Coordinates: 16°49′N 75°43′E / 16.82, 75.72 Bijapur (Kannada: ವಿಜಾಪುರ) is a district headquarters of the Bijapur District in the state of Karnataka. Bijapur city is well known for the great architectures of histrorical importance built during the Adil Shahi dynasty. Bijapur City is the head quarters of the district and is located 530 km northwest of Bangalore. The city is about 550 km from Mumbai (Maharashtra). Bijapur (Kannada: ವಿಜಾಪುರ) is a district headquarters of the Bijapur district in the state of Karnataka. ... This article is about the Indian region. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links India_Karnataka_locator_map. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Location of Mirzapur and the 82. ... The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... The divisions of a district. ... Bijapur (Kannada: ವಿಜಾಪುರ) is a district in the state of Karnataka in southern India. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... Example of a PIN: The PIN code of Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh A Postal Index Number or PIN or Pincode is the post office numbering or post code system used by the Indian Postal Service. ... For the past decade or so, telecommunication activities have gained momentum in India. ... Licence plates on the back of a taxi in Kolkata. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ... Bijapur (Kannada: ವಿಜಾಪುರ) is a district in the state of Karnataka in southern India. ... This article is about the Indian region. ... The Adil Shahi were a dynasty of Indian sultans, who ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur from the 1490 to 1686. ... , For other uses, see Bangalore (disambiguation). ...

The city established in the 10th-11th centuries by the Chalukyas of Kalyani was referred as Vijayapura (City of victory). The city came under the influence of the Khilji Sultanate in Delhi by the late 13th century. In 1347, the area was conquered by the Bahmani Sultanate of Gulbarga. By this time, the city was being referred as Vijapur or Bijapur. The Chalukya dynasty (Kannada: ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರು) was a powerful Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th century C.E. They began to assert their independence at the decline of the Satavahana empire and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of... Khilji or Khalji was a ruling dynasty of Turkic origin that conquered and ruled northern India (1290-1320). ... The Delhi Sultanate (دلی سلطنت), or Sulthanath-e-Hind (سلطنتِ ہند) / Sulthanath-e-Dilli (سلطنتِ دلی) refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ... , For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India. ... Gulbarga is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka. ...

History

In 1518, the Bahmani Sultanate split into five splinter states known as the Deccan sultanates, one of which was Bijapur, ruled by the kings of the Adil Shahi dynasty (1490-1686). The city of Bijapur owes much of its greatness to Yusuf Adil Shah, the founder of the independent state of Bijapur. The rule of this dynasty ended in 1686, when Bijapur was conquered during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. In 1724 the Nizam of Hyderabad established his independence in the Deccan, and included Bijapur within his dominions. In 1760, the Nizam suffered a defeat by the Marathas, and ceded the region of Bijapur to the Maratha Peshwa. After the 1818 defeat of the Peshwa by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War, Bijapur passed into the hands of the British East India Company, and was assigned to the princely state of Satara. The Deccan sultanates were five Muslim-ruled kingdoms–-Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar, Bidar, and Berar of south-central India. ... The Adil Shahi were a dynasty of Indian sultans, who ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur from the 1490 to 1686. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Aurangzeb (Persian: (full title: Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abdul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Padshah Ghazi) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), also known by his chosen Imperial title Alamgir I (Conqueror of the Universe) (Persian: ), was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from... The Nizam of Hyderabads coat of arms Nizam-ul-Mulk, commonly shortened to Nizam, was the title taken by the Asif Jahi rulers of Hyderabad state in India. ... Flag Capital Hyderabad Government Principality Nizam  - 1720-48 (first) Asaf Jah I  - 1911-48 (last) Asaf Jah VII History  - Established 1724  - Annexed by India September 18, 1948 Hyderābād and Berar   (Telugu: హైదరాబాదు Urdu: حیدر آباد) under the Nizams, was the largest princely state in India. ... The Marāthās (Marathi: , also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu warriors and peasants hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a the expansive Maratha Empire, covering a major part of India, in the late 17th and 18th centuries. ... The Maratha Empire at its peak in 1760 The Peshwa(Marathi:पेशवे or पेशवा) (also known in Marathi as Peshwe) were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha Chattrapatis (Kings), who began commanding Maratha armies and later became the hereditary rulers of the Maratha empire of central India from 1749 to 1818. ... The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817 - 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between Britain and the Maratha empire in India, which left Britain in control of most of India. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... A princely state is any state under the reign of a prince and is thus a principality taken in the broad sense. ... For the moth genus, see Satara (moth). ...

Gol Gumbaz

In 1848 the territory of Satara, along with Bijapur, was annexed to Britain's Bombay Presidency when the last ruler died without a male heir. The British carved a new district by the name Kaladagi. The district included present-day Bijapur and Bagalkot districts. Bijapur was made the administrative headquarters of the district in 1885, when the headquarters were moved from Bagalkot. After India's Independence in 1947, the district became part of Bombay state, and was reassigned to Mysore State, later Karnataka, in 1956. The former southern taluks of the district were separated in 1997 to form Bagalkot District. Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 634 KB)Gol Gumbaz - photo taken during a family trip to Bijapur This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 634 KB)Gol Gumbaz - photo taken during a family trip to Bijapur This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57). ... Bombay Presidency was a former province of British India. ... Bāgalkot (ಬಾಗಲಕೋಟೆ in Kannada) pronounced //, sometimes spelled as Bāgalkote is an administrative district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Bombay state is a former state of India. ... The Kingdom of Mysore was one of the three largest princely states within the erstwhile British Empire of India. ...

Description

The city consists of three distinct portions: the citadel, the fort and the remains of the city. The citadel, built by Yusuf Adil Shah, a mile in circuit, is of great strength, well built of the most massive materials, and encompassed by a ditch 100 yards wide, formerly supplied with water, but now nearly filled up with rubbish, so that its original depth cannot be discovered. Within the citadel are the remains of Hindu temples, which prove that Bijapur was an important town in pre-Islam times. The fort, which was completed by Au Adil Shah in 1566, is surrounded by a wall 6 m. in circumference. This wall is from 30 to 50 ft (15 m) high, and is strengthened with ninety-six massive bastions of various designs. In addition there are ten others at the various gateways. The width is about 25 ft (7.6 m); from bastion to bastion runs a battlemented curtained wall about 10 ft (3.0 m) high. The whole is surrounded by a deep moat 30 to 40 ft (12 m) broad. Inside these walls the Bijapur kings bade defiance to all comers. Outside the walls are the remains of a vast city, now for the most part in ruins, but the innumerable tombs, mosques, caravanserais and other edifices, which have resisted the havoc of time, afford abundant evidence of the ancient splendour of the place.

In front of the Gol Gumbaz is a Museum maintained by the Archeological Survey of India

Badami, Aihole, and Pattadakal, near Bijapur, are noted for their historical temples in the Chalukyan architectural style. Image File history File links GolGumbaz_FrontView. ... Image File history File links GolGumbaz_FrontView. ... Badami Cave Temple No 3. ... Aihole (Kannada ಐಹೊಳೆ)is in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. ... Pattadakal (Kannada- ಪಟ್ಟದಕಲ್) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka famous for its group of monuments that are the culmination of earliest experiments in vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. ... The Chalukya dynasty (Kannada: ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರು) was a powerful Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th century C.E. They began to assert their independence at the decline of the Satavahana empire and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of...

Attractions

Gol Gumbaz Cira 1860

Bijapur is rich in historical attractions, mainly related to Islamic architecture. Image File history File links Old_GolGumbaz_1890. ... Image File history File links Old_GolGumbaz_1890. ... Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57). ... The interior of the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne. ...

• Gol Gumbaz: This is the most famous monument in Bijapur. It is the tomb of Mohammed Adil Shah (ruled 1627-1657). It is the second largest dome ever built, next in size only to St Peter's Basilica in Rome. A particular attraction in this monument is the central chamber, where every sound is echoed seven times. Another attraction at the Gol Gumbaz is the Whispering Gallery, where even minute sounds can be heard clearly 37 metres away. Gol Gumbaz complex includes a mosque, a Naqqar Khana (a hall for the trumpeters) (Now it is used as museum) and the ruins of guest houses.
• Ibrahim Rauza: This is the tomb of Ibrahim Adil Shah II (ruled 1580-1627), the fifth king of the dynasty and, like the Mughal emperor Akbar, known for religious tolerance. Built on a single rock bed, it is noted for the symmetry of its features. It is said that the design for the Ibrahim Rauza served as an inspiration for that of the famous Taj Mahal.

A file photo of Bara Kaman Circa 1870

• Malik-e-Maidan (The Monarch of the Plains) the largest medieval cannon in the world. Being 4 m long, 1,5 m in diameter and weighing 55 tons, this gun was brought back from Ahmadnagar in the 17th century as a trophy of war by 400 oxen, 10 elephants and tens of men. It was placed on the Sherza Burj (Lion Gate) on a platform especially built for it. The cannon's nozzle is fashioned into the shape of a lion's head with open jaws & between the carved fangs is depicted an elephant being crushed to death. It is said that after igniting the cannon, the gunner would remain underwater in a tank of water on the platform to avoid the deafening explosion. The cannon remains cool even in strong sunlight and if tapped, tinkles like a bell. In 1854 the cannon was auctioned for Rs. 150 but the sale was cancelled in the end.

The Gun: Malik-E-Maidan, which means the master of the war front

• Upri Buruj, Built around 1584 by Hyder Khan, is an 80 ft (24 m) high tower standing to the north of Dakhani Idgah in Bijapur. This is a spherical structure with stone steps winding round the outside. Top of the tower offers a commanding view of the city. This is also known as ;Hyder Burj", "Upli Burj". On top of Upli Burj there are two guns of huge size. The parafeet this tower which was used for monitoring purposes has been fenced now. One needs to climb the circular stairs to reach the top. However except for this tower there is very little evidence of the citadel wall in this area due to rampant construction.
• Chand Bawdi, Ali Adil Shah (1557-1580) built this tank near eastern boundary of Bijapur. When there was large influx of people into Bijapur after the fall of the Vijayanagar empire, and new settlements came up within the walled city raising the need for better infrastructure and providing water supply. This has a storage capacity of 20 million litres. Later it became a model for many other tanks constructed in the city. A grandeur complex came up around it, which was mainly used to house the maintenance staff though members of the royal family occasionally used it for recreation. He named this after his wife "Chand Bibi".
  

  The incomplete masolueum of Adil Shah, Barakaman(Ali Roza-II), India, which means twelve arches in Urdu
• Asar Mahal, The Asar Mahal was built by Mohammed Adil Shah in about 1646, which was used to serve as a Hall of Justice. The building was also used to house hairs from the Prophet's beard. The rooms on the upper storey are decorated with frescoes and the front is graced with a square tank. Here women are not allowed inside. Every year there is urs (festival) held at this place. In front of the hall, one can see three tanks the bigger tank, which is at the centre is about 15 feet (4.6 m) deep however the other two are comparatively smaller in size as well as depth. Behind Asar Mahal one can still see the remain of the citadel. Just a kilometer away behind Asar Mahal, one can still find the old mosque which is on top of the citadel wall. There is a big entrance with arc below this mosque. Many stones have inscriptions. The site is under maintenance of Archeological Survey of India.

Asar Mahal

• Gagan Mahal, Which means Sky Palace, is built with a 21- meter façade and four wooden massive pillars, has a majestic central arch. Sikandar Adil Shah, in silver chains, surrendered to Aurangzeb in 1681 here.

Gagan Mahal

• Barakaman (Ali Roza-II) A mausoleum of Ali Roza built in 1672. It was previously named as Ali Roza, but Shah Nawab Khan changed its name to Bara Kaman as this was the 12th monument during his reign. It has now seven arches and the tomb containing the graves of Ali, his queens and eleven other ladies possibly belonging to the Zenana of the queens.
• Among the other historical attractions at Bijapur, some notable ones are the Anand Mahal, Jod Gumbaz, Jumma Mosque, Sat Manzil, and Jal Manzil. Also among old houses at Bijapur, the most famous is Elavia House ( Nauzer Elavia) which is more than 100 years old.

Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57). ... Interior view, with the nave of the Cattedra in the back St. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Ibrahim Adilshah II, the fifth king of the Adilshahi dynasty is known in the Indian history as Jagadguru Badshah. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... For other uses, see Taj Mahal (disambiguation). ... Ahmednagar is a city in the state of Maharashtra, India, on the left bank of the river Sna, about 100 km southeast of Pune. ... Image File history File links Malik_E_Maidan. ... Image File history File links Malik_E_Maidan. ... Image File history File links BaraKaram. ... Image File history File links BaraKaram. ... Urdu ( , , trans. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Asar_mahal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Asar_mahal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gagan_Mahal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gagan_Mahal. ...

Geography

Bijapur is located at 16.83° N 75.7° E^[1]. It has an average elevation of 606 metres (1988 feet). This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...

Transport

Bijapur is connected by a broad gauge railway (Gadag-Hotgi railway line) to Hotgi junction near Solapur and Kurduvadi on Central Railway towards the north and to Bagalkot on South West Railway [[1]] towards the south. The metre gauge railway track from Bagalkot to Hotgi junction on the Hubli-Hospet railway is being converted under Project Unigauge and is likely to commissioned in the second half of 2008. ^[2] For other uses, see Gauge. ... , Solapur (Marathi: ))(Kannada: )), is a city and a municipal corporation in south eastern Maharashtra, India near the Karnataka border and is the administrative headquarters of Solapur District. ... Kurduvadi is a city and a municipal council in Solapur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. ... For information about the company in the UK called Central Railway see Central Railway (UK) The Central Railway is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways, and is one of the largest. ... Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8½ in (1. ... Hubli-Dharwad is a twin city in the state of Karnataka in India. ... Hospet is the main town providing the getaway for Hampi. ... Unigauge is a project of Indian Railways to convert most of its lines from four different and incompatible gauges to mostly broad gauge. ...

Demographics

As of 2001 India census^[3], Bijapur had a population of 245,946. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Bijapur has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 76% and female literacy of 62%. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ...

Education

Schools

• Sainik School, Bijapur
• IQRA Urdu Primary School, Bijapur
• IQRA Urdu High School, Bijapur
• P.D.J High School, Bijapur

sanganabasava international residential school

• V.V.Sangh Primary School
• V.B.Darbar High School
• V.B.Darbar Pre-University College

Allopathic Medical Colleges

• BLDEA's B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre
• Al-Ameen Medical College
• Al-Ameen Dental College
• BLDEA's Nursing College
• BLDEA's College of Pharmacy
• Al-Ameen's Fatima School of Nursing
• Secab college of technology, Bijapur

Ayurvedic Medical Colleges

• Government Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Bijapur
• A.V. Samiti's Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Mannikeri, Bijapur
• Dr. Basavaraj Nagur Rural Ayurved Medical College
• Taluka S.P.S. Mandali's Ayurvedic Medical College, Sindagi, Bijapur

Engineering Colleges

• P.G.Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology
• SECAB's Malik Sandal Institute of Art & Architecture
• SECAB Inst of Engg & Tech

Management Colleges

• A.S.Patil College of Commerce and Management
• SECAB's School of Management

See also

• List of rulers of Bijapur
• Birthplace of Bhaskara Achārya - the man who conceived Differential Calculus

The Adil Shahi were a dynasty of Indian sultans, who ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur from the 1490 to 1686. ... Bhaskara (1114-1185), also known as Bhaskara II and Bhaskara Achārya (Bhaskara the teacher), was an Indian mathematician-astronomer. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
• "Samanya Mahiti"a periodical released by the Bijapur Zilla Parishad.

Encyclopædia Britannica, the eleventh edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

External links

• Bijapur City Municipality Website
• Bijapur, Karnataka at the Open Directory Project

The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz (from , its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links owned by Netscape that is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors. ...

References

1. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Bijapur
2. ^ Railway Gazette International Supplement December 2007 p7
3. ^ Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns. (Provisional). Census Commission of India. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.