Berta Maria Júlia Lutz (b. August 2, 1894, São Paulo; d. September 16, 1976, Rio de Janeiro) was a zoologist and scientist, and also a leading figure of feminism in Brazil. August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... São Paulo São Paulo is a state in Brazil. ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... 1976 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Ipanema beach Cristo Redentor A NASA satellite image of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro (meaning River of January in Portuguese) is the name of both a state and a city in southeastern Brazil. ... Zoology (Greek zoon = animal and logos = word) is the biological discipline which involves the study of animals. ... This article is about the profession. ... Feminism is a diverse collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies, largely motivated by or concerning the experiences of women, especially in terms of their social, political, and economic situation. ...

She was born in São Paulo. Her father was a famous physician and epidemiologist of Swiss origin, Adolfo Lutz (1855-1940), and her mother an English nurse, Amy Fowler. Berta Lutz studied natural sciences, biology and zoology at the University of Paris (Sorbonne). Returning to Brazil, she dedicated herself to the study of amphibians. The Lutz's Rapids Frog (Paratelmatobius lutzii, Lutz and Carvalho, 1958), was described by her. In 1919 she was hired by the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, a fact which achieved great repercussion in the country, because the access to public jobs was barred to women at that time. Later she became a naturalist at the Section of Botany at the same institution. Adolfo Lutz is a Brazilian physician, 1855-1940. ... The term natural science as the way in which different fields of study are defined is determined as much by historical convention as by the present day meaning of the words. ... Main articles: Life All organisms (viruses not included) consist of cells, which in turn, are based on a common carbon-based biochemistry. ... Zoology (Greek zoon = animal and logos = word) is the biological discipline which involves the study of animals. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The Sorbonne today, from the same point of view La Sorbonne was the name of the former University of Paris, in Paris, France, one among the most ancient in Europe. ... For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... The Museu Nacional at its first location on Campo de SantAnna, todays Praça da República, at the centre of Rio, ca. ...

In 1918, Berta returned to Brazil and spoke out for a feminist movement to begin. After seeing the advancements made by European and United States women towards the feminist movements, she could see that Brazilian women could also help out with the movement by lending whatever aid they could to the organization. In 1922, Berta attended the Pan American Conference of Women and was advised by Paulina Luisi and Carrie Chapman Catt. Following the Conference, Berta drew up the constitution for a group named the Brazilian Federation of Feminine Progress. Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ... World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... Suffrage parade in New York City on May 6, 1912 The Feminist movement (also known as the Womens Movement and Womens Liberation) campaigns on issues such as reproductive rights, domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, discrimination and sexual violence. ... Paulina Luisi was a leader of the feminist movement in the country of Uruguay. ... Carrie Lane Chapman Catt (January 9, 1859 _ March 9, 1947) was an American womens rights activist. ...

In 1932, the women of Brazil earned the right to vote due to Lutz and her organization.

As a politician, Berta Lutz was elected a deputy federal representative in 1934, after failing two successive ballots. Her main political platform was changing worker's legislation in relation to women's right to work, child labor, gender equality in wages and rights, the lawful right to maternity leave. She lost her mandate when Getúlio Vargas closed down both legislative chambers in 1937. A politician is an individual involved in politics. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Child labour or labor is the term for the employment of children. ... Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ... Parental leave is the right to take time off work, paid or unpaid, to care for your child or make arrangements for your childs welfare. ... Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (April 19, 1882 - August 24, 1954) was the president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and from 1950 to his suicide in 1954. ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

See also

• Women's suffrage
• Feminism

The international movement for womens suffrage, led by suffragists (commonly called suffragettes), was a social, economic and political reform movement aimed at extending the suffrage (that is, the right to vote) to women, advocating equal suffrage (abolition of graded votes) rather than universal suffrage (abolition of discrimination due to... Feminism is a diverse collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies, largely motivated by or concerning the experiences of women, especially in terms of their social, political, and economic situation. ...

External links

• Berta Lutz: Biografia. Getúlio Vargas Foundation CPDOC (In Portuguese)
• Berta Lutz: Biografia. Mundo Físico (In Portuguese)