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Encyclopedia > Bichir
Wikipedia:How to read a taxobox
How to read a taxobox
Bichirs
Nile Bichir
Nile Bichir
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Polypteriformes
Family: Polypteridae
Genera

Erpetoichthys
Polypterus
See text for species. Image File history File links Nile_bichir. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... Animalia redirects here. ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ... For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Erpetoichthys calabricus (Smith, 1865) The reedfish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus) is a species of freshwater fish in the bichir family and order. ... Species     - Nile bichir   - barred bichir   - saddled bichir     - marbled or shortfin bichir     - West African bichir  P. senegalus - gray bichir   - saddled bichir Polypterus Lacepède, 1803, is a genus of freshwater fish in the bichir family (family Polypteridae) of order Polypteriformes. ...

The bichirs are a family, Polypteridae, of archaic-looking ray-finned fishes, the sole family in the order Polypteriformes. They have thick bonelike scales and a series of dorsal finlets instead of a single fin. The finlets are topped with sharp spines. Their jaw structure more closely resembles that of the tetrapods than that of the teleost fishes. Bichirs have a number of other primitive characteristics, such as fleshy pectoral fins and spiracles. All species occur in freshwater habitats in Africa, mainly swampy, shallow floodplains and estuaries. They have rudimentary lungs, which allow them to obtain oxygen from the air when in poorly oxygenated waters[1], by swimming quickly to the surface and back to the bottom, which is their normal height. Bichirs are popular subjects of public and large hobby aquaria. Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ... Scientific classification or biological classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ... Groups See text. ... Superorders Osteoglossomorpha Elopomorpha Clupeomorpha Ostariophysi Protacanthopterygii Sternopterygii Cyclosquamata Scopelomorpha Lampridiomorpha Polymyxiomorpha Paracanthopterygii Polymyxiomorpha Acanthopterygii Teleostei is one of three infraclasses in class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes. ... Spiracles are small openings on the surface of animals that usually lead to respiratory systems. ... For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... Gravel floodplain of a glacial river near the Snow Mountains in Alaska, 1902. ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits. ... The lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity. ... For other uses, see Aquarium (disambiguation). ...


Species

There are eighteen extant species and subspecies in two genera:[2]

  • Genus Erpetoichthys
  • Genus Polypterus
    • Guinean bichir, Polypterus ansorgii Boulenger, 1910.
    • Nile bichir, Polypterus bichir bichir Lacépède, 1803.
    • Polypterus bichir katangae Poll, 1941.
    • Bichir, Polypterus bichir lapradei Steindachner, 1869.
    • Barred bichir, Polypterus delhezi Boulenger, 1899.
    • Polypterus endlicheri congicus Boulenger, 1898.
    • Saddled bichir, Polypterus endlicheri endlicheri Heckel, 1847.
    • Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schafer, 2006.[3]
    • Ornate bichir, Polypterus ornatipinnis Boulenger, 1902.
    • Polypterus palmas buettikoferi Steindachner, 1891.
    • Shortfin bichir, Polypterus palmas palmas Ayres, 1850.
    • Polypterus palmas polli Gosse, 1988.
    • West African bichir, Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant, 1899.
    • Polypterus senegalus meridionalis Poll, 1941.
    • Gray bichir, Polypterus senegalus senegalus Cuvier, 1829.
    • Polypterus teugelsi Britz, 2004.
    • Mottled bichir, Polypterus weeksii Boulenger, 1898.

Extinct species include: Binomial name Erpetoichthys calabricus (Smith, 1865) The reedfish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus) is a species of freshwater fish in the bichir family and order. ... Binomial name Erpetoichthys calabricus (Smith, 1865) The reedfish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus) is a species of freshwater fish in the bichir family and order. ... Binomial name Erpetoichthys calabricus (Smith, 1865) The reedfish, Erpetoichthys calabaricus, ropefish, or snakefish is a species of freshwater fish in the bichir family and order. ... Species     - Nile bichir   - barred bichir   - saddled bichir     - marbled or shortfin bichir     - West African bichir  P. senegalus - gray bichir   - saddled bichir Polypterus Lacepède, 1803, is a genus of freshwater fish in the bichir family (family Polypteridae) of order Polypteriformes. ... George Boulenger. ... Lacépède Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède (December 26, 1756 – October 6, 1825) was a French naturalist. ... Franz Steindachner (November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian zoologist. ... George Boulenger. ... George Boulenger. ... George Boulenger. ... Franz Steindachner (November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian zoologist. ... William Orville Ayres (September 11, 1817 - April 30, 1887) was a American physician and ichthyologist. ... Léon Vaillant Léon Vaillant (November 11, 1834 - November 24, 1914) was a French zoologist. ... Binomial name Polypterus senegalus Cuvier, 1829 The gray bichir (Polypterus senegalus), also known as the Senegal bichir, is a prototypical species of the Polypterus genus and most of its features hold for the rest of the genus. ... Binomial name Polypterus senegalus Cuvier, 1829 The gray bichir, Polypterus senegalus, also known as the Senegal bichir, is sometimes called the dinosaur eel - a misnomer, as the creature is not an eel. ... Georges Cuvier Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769–May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist and zoologist. ... George Boulenger. ...

  • Polypterus faraou Otero et al., 2006 — late Miocene.[4]

The Miocene epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23 to 5. ...

References

  1. ^ Berra, Tim M. (2001). Freshwater Fish Distribution. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-093156-7
  2. ^ "Polypteridae". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. February 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
  3. ^ Schliewen & Schafer (2006). "Polypterus mokelembembe, a new species of bichir from the central Congo River basin (Actinopterygii: Cladistia: Polypteridae).". Zootaxa 1129: 23. 
  4. ^ Otero, Likius, Vignaud & Brunet (2006). "A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (2): 227. DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00201.x. 

FishBase is a comprehensive database of information about fish. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Bichir (523 words)
The bichir's spawning begins when the Africans' rivers and lakes start to overflow forming marshes and swamps during August and September.
Then, when the pursuit is over followed by a quick rest, the bichir male goes on the top of the female and push her with his head or sweep her with his anal fin.
The bichir has lung-like swim-bladder and gills to help breathing when it comes to the surface; nevertheless, it does not bring any advantage because the bichir has to breathe again in short time.
Digimorph - Polypterus senegalus (senegal bichir) (386 words)
The genus Polypterus, common name bichir, is a basal representative of the actinopterygian (ray-finned) fishes.
It is a member of the Cladistia, a group possessing lungs, heavy ganoid scales (external layer of ganoine), lobe-like pectoral appendages, two gular plates (visible in the Roll movie, particularly in the isolated head), external gills as young, a spiral valve in the intestine and a diphycercal tail.
Bichirs are bimodal in respiratory function--they have both gills and well vascularized lungs--and can survive using either.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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