NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Berrima, New South Wales

Berrima is a village in the Southern Highlands district on the old Hume Highway between Canberra and Sydney, Australia, and is now popular with visitors from both cities, especially on weekends. It was previously known officially as Town of Berrima. Slogan or Nickname: First State, Premier State Motto(s): Orta Recens Quam Pura Nites (Newly Risen, How Brightly You Shine) Other Australian states and territories Capital Sydney Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Professor Marie Bashir Premier Morris Iemma (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 50 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1184 Ã— 888 pixel, file size: 238 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Berrima Courthouse, 19th Century building in the historic settlement of Berrima, New South Wales, Australia Cfitzart 02:35, 22 August 2005 (UTC) I took the... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Australian postcodes have four digits; envelopes for posting from Australia reflect this. ... â€¹ The template below (Unit of length) is being considered for deletion. ... This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ... Location of Goulburn in New South Wales (red) Court house opened 1887 Goulburn is a provincial cathedral city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Goulburn Mulwaree Council. ... Map of Local Government Areas in New South Wales Types of LGAs in New South Wales The Local Government Areas of New South Wales, Australia have been subject to periodic bouts of restructuring and rationalisation by the State Government, involving voluntary and involuntary amalgamation of areas. ... Wingecarribee is a Local Government Area (LGA) southwest of Sydney named after the Wingecarribee River, which flows through it. ... Parish Hall of St. ... The Parish of Berrima is a parish of the County of Camden in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales. ... State Electoral District is a term used to refer to a voting area within Australian states. ... Southern Highlands is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. ... The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. ... The Division of Hume is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales. ... The Southern Highlands is a geographical area in New South Wales, Australia, southwest of Sydney. ... The Old Hume Highway may be described as any part of an earlier route of the Hume Highway, which traverses Victoria and New South Wales between the cities of Melbourne and Sydney in Australia. ... For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 4. ...

History

The name Berrima is believed to derive from an Aboriginal word meaning either ‘southward’ or ‘black swan’.^[1] The area around Berrima was once occupied by the Dharawal Aborigines. They had, in effect, been driven off or killed by the 1870s.^[2] Languages Several hundred indigenous Australian languages (many extinct or nearly so), Australian English, Australian Aboriginal English, Torres Strait Creole, Kriol Religions Primarily Christian, with minorities of other religions including various forms of Traditional belief systems based around the Dreamtime Related ethnic groups see List of Indigenous Australian group names Indigenous... Tharawal may refer to: Tharawal people Tharawal language This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

The Wingecarribee River and the area was first visited during the late 1790s, including a 1798 expedition led by an ex-convict, John Wilson. However, John and Hamilton Hume rediscovered the area in 1814. The area was explored by Charles Throsby in 1818. Runs were taken up soon after, including by one by Charles Throsby. Harper’s Mansion, which is on a hill overlooking the town, was built from 1829 – 1830. Bong Bong had been planned as a major town for the County, but as it was flood prone, the New South Wales Surveyor-General Thomas Mitchell chose Berrima town site on the road running south from Sydney to Goulburn with the intention that the town be the chief centre for southern New South Wales. The survey was conducted in 1830 and the town plan was approved in 1831. As well as being an administrative centre, there were ambitions that the town might become a commercial and manufacturing centre, “where the wool of Argyle and Camden might be made into cloth and the hide into leather”. The Wingecarribee River rises on the heights at Robertson, home of Babe the pig. ... Hamilton Hume Hamilton Hume (19 June 1797-19 April 1873) was an Australian explorer. ... Charles Throsby (1771 - 1828) was an Australian explorer who opend up much new land beyond the Blue Mountains. ... Bong Bong was a small township in the Southern Highlands in New South Wales, Australia. ... 1838 map of Victoria and New South Wales showing towns, major rivers and the limits of the Colony at the time. ... Argyle County, New South Wales was one of the original Nineteen Counties in New South Wales and is now one of the 141 Cadastral divisions of New South Wales. ... Camden County, New South Wales was one of the original Nineteen Counties in New South Wales and is now one of the 141 Cadastral divisions of New South Wales. ...

The court house (see below) was built between 1833 and 38. The gaol (see below) was built from 1835 by convict labour and opened in 1839. The Surveyor-General Inn was built in 1835. It has been continuously licensed since 1839 and its claim to the earliest hotel rests on its continual license and being in the original building. Berrima prospered as being at a point on the Old Hume Highway, and there were fourteen hotels in or near the town in the 1840s. However, with the building of the railway which bypassed the town, the population decreased — no new houses were built for a hundred years. In 1896, Sir Henry Parkes, Premier of New South Wales, planted an oak tree near the post office. The Berrima cement works were established in 1929. The Old Hume Highway may be described as any part of an earlier route of the Hume Highway, which traverses Victoria and New South Wales between the cities of Melbourne and Sydney in Australia. ... Sir Henry Parkes Sir Henry Parkes GCMG, (27 May 1815 â€“ 27 April 1896) was an Australian politician, also called the Father of Federation because he was the one who started Federation for Australians and is at least considered the most prominent among the Australian Founding Fathers. ... Before the 1890s, there was no formal party system in New South Wales. ... In the most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. ...

There are many historic buildings in the town and the village as a whole is listed on the Register of the National Estate. Other notable buildings include the Holy Trinity Anglican Church designed by Edmund Blacket and built in 1849; and the St Francis Xavier Catholic Church built 1849-51 designed by Augustus Pugin, a notable British architect of Gothic-revival buildings.^[3] The Berrima Village Trust was established in 1963 to preserve historic buildings. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 620 KB) Summary Blue Circle Southern Cement factory near Berrima, New South Wales, Australia. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 620 KB) Summary Blue Circle Southern Cement factory near Berrima, New South Wales, Australia. ... Boral ASX: BLD is a multinational company dealing in building and construction materials. ... Edmund Thomas Blacket (25 August 1817 â€“ 9 February 1883) was an Australian architect. ... Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (March 1, 1812â€“September 14, 1852) was an English-born architect, designer and theorist of design now best remembered for his work on churches and on the Houses of Parliament. ...

Berrima Court House

Berrima Court House was built between 1836 and 1838.^[4] It was designed by the Colonial Architect, Mortimer Lewis, in the Roman style. Four Doric columns support a Classical pediment.^[5] The building is now stylistically classified as Georgian design. It is built of sandstone. There were a number of problems in building the court house; the first architect had resigned and three builders were involved. The New South Wales Government Architect // Francis Greenway 1816-1822 The first official architect for the colony of New South Wales in a role that would become the New South Wales Government Architect was Francis Greenway. ... The New South Wales Government Architect // Francis Greenway 1816-1822 The first official architect for the colony of New South Wales in a role that would become the New South Wales Government Architect was Francis Greenway. ... The Doric order was one of the three orders or organizational systems of Ancient Greek or classical architecture; the other two canonic orders being the Ionic and the Corinthian. ... From the point of view of modern times, the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean sometimes seem to blend smoothly into one melange we call the Classical. ... A pediment is a classical architectural element consisting of a triangular section or gable found above the horizontal superstructure (entablature) which lies immediately upon the columns. ... A Georgian styled house in Salisbury. ...

The first quarter sessions were held at the court house in 1841. In 1843, the first trial by jury in the colony of New South Wales was held here. The assize courts were only continued for seven years. In 1850 the district court moved to Goulburn south of Berrima. Minor courts continued at Berrima until 1873. Notable trials were of John Lynch who was hung for the murder of at least nine people, and of Lucretia Dunkley and her lover Martin Beech who were both hanged in 1843 for the murder of Dunkley’s husband. Dunkley was the only woman hanged at Berrima gaol. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jury. ... Location of Goulburn in New South Wales (red) Court house opened 1887 Goulburn is a provincial cathedral city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Goulburn Mulwaree Council. ...

Berrima Gaol

Berrima Gaol was built over five years with much work done by convicts in irons. Conditions at the gaol were harsh, prisoners spent most of their days in cells and the only light was through a small grate set in the door. In 1866 the gaol was renovated to the standards described by the prison reform movement for a “model prison”. However, Berrima gaol had solitary confinement cells which measured 8 feet by 5 feet, some smaller, where it was intended that all prisoners spent one year. In 1877 a Royal Commission was held to investigate allegations of cruelty by the prison authorities but the complaints were not upheld. Berrima Correctional Centre is an Australian female prison located at Berrima, New South Wales, Australia. ...

During World War I the army used Berrima gaol as a German Prisoner Internment Camp. Most of the 329 internees were enemy aliens from shipping companies. There were German officers from Rabaul, German New Guinea (what is now Papua New Guinea) and also sailors from the cruiser “Emden”. It has been suggested that the prisoners' cheerful behaviour and the liberal atmosphere promoted by the authorities were a model of mutual respect.^{[citation needed]} â€œThe Great War â€ redirects here. ... A view from Rabaul Volcano Observatory across the relatively undamaged western half of Rabaul and towards Tavurur Rabaul, Papua New Guinea, was the headquarters of German New Guinea and then the Australian mandatory territory of New Guinea from 1910 until 1937, the base of Japanese activities in the South Pacific... German New Guinea (Ger. ...

References

Notes

^ (1987) in Graeme Aplin, S.G. Foster and Michael McKernan (eds.): Australians Events and Places. Broadway, New South Wales, Australia: Fairfax, Syme and Weldon Associates. ISBN 0-949288-17-9.
^ Walkabout Berrima. Fairfax Digital. Retrieved on 2006-01-30.
^ Steve Meacham (2003). A genius in his Gothic splendour. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 2006-01-30.
^ Berrima Court House (Former). NSW Heritage Office. Retrieved on August 7, 2006.
^ (1998) in Robert Irving (consultant architectural historian): Reader’s Digest book of Historic Australian Towns, 2nd Edition, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia: Reader’s Digest (Australia), pp. 56,58. ISBN 0-86449-271-5.
^ Greg Appel (2003). Berrima Gaol From The Inside Out. Radio National's Street Stories. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved on 2006-01-30.

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 219th day of the year (220th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

General

Coordinates: 34°29′S, 150°21′E Moorabbin is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia located approximately 16 kilometers south-east of the Melbourne CBD. Its Local Government Area is the City of Kingston. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Coordinates: 34°29′S, 150°21′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

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