Category: Classical ciphers In cryptography, the ADFGVX cipher was a field cipher used by the German Army during World War I. ADFGVX was in fact an extension of an earlier cipher called ADFGX. Invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel and introduced in March 1918, the cipher was a fractionating transposition cipher which combined a... The Affine cipher is a special case of the more general substitution cipher. ... The Alberti Cipher was the first ever Polyalphabetic Cipher. ... Atbash is a simple substitution cipher for the Hebrew alphabet. ... A tabula recta for use with an autokey cipher An autokey cipher is a cipher which incorporates the message (the plaintext) into the key. ... A book cipher is a cipher in which the key is the identity of a book. ... The action of a Caesar cipher is to replace each plaintext letter with one a fixed number of places down the alphabet. ... The Four-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. ... Hills cipher machine, from figure 4 of the patent In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. ... A keyword is a monoalphabetic substitution. ... -1... In classical cryptography, a permutation cipher is a transposition cipher in which the key is a permutation. ... The pigpen cipher uses graphical symbols assigned according to a key similar to the above diagram. ... The Playfair system was invented by Charles Wheatstone, who first described it in 1854. ... A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. ... In cryptography, the Polybius square is a device invented by the Ancient Greek historian and scholar Polybius, described in Hist. ... The Rail Fence Cipher is a form of transposition cipher that gets its name from the way in which it is encoded. ... The Reihenschieber was a hand cipher system used by Germany. ... Reservehandverfahren (RHV) (German: Reserve Hand Procedure) was a German Naval World War II hand-cipher system used as a backup method when no working Enigma machine was available[1]. The cipher had two stages: a transposition followed by bigram substitution. ... ROT13 replaces each letter by its partner 13 characters further along the alphabet. ... In classical cryptography, the runnning key cipher is a type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide a very long key stream. ... This article is about the encryption device; for the Dune character, see Scytale (Dune). ... This article refers to a cipher devised in 2006 by Mr Justice Peter Smith. ... The Solitaire cryptographic algorithm was designed by Bruce Schneier for use in Neal Stephensons Cryptonomicon (where it was initially called Pontifex). ... In cryptography, a straddling checkerboard is a device for converting an alphabetic plaintext into digits whilst simultaneously achieving fractionation (a simple form of information diffusion) and homophony (a simple method for suppressing peaks of the frequency distribution). ... In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the units may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. ... It has been suggested that the section The code from the article Smitty Harris be merged into this article or section. ... In classical cryptography, a transposition cipher changes one character from the plaintext to another (to decrypt the reverse is done). ... In classical cryptography, the trifid cipher is a cipher invented around 1901 by Felix Delastelle, which extends the concept of the bifid cipher to a third dimension, allowing each symbol to be fractionated into 3 elements instead of two. ... The Two-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. ... The VIC cipher was a pencil and paper cipher used by the Soviet spy Reino Hayhanen, codenamed VICTOR. It was arguably the most complex hand-operated cipher ever seen. ... The Vigenère cipher is named for Blaise de Vigenère (pictured), although Giovan Batista Belaso had invented the cipher earlier. ... A typical distribution of letters in English language text. ... In cryptography, coincidence counting is the technique (invented by William F. Friedman) of putting two texts side-by-side and counting the number of times that a letter appears next to itself in both copies. ... For the plants which reproduce by using spores, see Cryptogam. ... Bacons cipher or the Baconian cipher is a method of steganography (a method of hiding a secret message as opposed to a true cipher) devised by Francis Bacon. ... In cryptography, the Polybius square is a device invented by the Ancient Greek historian and scholar Polybius, described in Hist. ... This article is about the encryption device; for the Dune character, see Scytale (Dune). ... In cryptography, a straddling checkerboard is a device for converting an alphabetic plaintext into digits whilst simultaneously achieving fractionation (a simple form of information diffusion) and homophony (a simple method for suppressing peaks of the frequency distribution). ... Tabula recta In cryptography, the tabula recta is a square table of alphabets, each one made by shifting the previous one to the left. ... The German Lorenz cipher machine, used in World War II for encryption of very high-level general staff messages Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós hidden, and the verb γράφω gráfo write) is the study of message secrecy. ... The history of cryptography dates back thousands of years. ... Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, hidden, and analýein, to loosen or to untie) is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so. ... This article is intended to be an analytic glossary, or alternatively, an organized collection of annotated pointers. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Encryption Decryption In cryptography, a block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation. ... The operation of A5/1, a LFSR-based stream cipher used to encrypt mobile phone conversations. ... A big random number is used to make a public-key pair. ... In cryptography, a cryptographic hash function is a hash function with certain additional security properties to make it suitable for use as a primitive in various information security applications, such as authentication and message integrity. ... A cryptographic message authentication code (MAC) is a short piece of information used to authenticate a message. ... A cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator (CSPRNG) is a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. ...