding the conflict over the Suez Canal in the previous year. It was said the two discussed the general situation of the world. Macmillan would return in 1961 for the third summit with President John F. Kennedy, who was familiar with Bermuda having made numerous personal visits. The meeting was called to discuss the Cold War tensions arising from construction of the Berlin Wall. The most recent summit conference in Bermuda between the two powers occurred in 1971, when British Prime Minister Edward Heath met U.S. President Richard Nixon.[6]. UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
Churchill redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ...
Dwight David Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was a five-star General in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ...
Joseph Laniel, French prime minister Joseph Laniel (1889-1975) was a French politician of the Fourth Republic, who served as Prime Minister for a year from 1953 to 1954. ...
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 – 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ...
John Kennedy and JFK redirect here. ...
East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, November 20, 1961. ...
Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, OBE (9 July 1916 – 17 July 2005) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. ...
Nixon redirects here. ...
[edit] Geography -
Bermuda is located in the North Atlantic Ocean, roughly 580 nautical miles (1070 km, 670 mi) east-southeast of Cape Hatteras on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and roughly 590 nautical miles (1100 km, 690 mi) southeast of Martha's Vineyard (see map). It has 103 km (64 mi) of coastline. There are two incorporated municipalities in Bermuda: the City of Hamilton and the Town of St. George. Bermuda is divided into various "Parishes", in which there are some localities called "villages", such as Flatts Village, Tucker's Town and Somerset Village. Map of Bermuda. ...
Map of Bermuda. ...
Map of Bermuda North America with Bermuda circled This article describes the geography of Bermuda. ...
A nautical mile is a unit of distance, or, as physical scientists like to call it, length. ...
North Carolinas Outer Banks separating the Atlantic Ocean (east) from Albemarle Sound (north) and Pamlico Sound (south). ...
Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Largest metro area Charlotte metro area Area Ranked 28th - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²) - Width 150 miles (240 km) - Length 560[1] miles (900 km) - % water 9. ...
Map of Marthas Vineyard. ...
For other uses, see Corporation (disambiguation). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Local government of the United States. ...
City Hall in Hamilton. ...
St. ...
Flatts Village is a small settlement in Bermuda, lying on the northern bank of Flatts Inlet in Hamilton Parish, almost exactly between the territorys two municipalities, Hamilton and St. ...
Tuckers Town is a small settlement in St. ...
Somerset is a small village in the northwest of Bermuda, located in Sandys Parish. ...
Although Bermuda's latitude is similar to that of Savannah, Georgia, the subtropical climate of Bermuda is warmed by the nearby Gulf Stream. The climate is humid and, as a result, the summertime heat index can be high, even though mid-August temperatures rarely exceed 30°C (86°F). Winters are mild, with average daytime temperatures in January and February around 20°C (68°F), although the occasional Atlantic winter storms can produce powerful winds and heavy rain, with the "apparent air temperature" feeling like 5°C (40°F), even though the actual temperature rarely drops below 10°C (50°F). For the album by Ocean Colour Scene, see North Atlantic Drift (album) The Gulf Stream is orange and yellow in this representation of water temperatures of the Atlantic. ...
For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ...
The only source of fresh water in Bermuda is rainfall, which is collected on roofs and catchments (or drawn from underground lenses) and stored in tanks. Each dwelling usually has at least one of these tanks forming part of its foundation.
[edit] Economy -
Bermuda's currency is the Bermudian dollar, which is pegged to the US dollar. US notes and coins are used interchangeably with Bermudian notes and coins within the islands for most practical purposes, however banks levy a small exchange rate for the purchase of US dollars with Bermudian dollars.[7] Bermudian notes carry the image of HM Queen Elizabeth II. The Bermuda Monetary Authority is the issuing authority for all banknotes and coins, as well as being responsible for the regulation of financial institutions. There is a permanent exhibition of Bermuda notes and coins at the Royal Naval Dockyard museum. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (952x653, 570 KB)A selection of Bermudian Sterling and dollar banknotes. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (952x653, 570 KB)A selection of Bermudian Sterling and dollar banknotes. ...
The average price of a single family home is 1. ...
The dollar (ISO 4217 code: BMD; symbol: $) has been the national currency of Bermuda since 1970. ...
A fixed exchange rate, sometimes (less commonly) called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime wherein a currencys value is matched to the value of another single currency or to a basket of other currencies, or to another measure of value, such as gold. ...
The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor, born 21 April 1926), styled Her Majesty The Queen, is the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and...
Bermuda's per-capita income is approximately 50% higher than that of the United States; according to the Bermuda Government's Economic Statistics Division, Bermuda's GDP was $4.857 billion in 2005, or $76,403 per-capita, giving Bermuda the highest GDP per capita in the world.[8]
The affordability of housing has become a prominent issue over the past few years. The CIA World Factbook lists the average cost of a house in June 2003 as $976,000,[9] while real estate agencies have claimed that this figure had risen to $1.6 million by 2006,[10] and to $1.845 million by early 2007,[11] though such high figures have been disputed.[12]
Bermuda is an Offshore financial centre, which results from its low direct taxation on personal or corporate income. The local tax system is based upon import duties, payroll taxes and consumption taxes. The legal system is derived from that of the United Kingdom, with recourse to English courts of final appeal. An offshore financial centre (or OFC), although not precisely defined, is usually a low-tax, lightly regulated jurisdiction which specialises in providing the corporate and commercial infrastructure to facilitate the use of that jurisdiction for the formation of offshore companies and for the investment of offshore funds. ...
As the offshore domicile of many foreign companies, Bermuda has a highly-developed international business economy; it is a financial exporter of financial services (primarily insurance, reinsurance, investment funds and special purpose vehicles (SPV) ). An offshore financial centre (or OFC), although not precisely defined, is usually a low-tax, lightly regulated jurisdiction which specialises in providing the corporate and commercial infrastructure to facilitate the use of that jurisdiction for the formation of offshore companies and for the investment of offshore funds. ...
A financial export is a business service provided by a domestic firm (regardless of ownership) to a foreign firm within the scope of financial services. ...
Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ...
Reinsurance is a means by which an insurance company can protect itself against the risk of losses with other insurance companies. ...
Institutional fund management is fund management conducted by large financial firms such as banks, insurance companies and major investment organisations (e. ...
A special purpose entity (SPE) (formerly special purpose vehicle) is a firm created by a company to fulfill narrow or temporary objectives. ...
Large numbers of leading international insurance companies are based in Bermuda making the territory one of the world's largest reinsurance centres.[13] Those internationally owned and operated businesses that are physically based in Bermuda - of which there are around four hundred - are represented by the Association of Bermuda International Companies (ABIC). In total, over 1,500 exempted or international companies are currently registered with the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda.
Thanks to its favourable tax regime and a highly reactive regulatory framework Bermuda is the domicile of choice for the implementation of insurance related innovative solutions also known as Alternative Risk Transfer (ART). ART includes captive insurances, Finite Risk insurance and insurance securitization such as Cat bonds. Alternative Risk Transfer (often referred to as ART) is the use of techniques other than traditional insurance and reinsurance to provide risk bearing entiti
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