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Encyclopedia > Beta cells

Beta cells are a type of cell in the pancreas in areas called the islets of Langerhans. Beta cells make and release insulin, a hormone that controls the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.


There are two types of insulin production in beta cells: baseline and triggered by elevated blood glucose (and other stimulants) levels. This on demand release is quite quick (approx 10 minutes) because it involves storage release as well as initiating new production.


Destruction or dysfunction of beta cells (combined with other factors) is the cause of diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetes mellitus type 2 respectively.


Apart from insulin, beta cells release into bloodstream (in equimolar quantities) so called C-peptide that can be regarded as a by-product of insulin production. Measuring C-peptide can give an idea of viable beta cell mass.


A rare type of cancer derived from beta cells is called insulinoma. It results in recurrent and prolonged attacks of hypoglycemia.


See also


Endocrine system - pancreas Edit (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=MediaWiki:Endocrine_pancreas&action=edit)

Islets of Langerhans - alpha cell _ beta cell _ delta cell - PP cell



  Results from FactBites:
 
NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Beta cell (797 words)
Beta cells are a type of cell in the pancreas in areas called the islets of Langerhans.
Alpha cells are endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.
Beta Cell Development A goal of this RFA is to attract expertise in developmental genetics, embryology, stem cell biology, and diabetes and to stimulate collaborative interdisciplinary approaches to the study of beta cell development.
NIDDK: Imaging the Pancreatic Beta Cell - April 24-25, 2006 (185 words)
The purpose of the Imaging the Pancreatic Beta Cell in Health and Disease, Third Workshop on April 24-25, 2006, at the L’Enfant Plaza Hotel, 480 L’Enfant Plaza, Washington, DC 20024, is to explore progress in the field of imaging or otherwise visualizing the pancreatic islet cell mass to assess its funcitionality in health and disease.
The workshop will showcase studies aimed at visualizing the pancreatic islet and/or beta cell in vivo, so as to elucidate the natural history of islet destruction underlying diabetes pathogenesis and to monitor survival during disease therapy.
Identifying beta cell surface targets and ligands for imaging.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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