Bernard B. Fall (November 19, 1926-February 21, 1967) was a prominent war correspondent, historian, political scientist, and expert on Indochina during the 1950s and 1960s. is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... A war correspondent is a journalist who covers stories first-hand from a war zone. ... A historian is an individual who studies history and who writes on history. ... Indochina 1886 Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ... The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...

Born in Vienna, Austria, Fall was taken by his parents, Leon Fall and Anna Seligman, to live in France when Austria was united with Nazi Germany in 1938. After France fell to Germany in 1940, Leon Fall aided the French Resistance. Leon Fall was eventually arrested and executed by the Germans, while Seligman was deported to Germany, never to be heard from again. Fall followed in his father’s footsteps in 1942 and joined the French Resistance, after which time he fought the Germans in the Alps. As France was being liberated in 1944, Fall joined the French Army, which he served in until 1946. For his service, he was awarded the French Liberation Medal. Following World War II, Fall worked as an analyst for the Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal, in which capacity he investigated Krupp Industries. From 1948 to 1949, Fall studied at the University of Paris. From 1949 to 1950, he attended the University of Munich. For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre (Army of the land), is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces and the largest. ... The French Liberation Medal is a decoration of the French Republic which is issued to any veteran of the Second World War who participated in the European campaigns to liberate France from German occupation between 1944 and 1945. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Nuremberg Trials is the general name for two sets of trials of Nazis involved in World War II and the Holocaust. ... For the U.S. town, see Krupp, Washington. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: ) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganised as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... With approximately 48,000 students, the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (German: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München or LMU) is one of the largest universities in Germany. ...

After completing his studies in Europe, Fall traveled to the United States in 1950 on a Fulbright Scholarship, where he studied at the University of Maryland for a time. In 1951, Fall attended Syracuse University, where he received a masters degree in political science in 1952. Fall then took classes at The Johns Hopkins School for Advanced International Studies, where he was encouraged to study Indochina. Fall took the idea to heart. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Fulbright Program is program of educational grants (Fulbright Fellowships) sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the United States Department of State. ... The University of Maryland, College Park (also known as UM, UMD, or UMCP) is a public university located in the city of College Park, in Prince Georges County, Maryland, just outside Washington, D.C., in the United States. ... Syracuse University (SU) is a private nonsectarian research university located in Syracuse, New York. ... A masters degree is an academic degree usually awarded for completion of a postgraduate course of one or two years in duration. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political Science is the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behaviour. ... The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), based in Washington D.C., is one of the worlds most prestigious graduate schools devoted to the study of international affairs, economics, diplomacy, and policy research and education. ... Indochina 1886 Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ...

Not content to study Indochina from afar, Fall traveled to Vietnam in 1953, where the First Indochina War was being waged between French colonial forces and the Viet Minh. While in Vietnam, Fall, due to his French citizenship, was allowed to accompany French soldiers and pilots into enemy territory. Based on his observations, Fall predicted the French would eventually fail in Vietnam. When the French were defeated in the critical Battle of Dien Bien Phu, Fall claimed the United States was partly responsible for France’s loss. Fall believed that the United States did not support France to a sufficient extent during the First Indochina War. Combatants French Union France State of Vietnam Cambodia Laos Viet Minh Commanders French Expeditionary Corps Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1945-46) Jean-Étienne Valluy (1946-8) Roger Blaizot (1948-9) Marcel-Maurice Carpentier (1949-50) Jean de Lattre de Tassigny (1950-51) Raoul Salan (1952-3) Henri Navarre (1953-4... The Viet Minh (abbreviated from Việt Nam ộc Lập ồng Minh Hội, League for the Independence of Vietnam) was formed by Ho Ngoc Lam and Nguyen Hai Than in 1941 to seek independence for Vietnam from France. ... “Citizen” redirects here. ... Combatants French Union France State of Vietnam Hmong mercenaries Viet Minh Commanders Christian de Castries # Pierre Langlais # René Cogny Vo Nguyen Giap Strength As of March 13: 10,800[1] As of March 13: 48,000 combat personnel, 15,000 logistical support personnel[2] Casualties 2,293 dead, 5,195...

In 1954, Fall returned to the United States and married Dorothy Winer. In 1955, he earned a doctorate from Syracuse University and became an assistant professor at American University. In 1956, he taught international relations courses at Howard University. Fall became a full professor at Howard University in 1962 and taught there intermittently until his death. For other universities known as American University, see American University (disambiguation). ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      International relations (IR), a branch of political science, is the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states within the international system, including the roles of states, inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). ... Howard University is a university located in Washington, D.C., USA. An historically black university, Howard was established in 1867 by congressional order and named for Oliver O. Howard. ... The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ...

Never losing his interest in Indochina, Fall would return to the region five more times (in 1957, 1962, 1965, 1966, and 1967) in order to study developments there firsthand. Fall was eventually given a grant by the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization to study the development of Communism in Southeast Asia, which he used to observe the rise of Communist activity in Laos. However, Fall was particularly interested in the tensions between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. While teaching at the Royal Institute of Administration in Cambodia in 1962, Fall was invited to interview Ho Chi Minh and Pham Van Dong in Hanoi, where Ho Chi Minh told Fall his belief that Communism would prevail in South Vietnam in about a decade’s time. The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), created by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty or the Manila Pact, was an international organization for collective defense established on September 8, 1954. ... Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cá»™ng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the... Anthem Thanh niên Hành Khúc (Call to the Citizens) Capital Saigon Language(s) Vietnamese Government Republic Last President¹ Duong Van Minh Last Prime minister Vu Van Mau Historical era Cold War  - Regime change June 14, 1955  - Dissolution April 30, 1975 Area  - 1973 173,809 km² 67,108... For the city named after him, see Ho Chi Minh City. ... Pham Van Dong (March 1, 1906 – April 29, 2000) was an associate of Ho Chi Minh. ... Hanoi (Vietnamese: Hà Ná»™i, Hán Tá»±: 河内)  , estimated population 3,145,300 (2005), is the capital of Vietnam. ...

Fall himself supported the American military presence in South Vietnam, believing it could stop the country from falling to Communism. However, Fall was highly critical of Ngo Dinh Diem’s American-backed regime and the tactics used by the United States Military in Vietnam. As the conflict between the American forces and the Communists in Vietnam escalated throughout the 1960s, Fall became increasingly pessimistic about the U.S.’s chances of success, predicting that if it did not learn from France’s mistakes, it too would fail in Vietnam. Fall wrote extensive articles detailing his analysis of the situation in Vietnam, and lectured a great deal about his ideas on the Vietnam War. Fall’s research was considered invaluable to many U.S. diplomats and military officials, but his negative opinions were often not taken seriously. By 1964, Fall concluded that the U.S. forces in Vietnam were losing. Fall’s dire predictions caught the attention of the FBI, which began to monitor his activities.   «ngoh dihn zih-ehm» (January 3, 1901 – November 2, 1963) was the first President of South Vietnam (1955–1963). ... The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...

In 1967, while accompanying a platoon of U.S. Marines on the "Street Without Joy" in Vietnam, Fall stepped on a landmine and was killed, along with Gunnery Sergeant Byron G. Highland, a U.S. Marine Corps combat photographer. He was dictating notes into a tape recorder, which captured the following last words, just before the explosion: "We've reached one of our phase lines after the fire fight and it smells bad--meaning it's a little bit suspicious...Could be an amb--". Fall left behind his wife and three daughters. Platoon of the German Bundeswehr. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces. ... “Minefield” redirects here. ...

Although he had lived in the United States for many years, he never became a U.S. citizen.

Books

Fall wrote many books about his experiences in Vietnam, including The Viet-Minh Regime (1954), The Two Vietnams (1963), Viet-Nam Witness, 1953-66 (1966), and Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu (1966). Fall also wrote Anatomy of a Crisis: The Laotian Crisis of 1960-1961 (published 1969). Perhaps Fall’s most famous and important book was Street Without Joy (1961), which detailed the kind of warfare he had witnessed during his first trip to Vietnam. His last book, Last Reflections on a War (1967), was published after his death.

See also

• Autrefois, Maison Privée

Autrefois, Maison Privée is a pictorial book by Bill Burke and includes an essay by Bernard B. Fall and letter by Prince Sisowath Sirik Matak. ...

External links

• Website for biography, Bernard Fall: Memories of a Soldier-Scholar, includes first chapter ("The Last Departure") and 48 photographs [retrieved January 28, 2007]
• "A Casualty Of War and Then of Love", David Chanoff, The Washington Post, October 3, 2006; Page C02.
• "The unquiet Frenchman", an interview with Dorothy Winer Fall by Sarah Stillman, October 6, 2006