William Ernest Drummond (born April 29, 1953, Butterworth, South Africa) is a Scottish musician, music industry figure, writer and artist. He is best known as co-founder of The KLF, the avant-garde "pop group" of the late eighties, the K Foundation, its nineties "avant-art" media-manipulating successor, and for burning a million pounds in 1994. He has also written several books, produced a variety of different conceptual art projects, and helped to set-up The Foundry, an arts centre in Shoreditch, London. This page is about William Drummond (d. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... , Newton Stewart (Gd: Baile Ur nan Stiùbhartach) is a burgh in Wigtown (formerly the county of Wigtownshire), Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, on the River Cree. ... This article is about the country. ... A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making music. ... In music a singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings, i. ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... The term synthesiser is also used to mean frequency synthesiser, an electronic system found in communications. ... In the music industry, a record label can be a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. ... Zoo Label:Uncaged, a 1995 compilation of Zoo releases. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In the UK, The KLF and their incarnations released an array of 12 singles and albums on their own independent record label KLF Communications. ... Image:Bij. ... Zoo Label:Uncaged, a 1995 compilation of Zoo releases. ... KLF redirects here. ... Doctorin the Tardis The Timelords was the name used by UK sampling outfit The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu for their 1988 novelty pop single Doctorin the Tardis, a No. ... KLF redirects here. ... The K Foundation was an arts foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty in 1993 following their retirement from the music industry. ... Fuck the Millennium or ***K the Millennium is an acid house-oriented protest song released as a single in 1997 by 2K (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty, better known as The KLF). ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the country. ... KLF redirects here. ... The K Foundation was an arts foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty in 1993 following their retirement from the music industry. ... On 23 August 1994, the K Foundation (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) burnt one million pounds sterling in cash on the Scottish island of Jura. ... Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs (1965) Conceptual art is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. ... Shoreditch Town Hall Shoreditch is a place in the London Borough of Hackney. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Background

Bill Drummond was born to Scottish parents in Butterworth, South Africa, where his father was a preacher for the Church of Scotland. His family moved back to Scotland when he was 18 months old, and his early years were spent in the town of Newton Stewart, moving on to Corby in Northamptonshire at the age of 11. It was here he first became involved in performing as a musician working initially with several school friends.^[4] Preacher is a term the for someone who preaches sermons or gives homilies. ... The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... , Newton Stewart (Gd: Baile Ur nan Stiùbhartach) is a burgh in Wigtown (formerly the county of Wigtownshire), Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, on the River Cree. ...

Career

1970s: Illuminatus, Big in Japan, and Zoo

As an art student in Liverpool, England, Drummond was involved with the set design for the first stage production of The Illuminatus! Trilogy, a 12-hour performance which opened on November 23, 1976, and which was staged by Ken Campbell's "Science Fiction Theatre of Liverpool".^[5][6] According to Campbell, Drummond became known as "the man who went for Araldite": "In the middle of a tour, Drummond announced he was popping out to get some glue - and never returned."^[7] For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... “Illuminatus” redirects here. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kenneth Victor Campbell (born December 10, 1941 in Ilford, Essex) is a British writer, actor, director and comedian, known for his unconventional work in theatre. ... Araldite is a registered trademark of Huntsman Advanced Materials (previously part of Ciba) referring to their range of engineering and structural epoxy, acrylic, and polyurethane adhesives. ...

Drummond's musical career began in 1977 with Big in Japan, a band whose membership also included future luminaries Holly Johnson, Budgie, Jayne Casey and Ian Broudie.^[8] After the band's demise, Drummond and another member David Balfe started Zoo Records, their first release being Big in Japan's posthumous EP, From Y To Z and Never Again. They went on to act as both producers and label managers, releasing the debut singles by Echo & The Bunnymen and The Teardrop Explodes, both of which Drummond would later manage somewhat idiosyncratically. This included sending Echo & The Bunnymen on a tour of "bizarre and apparently random sites, including the Northern Isles. "It's not random," said Drummond, speaking as the Bunnymen's manager. "If you look at a map of the world, the whole tour's in the shape of a rabbit's ears."" The production team of Drummond and Balfe was christened The Chameleons, who also recorded the single "Touch" together with a female singer as Lori and the Chameleons.^[9] Image:Bij. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Peter Clarke, (born August 21, 1957), better known as Budgie, is an English drummer. ... Image:Bij. ... Ian Broudie (born August 4, 1958 in Liverpool, England) is a prolific musician and producer, best known for his 1990s band the Lightning Seeds. ... David Balfe (c. ... Zoo Label:Uncaged, a 1995 compilation of Zoo releases. ... From Y To Z and Never Again is an EP released by the seminal punk band Big In Japan. ... Echo & the Bunnymen are an English post-punk group, formed in Liverpool in 1978. ... The Teardrop Explodes (L to R) Alan Gill, Julian Cope, Gary Dwyer and David Balfe The Teardrop Explodes was a British New Wave/Neo-Psychedelic band formed in Liverpool in 1978. ... The Northern Isles are a chain of islands off the north coast of Scotland. ... Zoo Label:Uncaged, a 1995 compilation of Zoo releases. ...

1980s: A&R man & solo recording artist

Bill Drummond's solo album, The Man

Drummond later took a job in the mainstream music business as an A&R executive for the label WEA, working with Strawberry Switchblade, Zodiac Mindwarp and the Love Reaction, The Proclaimers and Brilliant. In July 1986, on his 33 and a third birthday, Drummond repented his corporate involvement and resigned his job by way of a "ringingly quixotic press release": "I will be 33.5 (sic) years old in September, a time for a revolution in my life. There is a mountain to climb the hard way, and I want to see the world from the top..."^[10] (In an interview in December 1990, Drummond recalled spending half a million pounds at WEA on the band Brilliant - for whom he envisioned massive worldwide success - only for them to completely flop. "At that point I thought 'What am I doing this for?' and I got out."^[11]) Image File history File links Bill_Drummond_-_The_Man. ... Image File history File links Bill_Drummond_-_The_Man. ... The Man is an album recorded and released by Scottish musician and music industry figure Bill Drummond in 1986. ... In the music industry, Artists and Repertoire (A&R) is the division of a record label company that is responsible for scouting and artist development. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Strawberry Switchblade was a Scottish indie pop-rock female duo that had a minor hit in the mid-1980s with their song They were signed to WEA Records by Bill Drummond. ... Zodiac Mindwarp and the Love Reaction are a British hard rock group. ... The Proclaimers are a Irish band composed of identical twins Charlie and Craig Reid. ... Brilliant were a British pop/rock group active in the 1980s. ... Brilliant were a British pop/rock group active in the 1980s. ...

Drummond was "obviously very sharp," said WEA chairman Rob Dickens, "and he knew the business. But he was too radical to be happy inside a corporate structure. He was better off working as an outsider."^[12]

Later in the year, Drummond issued a solo album, The Man, a country/folk music recording, backed by Australian rock group The Triffids. The album was perhaps most notable for the sardonic "Julian Cope Is Dead", where he outlined his fantasy of shooting the Teardrop Explodes frontman in the head to ensure the band's early demise and subsequent legendary status. The song has commonly been seen as a reply to the Cope song "Bill Drummond Said".^[13] As a B-side, Drummond wrote and recorded "The Managers Speech" in which he lamented the state of the music industry and offered his services to help fix it. The Man is an album recorded and released by Scottish musician and music industry figure Bill Drummond in 1986. ... The Triffids were an Australian rock band who achieved some international success in the 1980s. ... Julian Cope (born Julian David Cope, on 21 October 1957) is a British rock musician, author, antiquary, musicologist, and poet who came to prominence in 1978 as the singer and songwriter in Liverpool post-punk band The Teardrop Explodes. ...

The Man received positive reviews - including 4 stars from Q Magazine;^[14] and 5 from Sounds Magazine who called the album a "touching if idiosyncratic biographical statement".^[15] Drummond intended to focus on writing books once The Man had been issued but, as he recalled in 1990, "That only lasted three months, until I had an[other] idea for a record and got dragged back into it all".^[11] Q is a music and entertainment magazinepublished monthly in the United Kingdom. ... Sounds was a British music paper, published weekly from October 10, 1970 – April 6, 1991. ...

1987-1992: The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, The Timelords and The KLF

Main article: The KLF

While out walking on New Years Day 1987, Drummond formulated a plan to make a hip-hop record. However, "I wasn't brave enough to go and do it myself", he said. "...although I can play the guitar, and I can knock out a few things on the piano, I knew nothing, personally, about the technology. And, I thought, I knew Jimmy [Cauty], I knew he was a like spirit, we share similar tastes and backgrounds in music and things. So I phoned him up that day and said "Let's form a band called The Justified Ancients of Mu-Mu". And he knew exactly, to coin a phrase, "where I was coming from"."^[16] KLF redirects here. ... This article is about January 1st in the Gregorian calendar. ... James Cauty, Jimmy or Jimi, also known as Rockman Rock, was born in Devon, England in 1956 and not much is known about him until, as a 17-year old artist, he painted a popular Lord of the Rings poster (and later, a counterpart based on The Hobbit) for Athena. ...

Drummond and Cauty (who Drummond had signed to Food/WEA as a member of Brilliant) released their first single, The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu's "All You Need Is Love", in March 1987. This was followed by an album - 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) - in June of the same year, and a high-profile copyright dispute with ABBA and the Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society.^[17] A second and final album by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs) - Who Killed The JAMs? was released in February 1988. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Justified Ancients of Mummu is one of the two protagonist secret societies in the Illuminatus! series of books by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson. ... All You Need Is Love is a song by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, independently released as their debut single on 9 March 1987. ... 1987 (What The Fuck Is Going On?) was the debut album by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs) and a landmark release in the early history of sampling. ... Abba redirects here. ... The Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society (MCPS) is the United Kingdom body responsible for collecting and distributing royalties to composers, songwriters and publishers for recording of copyrighted music onto many different formats. ... Who Killed The JAMS? was the second album by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs). ...

Later in 1988, Drummond and Cauty released a 'novelty' pop single, "Doctorin' the Tardis" as The Timelords. The song reached number one in the UK Singles Chart on 12 June, and charted highly in Australia and New Zealand. On the back of this success, the duo self-published a book, The Manual (How to Have a Number One the Easy Way). “The Timelords” redirects here. ... “British Hit Singles” redirects here. ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Manual (How to Have a Number One the Easy Way) is a 1988 book by The Timelords (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty), better known as The KLF. It is a tongue-in-cheek step by step guide to achieving a No. ...

In March 1988, the duo regrouped as The KLF and released their first singles under this moniker, "Burn the Bastards" and "Burn the Beat". (From late 1987, Drummond and Cauty's independent record label had been named "KLF Communications".) As The KLF, Drummond and Cauty would amass fame and fortune. "What Time Is Love?" - a signature song which they would revisit and revitalise several times in the coming years - saw its first release in July 1988, and its success spawned an album, The "What Time Is Love?" Story, in September 1989. Chill Out, an ambient house album which had its roots in Cauty's chill-out sessions with The Orb's Alex Paterson, was released in February 1990. Described by The Times as "The KLF's comedown classic",^[18] Chill Out was named the fifth best dance album of all time in a 1996 Mixmag feature.^[19] KLF redirects here. ... Burn the Bastards is a 1988 song by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs), from their second and final album Who Killed The JAMs?. The bastards of the title are copies of The JAMs first album, 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going... Burn the Bastards is a 1988 song by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs), from their second and final album Who Killed The JAMs?. The bastards of the title are copies of The JAMs first album, 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going... In the UK, The KLF and their incarnations released an array of 12 singles and albums on their own independent record label KLF Communications. ... What Time Is Love? is a song and - in different mixes - a series of singles by acid house pioneers The KLF. What Time Is Love? is one of the landmark songs of The KLFs career and, in its original form, an acid house anthem. ... The What Time Is Love? Story is a compilation album by British electronic music duo The KLF, comprising six versions of their acid house track What Time Is Love?. // Origin By 1989, the popularity of the Pure Trance Original of What Time Is Love? in European clubs had allegedly spawned... For other uses, see chill out (disambiguation). ... Ambient house, a mix between house music and ambient music is a music style that describes itself as dreamy, chill out and quiet music. ... The Orb are an English electronic music group known for popularising chill out music in the 1990s and spawning the genre of ambient house. ... Alex Paterson (Duncan Robert Alex Paterson also known and abbreviated as Dr Alex Paterson, born October 15, 1959 in London) near Battersea is an English musician and co-founder of the ambient group The Orb, in which he has worked since its inception. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... See also: 1996 in music (UK) Musical groups established in 1996 Record labels established in 1996 January - two teenagers, Nicholaus McDonald and Brian Bassett, aged 18 and 16 respectively, murdered Bassetts parents and younger brother in McCleary. ... March 2007 issue Mixmag styles itself as, the worlds biggest dance music and clubbing magazine, with a circulation of 41,757 and a readership of 304,000. ...

The KLF's commercial success peaked in 1991, with The White Room album and the accompanying "Stadium House" singles, remixes of 1988's "What Time Is Love?", 1989's "3 a.m. Eternal", 1990's "Last Train to Trancentral"; and "Justified and Ancient", a new song based on a sample from 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?). The White Room is the name of a 1991 worldwide No. ... 3 a. ... Last Train To Trancentral is a song and - in different mixes - a series of singles by acid house pioneers The KLF. It is distinctive for an uplifting string-orchestrated break and a rhythm that mimicks the sound of a train in motion along its tracks. ... Justified and Ancient is a song by British band The KLF (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) which featured on their 1991 album The White Room but with origins dating back to the duos debut album, 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?). The song was remade and rereleased in...

In 1992, The KLF were awarded the "Best British group" BRIT Award. With hardcore heavy metal group Extreme Noise Terror, The KLF performed a live version of "3 a.m. Eternal" at the BRIT Awards ceremony, a "violently antagonistic performance" in front of "a stunned music-business audience".^[20] Later in the evening Drummond and Cauty dumped a dead sheep with the message "I died for ewe—bon appetit [sic]" tied around its waist at the entrance to one of the post-ceremony parties.^[21] NME listed this appearance at number 4 in their "top 100 rock moments",^[22] and, in 2003, The Observer named it the fifth greatest "publicity stunt" in the history of popular music.^[23] The Brit Awards are the annual United Kingdom pop music awards founded by the British Phonographic Industry. ... Heavy metals, in chemistry, are chemical elements of a particular range of atomic weights. ... Extreme Noise Terror (often abbreviated to ENT) is a crust, grindcore, and deathgrind band originally from Ipswich, England. ... 3 a. ... For other uses, see NME (disambiguation). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

On May 14, 1992, The KLF announced their immediate retirement from the music industry and the deletion of their entire back catalogue, an act which associate Scott Piering described as "[throwing] away a fortune".^[24] As when he left WEA, Drummond issued an enigmatic press release, this time talking of a "wild and wounded, glum and glorious, shit but shining path" he and Cauty had been following "...these past five years. The last two of which has [sic] led us up onto the commercial high ground—we are at a point where the path is about to take a sharp turn from these sunny uplands down into a netherworld of we know not what."^[25][26] There have been numerous suggestions that in 1992 Drummond was at the edge of a nervous breakdown.^[24][27] Vox Magazine wrote, for example, that 1992 was "the year of Bill's 'breakdown', when The KLF, perched on the peak of greater-than-ever success, quit the music business, ... [and] machine gunned the tuxedo'd twats in the front row of that year's BRIT Awards ceremony."^[28] Drummond himself said that he was on the edge of the "abyss".^[29] is the 134th day of the year (135th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Scott Piering (born 1946, died 24 January 2000) was a successful and influential American-born music publicist for many British music acts, including Pulp, The KLF, The Smiths, Stereophonics, The Orb, Placebo, Underworld and The Prodigy. ...

1993-1997: K Foundation, burning one million pounds, and other activities with Jimmy Cauty

Main articles: K Foundation and Fuck the Millennium

Bill Drummond and partner Jimmy Cauty burn a million pounds. From K Foundation Burn a Million Quid.

Despite The KLF's retirement from the music business, Drummond's involvement with Jimmy Cauty was far from over. In 1993, the pair regrouped as the K Foundation, ostensibly a foundation for the arts. They established the K Foundation art award for the "worst artist of the year". The award, worth £40,000, was presented to Rachel Whiteread on 23 November 1993 outside London's Tate Gallery. Ms Whiteread had just accepted the £20,000 1993 Turner Prize award for best British Contemporary artist inside the gallery.^[30] The K Foundation award attracted huge interest from the British broadsheet newspapers.^[31] The K Foundation was an arts foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty in 1993 following their retirement from the music industry. ... The KLF - also known by various other names including The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, The Timelords, The K Foundation, and 2K - were one of the seminal bands of the British acid house movement during the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Image File history File links The_K-Foundation_Burn_a_Million_Quid. ... Image File history File links The_K-Foundation_Burn_a_Million_Quid. ... On 23 August 1994, the K Foundation (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) burnt one million pounds sterling in cash on the Scottish island of Jura. ... The K Foundation was an arts foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty in 1993 following their retirement from the music industry. ... The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation to the worst artist of the year. ... Rachel Whiteread CBE (born 1963) is a British artist, best known for her sculptures, which typically take the form of casts, and first woman to win the Turner Prize. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... The Tate Gallery in the United Kingdom is a network of four galleries: Tate Britain (opened 1897), Tate Liverpool (1988), Tate St Ives (1993), Tate Modern (2000), with a complementary website Tate Online (1998). ... Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Newspaper sizes in August 2005. ...

Infamy followed when, on 23 August 1994, the K Foundation burnt what remained of The KLF's earnings - one million pounds sterling - at a boathouse on the Scottish island of Jura.^[32] A film of the event - Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid - was taken on tour, with Drummond and Cauty discussing the incineration with members of the public after each screening. In 2004 Drummond admitted to the BBC that he now regretted burning the money.^[33] "It's a hard one to explain to your kids and it doesn't get any easier. I wish I could explain why I did it so people would understand."^[34] {| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... For details of notes and coins, see British coinage and British banknotes. ... Boathouse Row on the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia, USA. Rowing boats stored inside a boathouse in Israel. ... This is a list of the islands of Scotland, the mainland of which is part of the island of Great Britain, as well as a table of the largest Scottish islands. ... Jura shown within Argyll Satellite picture of Jura Jura (Scottish Gaelic Diùra) is a Scottish island, in the Inner Hebrides. ... Watch the K-Foundation Burn a Million Quid is a 16mm colour documentary film of the K Foundation burning a million pounds in cash. ...

On 4 September 1995 the duo recorded "The Magnificent" for The Help Album. In 1997, Drummond and Cauty briefly re-emerged as 2K and K2 Plant Hire Ltd. with various plans to "Fuck the Millennium". K2 Plant Hire's published aim was to "build a massive pyramid containing one brick for every person born in the UK during the 20th century"^[35] Members of the public were urged to donate bricks, with 1.5 bricks per Briton being needed to complete the project.^[36] Drummond also contributed a short story titled "Let’s Grind, or How K2 Plant Hire Ltd Went to Work" to the book "Disco 2000".^[37] is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Help Album is a 1995 charity album, bringing together many contemporary British and Irish artists, with all proceeds going to the War Child charitys aid efforts in war-torn Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... This article is about the 1995 charity album. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... The KLF - also known by various other names including The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, The Timelords, The K Foundation, and 2K - were one of the seminal bands of the British acid house movement during the late 1980s and early 1990s. ...

1993 onwards: How to be an artist

In the years after the final activities of the K Foundation, Drummond has sought a career as an artist and writer.

In 1995, Drummond bought A Smell of Sulphur in the Wind by Richard Long, his favourite contemporary artist, for $20,000. Five years later, he attempted to sell the work by placing a series of placards around the country. When this failed to work, in 2001, he cut the photograph and text work into 20,000 pieces, to sell for $1 each.^[38][39] Detail of Riverlines installed in the lobby of the Hearst Tower (New York City) Richard Long (born June 2, 1945) is an English sculptor, photographer and painter, one of the best known British land artists. ...

In 2002, Bill Drummond was involved - along with Turner Prize nominee Tracey Emin - in a controversial exhibition at the deconsecrated St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool. Drummond contributed a guestbook which asked visitors "Is God a C***?".^[40] It was later reported that the artwork had been stolen and a £1000 reward offered for its return.^[41][42] Drummond himself said that he would answer "no" to his own question: "God is responsible for all the things I love, the speckles on a brown trout; the sound of Angus Young's guitar, the nape of my girlfriend's neck, the song of the blackcap when he returns in Spring. I never blame God for all the shit, for the baby Rwandan slaughtered in a casual genocide, the ever-present wars, drudgery and misery that fills most of our lives."^[43] Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ... Tracey Emin RA (born 3 July 1963) is an English artist of Turkish Cypriot origin, one of the group known as Britartists or YBAs (Young British Artists). ... St. ... This article is about the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... This article is about the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Morphs Salmo trutta morpha trutta Salmo trutta morpha fario Salmo trutta morpha lacustris The brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario and morpha lacustris) and the sea trout ( morpha trutta) are fish of the same species. ... Angus Young (born on 31 March 1955) is a guitarist, songwriter, and co-founder of the Australian hard rock band AC/DC, known for his wild stage energy and schoolboy-uniform stage outfits. ... Binomial name Sylvia atricapilla (Linnaeus, 1758) The Blackcap, Sylvia atricapilla, is a common and widespread Old World warbler which breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe. ... National motto: Liberty, Cooperation, Progress National anthem: Rwanda nziza Capital Kigali 1° 57′ S, 30° 4′ E Largest city Kigali Official languages French, Kinyarwanda, English, Swahili Government President Prime Minister republic; pres. ... The Rwandan Genocide was the systematic murder of the countrys Tutsi minority and the moderates of its Hutu majority, in 1994. ...

Other projects have included MyDeath.net, where people can plan their own funeral.^[44]

Drummond is also co-founder of The Foundry, an arts centre in Shoreditch, London^[45], and owner of The Curfew Tower in Cushendall, Northern Ireland.^[46] Via an arts trust called In You We Trust, Drummond loans the tower to young artists and exhibits their work.^[46][47] Shoreditch Town Hall Shoreditch is a place in the London Borough of Hackney. ... Statistics Population (2006 estimate) Cushendall or Bun Abhann Dalla (from the Irish: Cois Abhann Dalla meaning foot of the River Dall)is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. ...

1993 onwards: Music

Bill Drummond's involvement in the music industry has been minimal since his final collobaration with Jimmy Cauty as 2K in 1997.

In 1998, the Scottish Football Association invited Drummond to write and record a theme song for the Scotland national football team's 1998 FIFA World Cup campaign. It was reported that Drummond and Jimmy Cauty were in talks with the SFA.^[48] Drummond later wrote about the grandiose plans he had for the record: " I had the whole thing worked out in my head - the tune, the words, the video storyboard, even the Top of the Pops performance choreographed. All my experience in pop music had a reason after all. Everything I had gone through was leading to this point, to write this song, to make this record...." One of the highlights was to be "a 16 bar instrumental refrain featuring at least a hundred guitarists, each playing the same melody in unison! Every Scottish guitarist that ever made it into the UK Top 40 would be invited, from the lads out of the Bay City Rollers to Primal Scream; from Nazareth, Big Country, Orange Juice, The Alex Harvey Band, Josef K to The Humblebums."^[49] Drummond backed out as he realised the amount of effort that would be required (Del Amitri got the job) but he wondered if he had twisted fate by declining, because the other major football songs of that year were all made by associates of his: Keith Allen ("Vindaloo") and Ian Broudie ("Three Lions"), two men he had met on the same day when working on Illuminatus! in 1976, and former protege Ian McCulloch ("Top of the World"). "That night after I heard the three English World Cup football records", Drummond continued, "I fell asleep and had a dream. Ian Broudie, Ian McCulloch, Keith Allen and myself were sitting around that table in the Liverpool School of Language, Music, Dream and Pun. 'Why didn't you make your record, Bill? You know you were supposed to make it. It was agreed a long time ago. We made our records, why didn't you make yours?'". The Scottish Football Association (SFA) is the governing body for the sport of football in Scotland. ... First international Scotland 0–0 England  (Partick, Scotland; 30 November 1872) Biggest win Scotland 11–0 Ireland  (Glasgow, Scotland; 23 February 1901) Biggest defeat  Uruguay 7–0 Scotland (Basel, Switzerland; 19 June 1954) World Cup Appearances 8 (First in 1954) Best result Round 1, all European Championship Appearances 2 (First... 1998 World Cup redirects here. ... Storyboards are graphic organizers such as a series of illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of previsualizing a motion graphic or interactive media sequence, including website interactivity. ... Top of the Pops, also known as TOTP, was a long-running British music chart television programme, made and broadcast by the BBC. It was originally shown each week, mostly on BBC One, from 1 January 1964 to 30 July 2006. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... This article is about the genre of popular music. ... Sixteen-bar blues is a blues chord progression very similar to the eight bar blues form, except that blues is not traditionally associated with any set notation so sometimes it can be called sixteen bars instead of eight. ... An instrumental is, in contrast to a song, a musical composition or piece without lyrics or any other sort of vocal music; all of the music is produced by musical instruments. ... The UK Singles Chart is compiled by the Official UK Charts Company on behalf of the music industry. ... The Bay City Rollers were a Scottish Pop/rock band of the 1970s. ... For other uses, see Primal Scream (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Nazareth (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Big Country (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Orange juice (disambiguation). ... Alex Harvey (February 5, 1935 - February 4, 1982) was a Scottish rock and roll recording artist. ... Josef K was a Scottish post-punk band active in the early 1980s who released singles on legendary record label Postcard Records. ... The Humblebums were a Scottish folk band, based in Glasgow. ... The original Del Amitri line-up as seen on the cover of Melody Maker magazine in February 1985 Del Amitri are a British pop-rock guitar band, formed in Glasgow, Scotland in 1982. ... Keith Philip George Allen (born 2 June 1953) is a Welsh comedian, actor, singer and writer. ... Vindaloo was a single from 1998, recorded for the 1998 FIFA World Cup by Fat Les. ... Ian Broudie (born August 4, 1958 in Liverpool, England) is a prolific musician and producer, best known for his 1990s band the Lightning Seeds. ... This article is about the song. ... Ian McCulloch (born Ian Stephen McCulloch on 5 May 1959, in Liverpool) is an English singer best known for his work with Echo & the Bunnymen. ... First international Scotland 0 - 0 England (Partick, Scotland; 30 November 1872) Biggest win Ireland 0 - 13 England (Belfast, Ireland; 18 February 1882) Biggest defeat Hungary 7 - 1 England (Budapest, Hungary; 23 May 1954) World Cup Appearances 12 (First in 1950) Best result Winners, 1966 European Championship Appearances 7 (First in...

In 2000, Drummond released 45, a book consisting of a "series of loosely related vignettes forming the rambling diary of one year."^[50] 45 also explored Drummond's KLF legacy, and was well received by the press.^[51] 45 is a non-fiction book by Bill Drummond. ... In theater and script writing, vignettes are short, impressionistic scenes that focus on one moment or give one impression about a character, an idea, or a setting. ...

Reviews, accolades and criticism

In 1993, Select magazine named Drummond the "coolest person in pop": "What has this giant of coolness not achieved?", they asked: Select was a UK music magazine of the 90s, particularly famous for its involvement in Britpop. ...

Also in 1993, an NME piece about the K Foundation found much to praise in Drummond's career, from Zoo Records through to the K Foundation art award: "Bill Drummond's career is like no other... there's been cynicism... and there's been care (no one who didn't love pop music could have made a record so commercial and so Pet Shop Boys-lovely as 'Kylie Said to Jason', or the madly wonderful 'Last Train to Trancentral', or the Tammy Wynette version of 'Justified and Ancient'). There's been mysticism... But most of all there's been a belief that, both in music and life, there's something more." ^[9] The K Foundation was an arts foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty in 1993 following their retirement from the music industry. ... Zoo Label:Uncaged, a 1995 compilation of Zoo releases. ... The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation to the worst artist of the year. ... Pet Shop Boys are an English dance music duo, consisting of Neil Tennant who provides main vocals, keyboards and occasionally guitar, and Chris Lowe on keyboards and occasionally on vocals. ... The KLF (also known as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs), The Timelords and other names) were one of the seminal bands of the British acid house movement during the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Last Train To Trancentral is a song and - in different mixes - a series of singles by acid house pioneers The KLF. It is distinctive for an uplifting string-orchestrated break and a rhythm that mimicks the sound of a train in motion along its tracks. ... Tammy Wynette (May 5, 1942 – April 6, 1998) was an American country singer and songwriter. ... Justified and Ancient is a song by British band The KLF (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) which featured on their 1991 album The White Room but with origins dating back to the duos debut album, 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?). The song was remade and rereleased in...

Charles Shaar Murray wrote in The Independent that "[Bill] Drummond is many things, and one of those things is a magician. Many of his schemes... involve symbolically-weighted acts conducted away from the public gaze and documented only by Drummond himself and his participating comrades. Nevertheless, they are intended to have an effect on a worldful of people unaware that the act in question has taken place. That is magical thinking. Art is magic, and so is pop. Bill Drummond is a cultural magician..."^[53] Charles Shaar Murray is an English music journalist. ... For other uses, see The Independent (disambiguation). ...

Trouser Press referred to Drummond as a "high-concept joker";^[54] and Britain's The Sun called him a "madcap Scots genius".^[55] Cover of the April 1983 issue of Trouser Press magazine (#84) Trouser Press was a rock and roll magazine started in 1974 by editor/publisher Ira Robbins. ... This article is about a British tabloid. ...

Artistic output

Discography (solo)

• The Man (Creation Records, 1986)

The Man is an album recorded and released by Scottish musician and music industry figure Bill Drummond in 1986. ...

Bibliography

• The Manual (How to Have a Number One the Easy Way), with Jimmy Cauty as The Timelords (KLF Publications, 1988)
• Bad Wisdom, with Mark Manning (Penguin Books, 1996; Creation Books, 2003)
• From the Shores of Lake Placid and other stories (Ellipsis, 1999)
• 45 (Penkiln Burn, 2000)
• How To Be An Artist (Penkiln Burn, 2002)
• Wild Highway, with Mark Manning (Creation Books, 2005)
• 17 (Beautiful Books, 2008)

The Manual (How to Have a Number One the Easy Way) is a 1988 book by The Timelords (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty), better known as The KLF. It is a tongue-in-cheek step by step guide to achieving a No. ... In the UK, The KLF and their incarnations released six albums and a wide array of diverse 12  singles on their own independent record label KLF Communications during its five-year existence. ... Zodiac Mindwarp and the Love Reaction are a British hard rock group. ... It has been suggested that Penguin Modern Poets, Penguin Great Ideas be merged into this article or section. ... Creation Books is a British publishing house. ... 45 is a non-fiction book by Bill Drummond. ... Zodiac Mindwarp and the Love Reaction are a British hard rock group. ...

Art projects

Please help improve this section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion.

Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

Notes & references

GQ can refer to several things: Gentlemens Quarterly, a mens magazine The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code for Equatorial Guinea GQ, a replacement Quake 1 game engine This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Scotsman is a Scottish newspaper published in Edinburgh. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... For other uses, see Daily Express (disambiguation). ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... The Wire is a British avant garde music magazine. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Royal National Theatre from Waterloo Bridge The Royal National Theatre is a building complex and theatre company located on the South Bank in London, England immediately east of the southern end of Waterloo Bridge. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... This article concerns the British newspaper. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... GQ can refer to several things: Gentlemens Quarterly, a mens magazine The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code for Equatorial Guinea GQ, a replacement Quake 1 game engine This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Richard Skinner (born December 26th 1951) is a British radio and televison broadcaster. ... BBC Radio 1 (commonly referred to as just Radio 1) is a British national radio station operated by the BBC, specialising in popular music and speech and is aimed primarily at the 14-29[1] age group. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... Q is a music and entertainment magazinepublished monthly in the United Kingdom. ... Sounds was a British music paper, published weekly from October 10, 1970 – April 6, 1991. ... is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... BBC Radio 1 (commonly referred to as just Radio 1) is a British national radio station operated by the BBC, specialising in popular music and speech and is aimed primarily at the 14-29[1] age group. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see ABC Radio (disambiguation). ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 1987. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... March 2007 issue Mixmag styles itself as, the worlds biggest dance music and clubbing magazine, with a circulation of 41,757 and a readership of 304,000. ... This article concerns the British newspaper. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... February 29 is a day added into a leap year of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Select was a UK music magazine of the 90s, particularly famous for its involvement in Britpop. ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... GQ can refer to several things: Gentlemens Quarterly, a mens magazine The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code for Equatorial Guinea GQ, a replacement Quake 1 game engine This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation to the worst artist of the year. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... The Sunday Mail is a Scottish tabloid newspaper published every Sunday. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fortean Times is a British monthly magazine devoted to the anomalous phenomena popularised by Charles Fort. ... Founded by John Bird in September 1991, The Big Issue is a magazine in the United Kingdom that is edited by professional journalists and sold by homeless people. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a weekly magazine about popular music published in the UK. It is unlike many other popular music magazines due to its intended focus on guitar-based music and indie rock bands, instead of mainstream pop acts. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The Liverpool Echo and Liverpool Daily Post are two newspapers published by Trinity Mirror on Merseyside in the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... The Liverpool Echo and Liverpool Daily Post are two newspapers published by Trinity Mirror on Merseyside in the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Will Self William Self (born September 26, 1961) is an English novelist, reviewer and columnist. ... For other uses, see The Independent (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Profanity is a word choice or usage which many consider to be offensive. ... Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1,365,900. ... For other uses, see The Independent (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... The Sunday Times is the name of several Sunday newspapers. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section should include material from The (Belfast) News Letter The News Letter is one of Northern Irelands main daily news papers, published Monday to Saturday. ... This article is about the city in Northern Ireland. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about a British tabloid. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Herald is a common name for newspapers throughout the English-speaking world, and the Sunday editions are often called Sunday Herald. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 45 is a non-fiction book by Bill Drummond. ... Select was a UK music magazine of the 90s, particularly famous for its involvement in Britpop. ... Charles Shaar Murray is an English music journalist. ... For other uses, see The Independent (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... This article is about a British tabloid. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Interview with Bill Drummond on Cult Cargo
• Bill Drummond - Looking for business

Websites set up by Bill Drummond

• Penkiln Burn
• My Death
• You Whores
• Open Manifesto
• No Music Day
• The17