Bhai Mani Singh

Bhai Mani Singh a great Sikh scholar and illustrious Martyr, came, according to Bhai Kesar Singh ji Chhibbar, his contemporary, of a Kamboj family, but according to Giani Gian Singh Dullat [1822-1921], author of Panth Parkash, of a Dullat Jatt family of Kamboval village (now extinct), near Sunam, in Sangrur district of the Punjab. Since Giani Gian Singh was himself a Dullat Jatt, he has probably intentionally or otherwise, errored in claiming or writing Bhai Mani Singh as one of his great grand fathers, in order to claim a place of honor for his family in Sikh history. On critical review of Giani's own family history, its chronology and other relevant issues in the light of available physical evidence, it is almost impossible to accept Giani Gian Singh's claim on Bhai Mani Singh. Even in the well-known classic Punjabi Mahankosh, the distinguished Sikh scholar of 20th century, Bhai Kahn Singh Nabhha, clarifies that the Dullat Jatt ethnicity of Bhai Mani Singh is being pressed forward solely and solely by Giani Gian Singh alone. Numerous other scholars/writers, on the other hand, invest Bhai Sahib ji with a Kamboj ethnicity (See: Mahankosh, Bhasha Vibhag, Third Edition, 1974, p 951, fn, Bhai Kahan Singh Nabha). Image File history File links Bmani. ... Image File history File links Bmani. ... A Sikh man wearing a turban A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism, a religious faith originating in the Punjab. ... Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for their religious faith, such as during the persecution of early Christians in the Roman Empire. ... Look up Kamboj in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Kamboj is frequently used as surname or last name by many Kambojs, currently living in India. ... Jatt refers to group of people who mainly lived in Punjab. ... Sangrur is one of the districts of Punjab. ... Punjab, 1903 Punjab Province, 1909 The Punjab (Meaning: Land of five Rivers) (also Panjab, Gurmukhi: ਪੰਜਾਬ, Shahmukhi: پنجاب) is a region straddling the border between India and Pakistan. ... Chronology is the science of locating events in time. ... This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. ...

Since Bhai Kesar Singh Chhibber, a contemporary of Bhai Mani Singh, had personally met and seen the latter several times during his early age, he therefore, is a very reliable eyewitness on Bhai Mani Singh's family particulars. Moreover, being a non-Kamboj himself, Bhai Chhibber ji can be assumed to be absolutely non-committed with regard to his write-up on Bhai Mani Singh's ethnic background. In contrast, Giani Gian Singh ji Dullat is far removed in time by over a century and half from Bhai Sahib ji. And he has also an understandable motivation for investing Bhai Mani Singh ji with a Dullat Jatt lineage and thus connecting his own (Dullat) family with the Shaheed for sake of family honor. Hence, his claim or witness on Bhai Mani Singh's ethnic identity apparently becomes much weaker and dubious compared to the evidence of a non-committed eyewitness like Bhai Kesar Singh ji Chhibber. Lineage refers to: kinship and descent, a concept of cultural anthropology used to track kinship and descent. ... This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. ...

Early life

There is some uncertainity about the exact year of birth of Bhai Mani Singh. Giani Thakur Singh writes his year of birth as 1672 AD while some other writers put it at 1670 AD. But according to Sohan Singh Seetal, a well known Sikh historian, Bhai Mani Singh was born in 1664 AD. Principle Satbir Singh wrote the year of birth as 1672 in his 1970 edition but changed it to 1662 AD in the later editions of "Sada Itihaas" (See: Sada Itihaas, 1998, p 154, Principle Satbir Singh). This date is indirectly based on Giani Giani Singh's references to ninth Guru's visit to village Akoi/Malwa in year 1665 AD. Based on critical analysis of ancient Sikh writings, it appears certain that Bhai Mani Singh was born no later than 1665 AD, hence years given by Giani Sohan Singh Seetal or Principal Satbir Singh appear more closeer to truth.

In the shelter of the Guru

Bhai Mani Singh is said to have been brought in the early years of his childhood to the presence of Guru Tegh Bahadur at Anandpur. He was approximately of the same age as the Guru's own son, Gobind Rai. Both grew up together - Gobind Rai [Das] and Mani Ram were the names they went by in those pre-Khalsa days. Mani Singh remained in his company even after he had ascended the religious seat as Guru. Mani Singh accompanied the Guru to the seclusion of Paonta where Guru Gobind Singh spent some three years exclusively given to literary work. Guru Teg Bahadur Ji (April 1, 1621 - November 11, 1675) was the ninth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on March 20, 1665 following in the footsteps of his grand-nephew, Guru Har Krishan Ji. ... Anandpur Sahib is a holy Sikh city and one of the five most holy places in Sikhism. ... Khalsa which means Pure is the name given by Guru Gobind Singh to all Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking Amrit in ceremony called Amrit Sanchar. ... References ^ Tirha, B. B. A Taste of Trascendence, (2002) p. ...

Bhai Mani Singh took Amrit at the hands of Guru Gobind Singh Ji on the day of the creation of Khalsa. When Guru Gobind Singh Ji left Anandpur on the night of December 20, 1704, his family got separated at river Sirsa in the confusion created by the Mughal attack. Bhai Mani Singh took Mata Sundri Ji and Mata Sahib Devan to Delhi via Ambala. Amrit is a Sanskrit word and it means the holy water of immortality, or the elixir of life. ... Guru Gobind Singh Guru Gobind Singh (Punjabi: ) (Patna, Bihar, India, December 22, 1666 – October 7, 1708, Nanded, Maharashtra,India) was the tenth and last of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on November 11, 1675 following in the footsteps of his father Guru Teg Bahadur. ... Khalsa which means Pure is the name given by Guru Gobind Singh to all Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking Amrit in ceremony called Amrit Sanchar. ... Sirsa is one of the districts of Haryana state, India, and Sirsa town is the district headquarters. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... This article deals with the metropolis of Delhi. ...

In 1706, he escorted Guru Sahib's wives to Talwandi Sabo where the Guru was staying. When Guru Sahib left Agra with Emperor Bahadur Shah for Nander in 1707, Mata Sahib Devan and Bhai Mani Singh accompanied him. Afterwards Bhai Mani Singh escorted Mata Sahib Devan Ji back to Delhi where she lived with Mata Sundri Ji for the rest of her life. Talwandi Sabo, also known as Takht Sri Damdama Sahib is located in district Bathinda , Punjab, India. ... Agra is an ancient city on the Yamuna River in India, within the state of Uttar Pradesh. ... An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. ... Two Mughal Emperors have had the name of Bahadur Shah: Bahadur Shah I Bahadur Shah Zafar II. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Nandair, also spelt as Nander, is a town located 174 miles north-east of Hyderabad. ... This article deals with the metropolis of Delhi. ...

Mata Sundri Ji came to know of the trouble that was brewing between the Tat Khalsa and Bandai Khalsa factions. She appointed Bhai Mani Singh as Granthi of Harimandir Sahib and sent him to Amritsar with Mama Kirpal Singh (Chand), the maternal uncle of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. On his arrival at Amritsar in 1721, Bhai Mani Singh restored peace among the Khalsa and put the affairs of Harimandir Sahib in order. The Golden Temple Harmandir Sahib (also Hari Mandir, Harimandar and other variants) (Punjabi: ਹਰਿਮੰਦਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is the most sacred gurdwara in all of Sikhism, located in Amritsar, Punjab, India. ... Amritsar (Punjabi: ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ, Hindi: अमृतसर), meaning Pool of the Nectar of Immortality, is the administrative headquarter of Amritsar District in Punjab, India. ... Amritsar (Punjabi: ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ, Hindi: अमृतसर), meaning Pool of the Nectar of Immortality, is the administrative headquarter of Amritsar District in Punjab, India. ... Khalsa which means Pure is the name given by Guru Gobind Singh to all Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking Amrit in ceremony called Amrit Sanchar. ...

The Mughal Empire

By 1738, the Mughal government of Lahore had strictly prohibited the Sikhs to visit Amritsar and bathe in the holy tank. To overcome this restriction, Bhai Mani Singh applied to Governor Zakariya Khan for permission to hold the Diwali festival at Harimandir Sahib. The permission was granted for a tribute of Rs.5,000. He hoped that he would be able to pay the sum out of offerings to be made by the Sikhs who were invited to come. The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... South section of the Hazuri Bagh, looking south towards the Roshnai Gate The Minar-e-Pakistan, south-side view Lahore (لاھور) is a major city in Pakistan and is the capital of the province of Punjab. ... Diwālī or Dīpāvali (also transliterated Deepavali; Sanskrit: row of lights) is the Hindu Festival of Lights. ...

The Sikhs came in large numbers. Zakariya Khan, under the pretext of keeping order, sent a force under Diwan Lakhpat Rae to Amritsar. The force was stationed near Amritsar. It was to march towards the city just on the day of the festival so that the Sikhs might be frightened and dispersed. The trick worked and the fair broke up at the approach of the Mughal army. A Sikh man wearing a turban The adherents of Sikhism are called Sikhs. ... A festival or fest is an event, usually staged by a local community, which centers on some theme, sometimes on some unique aspect of the community. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ...

Execution of Bhai Mani Singh

Bhai Mani Singh was arrested for not paying the stipulated sum. He was asked by the Qazi to embrace Islam or else face death. Bhai Mani Singh stoutly refused to barter his religion and boldly chose for death. Subedar Zakariya Khan ordered his execution in December, 1738. The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( ▶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ...

Bhai Mani Singh's body was chopped to pieces joint by joint starting from the extremities interior-wards. His gruesome Martyrdom inflamed the passions of the Sikhs. They pledged to uproot the evil forces of the Mughals sooner than later. Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for his or her religious faith. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ...

Bhai Mani Singh was also responsible for collecting the Bani (holi writings) of Guru Gobind Singh Ji and compiling it in the form of Dasam Granth. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Sources

• Ancient Bansawalinama, charan 10, 13, 14, Bhai Kesar Singh ji Chhibber.
• Encylopedia of Sikhism, prof Harbans Singh.
• Panth Parkash, Giani Gian Singh ji

External links

Panjabi.net discussion forum [1]