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Bilberry is a name given to several species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae) that bear tasty fruits. The species most often referred to is Vaccinium myrtillus L., also known as European blueberry, blaeberry, whortleberry, whinberry (or winberry), myrtle blueberry, fraughan, and probably other names regionally. They were called black-hearts in 19th century southern England, according to Thomas Hardy's 1878 novel, The Return of the Native, (pg. 311, Oxford World's Classics edition). Bilberry may refer to: Bilberry the fruit Bilberry, Cornwall Category: ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 239 KB) Description: Vaccinum myrtillus Picture taken by BerndH Date: 2. ...
For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ...
Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ...
Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class of flowering plants. ...
Families See text. ...
Genera See text The plant Family Ericaceae (Heath Family) or ericaceous plants are mostly lime-hating or calcifuge plants that thrive in acid soils. ...
Species See text Vaccinium is a genus of shrubs in the plant Family Ericaceae including the cranberry, blueberry, bilberry or whortleberry, cowberry or lingonberry, and huckleberry. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...
A broom shrub in flower A shrub or bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 6 m tall. ...
For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ...
Species See text Vaccinium is a genus of shrubs in the plant Family Ericaceae including the cranberry, blueberry, bilberry or whortleberry, cowberry or lingonberry, and huckleberry. ...
Genera See text The plant Family Ericaceae (Heath Family) or ericaceous plants are mostly lime-hating or calcifuge plants that thrive in acid soils. ...
Remnants of the floral parts are clearly evident on these immature banana fruits, demonstrating that the fruit is developing from an inferior ovary A false berry or epigynous berry is an accessory fruit found in certain plant species with an inferior ovary. ...
Thomas Hardy redirects here. ...
The Return of the Native is a novel by Thomas Hardy, published in 1878. ...
The word bilberry is also sometimes used in the common names of other species of the genus, including Vaccinium uliginosum L. (bog bilberry, bog blueberry, bog whortleberry, bog huckleberry, northern bilberry), Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. (dwarf bilberry), Vaccinium deliciosum Piper (Cascade bilberry), Vaccinium membranaceum (mountain bilberry, black mountain huckleberry, black huckleberry, twin-leaved huckleberry), and Vaccinium ovalifolium (oval-leafed blueberry, oval-leaved bilberry, mountain blueberry, high-bush blueberry). Image File history File links Blaeberry. ...
Image File history File links Blaeberry. ...
Bilberries are found in damp, acidic soils throughout the temperate and subarctic regions of the world. They are closely related to North American wild and cultivated blueberries and huckleberries in the genus Vaccinium. The easiest way to distinguish the bilberry is that it produces single or pairs of berries on the bush instead of clusters like the blueberry. Another way to distinguish them is that while blueberry fruit pulp is light green, bilberry is red or purple. In this way you can also distinguish the bilberry eater from the blueberry eater by his red fingers and lips. Bilberry is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Vaccinium. For other uses, see Acid (disambiguation). ...
Loess field in Germany Surface-water-gley developed in glacial till, Northern Ireland Technically, soil forms the pedosphere: the interface between the lithosphere (rocky part of the planet) and the biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. ...
For the usage in virology, see temperate (virology). ...
The subarctic is a region in the Northern Hemisphere immediately south of the true Arctic and covering much of Canada and Siberia, the north of Scandinavia, northern Mongolia and the Chinese province of Heilongjiang. ...
North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...
For other uses, see Blueberry (disambiguation). ...
Wild huckleberry in the Mount Hood National Forest. ...
A larval insect A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ...
The order Lepidoptera is the second most speciose order in the class Insecta and includes the butterflies, moths and skippers. ...
Vaccinium species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species including: Autumnal Moth (Epirrita autumnata) Bordered Pug (Eupithecia succenturiata) - recorded on bilberry Common Emerald (Hemithea aestivaria) Common Marbled Carpet (Chloroclysta truncata) Common Pug (Eupithecia vulgata) - recorded on bilberry Dot Moth (Melanchra persicariae) - recorded on...
Bilberries are seldom cultivated but fruits are sometimes collected from wild plants growing on publicly accessible lands, notably in Fennoscandia, Scotland, Ireland and Poland. Note that in Fennoscandia, it is an everyman's right to collect bilberries, irrespective of land ownership. In Ireland the fruit is known as fraughan, from the Irish fraochán, and is traditionally gathered on the last Sunday in July, known as Fraughan Sunday. This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ...
This article is about the country. ...
The right of public access to the wilderness, or everymans right, is a convention of property rights in the Nordic countries of Sweden, Finland and Norway, in addition to parts of Scotland (Shetland/Orkney), which allows the common public the right of access to the land, be it public...
Bilberries were also collected at Lughnassadh in August, the first traditional harvest festival of the year, as celebrated by the Gaelic people. The crop of bilberries was said to indicate how well the rest of the crops would fare in their harvests later in the year. Lughnasadh (or Lughnasa; modern Irish Lúnasa) is a Gaelic holiday celebrated on 1 August, during the time of the harvesting. ...
The fruits can be eaten fresh, but are more usually made into jams, fools, juices or pies. In France they are used as a base for liqueurs and are a popular flavouring for sorbets and other desserts. In Brittany they are often used as a flavouring for crêpes, and in the Vosges and the Massif Central bilberry tart (tarte aux myrtilles) is the most traditional dessert. Jam from berries Jam (also known as jelly or preserves) is a type of sweet spread or condiment made with fruits or sometimes vegetables, sugar, and sometimes pectin if the fruits natural pectin content is insufficient to produce a thick product. ...
Fool is an English dessert made by mixing sweetened puréed fruit with whipped cream or custard, usually in equal quantities, and chilling for several hours. ...
For other uses, see Juice (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the baked good, for other uses see Pie (disambiguation). ...
Bottles of strawberry liqueur A liqueur is a sweet alcoholic beverage, often flavoured with fruits, herbs, spices, flowers, seeds, roots, plants, barks, and sometimes cream. ...
A bowl of mango sorbet Sorbet (or sorbetto, sorbeto) is a frozen dessert made from iced fruit puree and other ingredients. ...
Historical province of Brittany, showing the main areas with their name in Breton language The traditional flag of Brittany (the Gwenn-ha-du), formerly a Breton nationalist symbol but today used as a general civic flag in the region. ...
The base material for multiple crêpes A sweet crêpe opened up, with whipped cream and strawberry sauce on it A crêpe (pronounced IPA /kreɪp/, French /kʀɛp/) is a type of very thin raw fish usually made grown in the ocean or sea. ...
Vosges is a French department, named after the Vosges mountain range. ...
France, viewed from the NASA Shuttle Topography Radar Mission. ...
Medicinal uses Often associated with improvement of night vision, bilberries are mentioned in a popular story of World War II RAF pilots consuming bilberry jam to sharpen vision for night missions. However, a recent study[1] by the U.S. Navy found no such effect and origins of the RAF story cannot be found[2]. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 766 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Collection of bilberries in the forest. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 766 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Collection of bilberries in the forest. ...
Night-vision is seeing in the dark. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
“RAF†redirects here. ...
The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ...
Laboratory studies have shown that bilberry consumption can inhibit or reverse eye disorders such as macular degeneration[3], but this therapeutic use remains clinically unproven. Listen to this article ( info) in media player in browser This audio file was created from an article revision dated 2005-07-19, and may not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ...
As a deep blue fruit, bilberries contain dense levels of anthocyanin pigments that have been linked experimentally to lowered risk for several diseases[4], such as those of the heart and cardiovascular system, eyes and cancer[5][6][7]. Plants with abnormally high anthocyanin quantities are popular as ornamental plants - here, a selected purple-leaf cultivar of European Beech Anthocyanins (from Greek: (anthos) = flower + (kyanos) = blue) are water-soluble vacuolar flavonoid pigments that appear red to blue, according to pH. They are synthesized exclusively by organisms of the plant...
Natural Ultramarine pigment in powdered form. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
The circulatory system or cardiovascular system is the organ system which circulates blood around the body of most animals. ...
This article refers to the sight organ. ...
Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ...
In folk medicine, bilberry leaves were used to treat gastrointestinal ailments, applied topically or made into infusions. Such effects have not been proved scientifically. A traditional healer in Côte dIvoire Folk medicine refers collectively to procedures traditionally used for treatment of illness and injury, aid to childbirth, and maintenance of wellness. ...
Upper and Lower gastrointestinal tract The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), also called the digestive tract, or the alimentary canal, is the system of organs within multicellular animals that takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste. ...
 Wild bilberries collected in Norway. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1372x1064, 308 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Blueberry Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1372x1064, 308 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Blueberry Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create...
References - ^ Muth ER, Laurent JM, Jasper P. The effect of bilberry nutritional supplementation on night visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Altern Med Rev. 2000 Apr;5(2):164-73. Abstract.
- ^ [1] Bilberry Bombs, WebMD, October 2000
- ^ Fursova AZh, Gesarevich OG, Gonchar AM, Trofimova NA, Kolosova NG. Dietary supplementation with bilberry extract prevents macular degeneration and cataracts in senesce-accelerated OXYS rats. Adv Gerontol. 2005;16:76-9. (Article in Russian). Abstract.
- ^ [2] Gross PM. Scientists zero in on health benefits of berry pigments, Natural Products Information Center, July 2007
- ^ Bell DR, Gochenaur K. Direct vasoactive and vasoprotective properties of anthocyanin-rich extracts. J Appl Physiol. 2006 Apr;100(4):1164-70. Abstract.
- ^ Chung HK, Choi SM, Ahn BO, Kwak HH, Kim JH, Kim WB. Efficacy of troxerutin on streptozotocin-induced rat model in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy. Arzneimittelforschung. 2005;55(10):573-80. Abstract.
- ^ Roy S, Khanna S, Alessio HM, Vider J, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Sen CK. Anti-angiogenic property of edible berries. Free Radic Res. 2002 Sep;36(9):1023-31.Abstract.
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