Betta
Betta albimarginata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes Family: Osphronemidae Genus: Betta
Species
B. persephone B. picta - spotted betta B. pugnax - Penang betta B. splendens - Siamese fighting fish Binomial name Regan, 1910 The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish, native to the Mekong basin in Southeast Asia and called pla-kad in its native Thailand. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2493x1425, 825 KB) Summary FEB2006 Photo taken by user de:Benutzer:BS Thurner Hof Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Betta ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ... Families many, see text The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, include about 40% of all fish and are the largest order of vertebrates. ... Genera Belontiinae Belontia Luciocephalus/Trichogastrinae Colisa Ctenops Luciocephalus Parasphaerichthys Polyacanthus Sphaerichthys Trichogaster Macropodinae Betta Macropodus Malpulutta Parosphromenus Pseudosphromenus Trichopsis Osphroneminae Belontia Osphronemus The gouramies are a family Osphronemidae of freshwater perciform fish. ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Betta persephone (Schaller, 1986) Betta persephone is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta picta (Valenciennes, 1846) The spotted betta (Betta picta) is a freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1849) The Penang betta, Betta pugnax, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta splendens (Regan, 1910) The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish. ... and others (see text)

Betta Bleeker, 1850 is a large genus of small, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes in the gourami family (Osphronemidae). The type species is B. picta, the spotted betta.^[1] By far the best known Betta species, however, is B. splendens, the Siamese fighting fish. Pieter Bleeker (1819 - 1878) was a Dutch medical doctor and ichthyologist, famous for his work on the fishes of East Asia. ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Fresh water redirects here. ... Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ... Genera Belontiinae Belontia Luciocephalus/Trichogastrinae Colisa Ctenops Luciocephalus Parasphaerichthys Polyacanthus Sphaerichthys Trichogaster Macropodinae Betta Macropodus Malpulutta Parosphromenus Pseudosphromenus Trichopsis Osphroneminae Belontia Osphronemus The gouramies are a family Osphronemidae of freshwater perciform fish. ... The hierarchy of scientific classification In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. ... A type species fixes the name of a genus (or of a taxon in a rank lower than genus). ... Binomial name Betta picta (Valenciennes, 1846) The spotted betta (Betta picta) is a freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Regan, 1910 The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish, native to the Mekong basin in Southeast Asia and called pla-kad in its native Thailand. ...

Characteristics

All the Betta species are small fishes, but they vary considerably in size, ranging from under 2.5 cm (1 inch) total length in B. chanoides to 14 cm (5.5 inches) in the Akar betta (B. akarensis).^[1] This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...

Bettas are anabantoids, which means they can breathe atmospheric air thanks to a unique organ called the labyrinth. This accounts for their ability to thrive in low-oxygen water conditions that would kill most other fish, such as rice paddies, slow-moving streams, drainage ditches, and large puddles. ^[2] Families[1] Anabantidae Helostomatidae Osphronemidae The Anabantoidei or labyrinth fishes are a suborder of perciform ray-finned fishes distinguished by their possession of a lung-like labyrinth organ, which enables them to breathe air. ... A much folded suprabranchial accessory breathing organ found in Anabantoidei. ...

The various bettas can be divided into two groups, based on their spawning behaviour: some build bubble nests, like B. splendens, while others are mouthbrooders, like B. picta. The mouthbrooding species are sometimes called "pseudo bettas", and are sometimes speculated to have evolved from the nest-builders in an adaptation to their fast-moving stream habitats.^[3] An exceptionally large nest Bubble nests are created by male Betta/Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens) from air bubbles coated with saliva to increase durability. ... A female Cyphotilapia frontosa mouthbrooding fry which can be seen looking out her mouth Mouthbrooding, also known as oral incubation and buccal incubation, is the care given by some groups of animals to their offspring by holding them in the mouth of the parent for extended periods of time. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... For other uses, see Adaptation (disambiguation). ...

Food

Betta fish are not big eaters but should be fed a small amount once or twice a day. They can be fed floating flake food, freeze dried blood worms, live black worms, or frozen brine shrimp.

Name

There is often much confusion in terminology regarding these fish. So-called "Siamese fighting fish", B. splendens, are frequently sold in the United States simply as "bettas." Fish fanciers are thus often unaware that, as of 2006, there are around 65 species classified within the genus Betta. A further source of confusion is that while the generic name Betta is italicized and capitalized, when used as a common name it is usually not capitalized. ^[4] The common name of Betta pugnax, for example, is thus Penang betta. Binomial name Regan, 1910 The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish, native to the Mekong basin in Southeast Asia and called pla-kad in its native Thailand. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... In science, a common name is any name by which a species or other concept is known that is not the official scientific name. ... Binomial name Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1849) The Penang betta, Betta pugnax, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ...

Siamese fighting fish, B. splendens, is often referred to as betta in the U.S., leading to some confusion

The name Betta (or betta) is pronounced /ˈbɛtə/.^[4]That is, the first part is the same as the English word bet. By confusion with the name of the Greek letter beta, the name is often pronounced /ˈbeɪtə/ in American English, and may be misspelled with one t. The name of the genus is unrelated to that of the Greek letter, being derived from ikan bettah, in a local language in Thailand.^[1] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2204x1568, 1344 KB) Kampffisch (betta splendens) Source/Quelle: Fotografiert von Marcel Burkhard alias cele4 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Gourami Siamese fighting fish ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2204x1568, 1344 KB) Kampffisch (betta splendens) Source/Quelle: Fotografiert von Marcel Burkhard alias cele4 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Gourami Siamese fighting fish ... Binomial name Regan, 1910 The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish, native to the Mekong basin in Southeast Asia and called pla-kad in its native Thailand. ... This page contains special characters. ... Beta (upper case Î’, lower case β) is the second letter of the Greek alphabet. ... For other uses, see American English (disambiguation). ...

Conservation

While many Betta species are common and B. splendens is ubiquitous in the aquarium trade, other bettas are threatened. The IUCN Red List classifies several Betta species as Vulnerable. In addition, B. livida is Endangered, and B. miniopinna, B. persephone, and B. spilotogena are Critically Endangered.^[5] The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Binomial name Ng & Kottelat, 1992 Betta livida is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ... Binomial name Tan & Tan, 1994 Betta miniopinna is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ... Binomial name Betta persephone (Schaller, 1986) Betta persephone is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Ng & Kottelat, 1994 Betta spilotogena is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ...

The United Nations Environment Programme lists an unconfirmed species, Betta cf. tomi, as having become extinct in Singapore between 1970 and 1994.^[6] This likely refers to the extirpated Singaporean population of B. tomi, which continues to exist in the wild in Indonesia and Malaysia as well as in captivity; the Red List classifies it as Vulnerable.^[7][8] Klaus Töpfer, former UNEP Exec. ... In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of species. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... Extirpation is the localized extinction of a species. ...

Species

The currently described Betta species can be grouped into "complexes" for conservation purposes. (This grouping of species makes no claim at representing a taxonomic reality.) The complexes of the associated species are:^{[1] [9] [10]}

• Akarensis complex:
  • Betta akarensis Regan, 1910 – Akar betta
  • Betta antoni Tan & Ng, 2006
  • Betta aurigans Tan & Ng, 2004
  • Betta balunga Herre, 1940
  • Betta chini Ng, 1993
  • Betta ibanorum Tan and Ng, 2004
  • Betta obscura Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta pinguis Tan and Kottelat, 1998

• Albimarginata complex:
  • Betta albimarginata Kottelat and Ng, 1994
  • Betta channoides Kottelat and Ng, 1994

• Anabatoides complex:
  • Betta anabatoides Bleeker, 1851 – giant betta

• Bellica complex:
  • Betta bellica Sauvage, 1884 – slim betta
  • Betta simorum Tan and Ng, 1996

• Coccina complex:
  • Betta brownorum Witte and Schmidt, 1992
  • Betta burdigala Kottelat and Ng, 1994
  • Betta coccina Vierke, 1979
  • Betta livida Ng and Kottelat, 1992
  • Betta miniopinna Tan and Tan, 1994
  • Betta persephone Schaller, 1986
  • Betta rutilans Witte and Kottelat in Kottelat, 1991
  • Betta tussyae Schaller, 1985
  • Betta uberis Tan & Ng, 2006

• Dimidiata complex:
  • Betta dimidiata Roberts, 1989
  • Betta krataios Tan & Ng, 2006

• Edithae complex:
  • Betta edithae Vierke, 1984

• Foerschi complex:
  • Betta foerschi Vierke, 1979
  • Betta mandor Tan & Ng, 2006
  • Betta rubra Perugia, 1893 – Toba betta
  • Betta strohi Schaller and Kottelat, 1989

• Picta complex:
  • Betta falx Tan and Kottelat, 1998
  • Betta picta (Valenciennes, 1846) – spotted betta
  • Betta simplex Kottelat, 1994
  • Betta taeniata Regan, 1910 – Borneo betta

• Pugnax complex:
  • Betta breviobesus Tan and Kottelat, 1998
  • Betta cracens Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta enisae Kottelat, 1995
  • Betta fusca Regan, 1910 – dusky betta
  • Betta lehi Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta pallida Schindler & Schmidt, 2004
  • Betta prima Kottelat, 1994
  • Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1849) – Penang betta
  • Betta pulchra Tan and Tan, 1996
  • Betta raja Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta schalleri Kottelat and Ng, 1994
  • Betta stigmosa Tan & Ng, 2005

• Splendens complex:
  • Betta imbellis Ladiges, 1975 – crescent betta
  • Betta mahachai Panitvong, Nonn, 2002 –
  • Betta smaragdina Ladiges, 1972 – emerald green betta
  • Betta splendens Regan, 1910 – Siamese fighting fish
  • Betta stiktos Tan & Ng, 2005

• Unimaculata complex:
  • Betta compuncta Tan & Ng, 2006
  • Betta gladiator Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta ideii Tan & Ng, 2006
  • Betta macrostoma Regan, 1910 – spotfin betta
  • Betta ocellata de Beaufort, 1933
  • Betta pallifina Tan & Ng, 2005
  • Betta patoti Weber and de Beaufort, 1922
  • Betta unimaculata (Popta, 1905) – Howong betta

• Waseri complex:
  • Betta chloropharynx Kottelat and Ng, 1994
  • Betta hipposideros Ng and Kottelat, 1994
  • Betta pi Tan, 1998
  • Betta renata Tan, 1998
  • Betta spilotogena Ng and Kottelat, 1994
  • Betta tomi Ng and Kottelat, 1994
  • Betta waseri Krummenacher, 1986

• unassigned:
  • Betta apollon Schindler & Schmidt, 2006
  • Betta bangka
  • Betta bungbihn
  • Betta ferox Schindler & Schmidt, 2006
  • Betta sukadan

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Category:Betta

Binomial name Kottelat & Ng, 1994 Betta burdigala is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ... Binomial name Ng & Kottelat, 1992 Betta livida is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ... Binomial name Tan & Tan, 1994 Betta miniopinna is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ... Binomial name Betta persephone (Schaller, 1986) Betta persephone is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta picta (Valenciennes, 1846) The spotted betta (Betta picta) is a freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta picta (Valenciennes, 1846) The spotted betta (Betta picta) is a freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1849) The Penang betta, Betta pugnax, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta pugnax (Cantor, 1849) The Penang betta, Betta pugnax, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the gourami family (Osphronemidae) of order Perciformes. ... Binomial name Betta splendens (Regan, 1910) The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish. ... Binomial name Regan, 1910 The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) is one of the most popular species of freshwater aquarium fish, native to the Mekong basin in Southeast Asia and called pla-kad in its native Thailand. ... Binomial name Ng & Kottelat, 1994 Betta spilotogena is a species of fish in the Belontiidae family. ...

External links

• Betta at the Open Directory Project

The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz (from , its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links owned by Netscape that is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors. ...

References