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Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy. Its name is a Hybrid word, originating from the Greek bios for "living" and the Latin lumen "light". Bioluminescence may be generated by symbiotic organisms carried within a larger organism. It is generated by an enzyme-catalyzed chemoluminescence reaction, wherein the pigment luciferin is oxidised by the enzyme luciferase. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is involved in most instances. The chemical reaction can occur either within or outside of the cell. In bacteria, the expression of genes related to bioluminescence is controlled by an operon called the Lux operon. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Etymologically, a hybrid word is a word that has one part derived from one language and another part derived from a different language. ...
Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...
Common Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) in their Magnificent Sea Anemone (Heteractis magnifica) home. ...
Lightsticks Chemoluminescence (sometimes chemiluminescence) is the emission of light (luminescence) as the result of a chemical reaction. ...
Luciferin is a generic name for light-emitting pigments found in organisms capable of bioluminescence, like fireflies, deep-sea fish and microbes. ...
Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ...
Luciferase is a generic name for enzymes commonly used in nature for bioluminescence. ...
Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ...
Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ...
For a non-technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to Genetics. ...
An operon is a group of key nucleotide sequences including an operator, a common promoter, and one or more structural genes that are controlled as a unit to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). ...
Binomial name Vibrio fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1896 Vibrio fischeri is a rod-shaped bacterium found globally in the marine environments. ...
Characteristics of the phenomenon
 Image of bioluminescent red tide event of 2005 at a beach in Carlsbad California showing brilliantly glowing crashing waves containing billions of Lingulodinium polyedrum dinoflagellates. Bioluminescence is a form of luminescence, or "cold light" emission; less than 20% of the light generates thermal radiation. It should not be confused with fluorescence, phosphorescence or refraction of light. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x371, 206 KB) Summary Long exposure image of red tide bioluminescence taken at midnight at a Carlsbad, California beach during the 2005 red tide event. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x371, 206 KB) Summary Long exposure image of red tide bioluminescence taken at midnight at a Carlsbad, California beach during the 2005 red tide event. ...
A red tide off the coast of La Jolla, California. ...
Classes Dinophyceae Noctiluciphyceae Syndiniophyceae The dinoflagellates are a large group of flagellate protists. ...
Luminescence is light not generated by high temperatures alone. ...
This page is a list of sources of light. ...
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of an object which is due to the objects temperature. ...
Fluorescence induced by exposure to ultraviolet light in vials containing various sized Cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots. ...
Phosphorescent powder under visible light, ultraviolet light, and total darkness. ...
The straw seems to be broken, due to refraction of light as it emerges into the air. ...
Ninety percent of deep-sea marine life is estimated to produce bioluminescence in one form or another. Most marine light-emission belongs in the blue and green light spectrum, the wavelengths that can transmit through the seawater most easily. However, certain loose jawed fish emit red and infrared light. Deep sea fish is a term for fish that live below the photic zone of the ocean. ...
YOU SUCK!!!!! ...
Mossy, green fountain in Wattens, Austria. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with light. ...
Annual mean sea surface salinity for the World Ocean. ...
Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ...
Image of two girls in mid-infrared (thermal) light (false-color) Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than that of visible light, but shorter than that of radio waves. ...
Non-marine bioluminescence is less widely distributed, but a larger variety in colours is seen. The two best-known forms of land bioluminescence are fireflies and New Zealand glow worms. Other insects, insect larvae, annelids, arachnids and even species of fungi have been noted to possess bioluminescent abilities. Genera Curtos Cyphonocerus Drilaster Ellychnia Hotaria Lampyris Lucidina Lucidota Luciola - Japanese fireflies Phausis Photinus - common eastern firefly Photuris Pristolycus Pyractomena Pyrocoelia Stenocladius many others Wikispecies has information related to: Lampyridae Lampyridae is a family in the beetle order Coleoptera, members of which are commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glow...
Genera about 30 genera The beetle family Phengodidae (LeConte, 1861) is known also as glowworm beetles or glowworms. ...
{{Taxobox | color = pink | name = Insects | fossil_range = Carboniferous - Recent | image = European honey bee extracts nectar. ...
Classes and subclasses Class Polychaeta (paraphyletic?) Class Clitellata* Oligochaeta - earthworms, etc. ...
Extant orders Acarina Amblypygi Araneae Opiliones Palpigradi Pseudoscorpionida Ricinulei Schizomida Solifugae Uropygi Arachnids are a class (Arachnida) of joint-legged invertebrate animals in the subphylum Chelicerata. ...
For the fictional character, see Fungus the Bogeyman. ...
Some forms of bioluminescence are brighter (or only exist) at night, following a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a roughly-24-hour cycle in the physiological processes of living beings, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. ...
 Artistic rendering of bioluminescent Antarctic krill (watercolor by Uwe Kils) bioluminescence antarctic krill - watercolor by Uwe Kils GFDL more images and information: http://www. ...
bioluminescence antarctic krill - watercolor by Uwe Kils GFDL more images and information: http://www. ...
Binomial name Euphausia superba Dana, 1850 The Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba ) is a species of krill found in the Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean. ...
Adaptations for bioluminescence There are four main accepted theories for the evolution of bioluminescent traits: This article is about evolution in biology. ...
Camouflage -
Countershaded Ibex are almost invisible in the Israeli desert. ...
Attraction Bioluminescence is used as a lure to attract prey by several deep sea fish such as the anglerfish. A dangling appendage that extends from the head of the fish attracts small animals to within striking distance of the fish. Some fish, however, use a non-bioluminescent lure. Lure can refer to: fishing lure Lure, a commune of the Haute-Saône département, in France This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Prey can refer to: Look up Prey in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A prey animal eaten by a predator in an act called predation. ...
Humpback anglerfish Deep sea fish is a term for fish that live below the photic zone of the ocean. ...
Suborders Antennarioidei Lophioidei Ogcocephalioidei See text for families. ...
An appendage is, in general, an external body part that projects from the body, or a natural prolongation or projection from a part of any organism. ...
The cookiecutter shark uses bioluminescence for camouflage, but a small patch on its underbelly remains dark and appears as a small fish to large predatory fish like tuna and mackerel. When these fish try to consume the "small fish", they are bitten by the shark. Binomial name Isistius brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) The Cookiecutter shark, Isistius brasiliensis (also known as the Cigar shark or Luminous shark) is a small rarely-seen dogfish shark. ...
A shoal of skipjack tuna Tuna are several species of ocean-dwelling fish in the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. ...
Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of fish, mostly, but not exclusively, from the family Scombridae. ...
Dinoflagellates have an interesting twist on this mechanism. When a predator of plankton is sensed through motion in the water, the dinoflagellate luminesces. This in turn attracts even larger predators which will consume the would-be predator of the dinoflagellate. Classes Dinophyceae Noctiluciphyceae Syndiniophyceae The dinoflagellates are a large group of flagellate protists. ...
This snapping turtle is trying to make a meal of a Canada goose, but the goose is too wary. ...
Photomontage of plankton organisms Plankton are any drifting organism that inhabits the water column of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh water. ...
The attraction of mates is another proposed mechanism of bioluminescent action. This is seen actively in fireflies who use periodic flashing in their abdomens to attract mates in the mating season. In the marine environment this has only been well-documented in certain small crustacean called ostracod. It has been suggested that pheromones may be used for long-distance communication, and bioluminescent used at close range to "home in" on the target. Sevenspotted Lady Beetles mating In biology, mating is the pairing of opposite-sex or hermaphroditic internal fertilization animals for copulation and, in social animals, also to raise their offspring. ...
Genera Curtos Cyphonocerus Drilaster Ellychnia Hotaria Lampyris Lucidina Lucidota Luciola - Japanese fireflies Phausis Photinus - common eastern firefly Photuris Pristolycus Pyractomena Pyrocoelia Stenocladius many others Wikispecies has information related to: Lampyridae Lampyridae is a family in the beetle order Coleoptera, members of which are commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glow...
Classes Remipedia Cephalocarida Branchiopoda Ostracoda Maxillopoda Malacostraca The crustaceans (Crustacea) are a large group of arthropods (55,000 species), usually treated as a subphylum. ...
Fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov gland (white-at tip of abdomen) releasing pheromone to entice swarm into an empty hive A pheromone is any chemical or set of chemicals produced by a living organism that transmits a message to other members of the same species. ...
It is possible that some mushrooms attract insects using bioluminescence so that the insects will help disseminate the fungus' spores into the environment. However, there has been no documentation of this suggestion. This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
{{Taxobox | color = pink | name = Insects | fossil_range = Carboniferous - Recent | image = European honey bee extracts nectar. ...
This article is about a biological reproductive structure; for the video game, see Spore (video game). ...
Repulsion Certain squid and small crustaceans use bioluminescent chemical mixtures, or bioluminescent bacterial slurries in the same way as many squid use ink. A cloud of luminescence is expulsed, confusing or repelling a potential predator while the squid or crustacean escapes to safety. Every species of firefly has larvae that glow to repel predators. Suborders Myopsina Oegopsina Squid are a large, diverse group of marine cephalopods. ...
Classes & Subclasses Branchiopoda Phyllopoda Sarsostraca Remipedia Cephalocarida Maxillopoda Thecostraca Tantulocarida Branchiura Pentastomida Mystacocarida Copepoda Ostracoda Myodocopa Podocopa Malacostraca Phyllocarida Hoplocarida Eumalacostraca The nauplius larva of a dendrobranchiate Porcellio scaber, the common rough woodlouse, a terrestrial crustacean Pollicipes polymerus, the gooseneck barnacle Glyphea pseudastacus, a fossil glypheoid The crustaceans (Crustacea) are...
Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ...
An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to render an image or text. ...
Communication Bioluminescence is thought to play a direct role in communication between bacteria (see quorum sensing). It promotes the symbiotic induction of bacteria into host species, and may play a role in colony aggregation. Quorum sensing is the ability of bacteria to communicate and coordinate behavior via signaling molecules. ...
Biotechnology Bioluminescent organisms are a target for many areas of research. Luciferase systems are widely used in the field of genetic engineering as reporter genes (see picture left). Luciferase systems have also been harnessed for biomedical research using bioluminescence imaging. File links The following pages link to this file: Genetic engineering Bioluminescence ...
File links The following pages link to this file: Genetic engineering Bioluminescence ...
An iconic image of genetic engineering; this autoluminograph from 1986 of a glowing transgenic tobacco plant bearing the luciferase gene, illustrating the possibilities of genetic engineering. ...
An iconic image of genetic engineering; this autoluminograph from 1986 of a glowing transgenic tobacco plant bearing the luciferase gene, illustrating the possibilities of genetic engineering. ...
In molecular biology, a reporter gene (often simply reporter) is a gene that researchers attach to another gene of interest in cell culture, animals or plants. ...
Bioluminescence is the process of light emission in living organisms. ...
Vibrio symbiosis with numerous marine invertebrates and fish, namely the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid (Euprymna scolopes) is a key experimental model for symbiosis, quorum sensing, and bioluminescence. Vibrio is a genus of bacteria, included in the gamma subgroup of the Proteobacteria. ...
Binomial name Euprymna scolopes Berry, 1913 The Hawaiian Bobtail Squid (Euprymna scolopes) is a species of bobtail squid native to the central Pacific Ocean, where it occurs in shallow coastal waters off the Hawaiian Islands and Midway Island. ...
A model organism is a species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the organism model will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. ...
Meat Ants harvest Leaf Hoppers for their honey dew. ...
Quorum sensing is the ability of bacteria to communicate and coordinate behavior via signaling molecules. ...
The structure of photophores, the light producing organs in bioluminescent organisms, are being investigated by industrial designers. A photophore is a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine fishes. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ...
Some proposed applications of engineered bioluminescence include:
- Christmas trees that do not need lights, reducing dangerous electronics
- glowing trees to line highways to save government electricity bills
- agricultural crops and domestic plants that luminesce when they need watering
- new methods for detecting bacterial contamination of meats and other foods
- bio-identifiers for escaped convicts and mental patients
- detecting bacterial species in suspicious corpses
- novelty pets that bioluminesce (rabbits, mice, fish etc.)
A Christmas tree from 1900. ...
Electronics is the study of the flow of charge through various materials and devices such as, semiconductors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, nano-structures, and vacuum tubes. ...
This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ...
Lightning strikes during a night-time thunderstorm. ...
Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world. ...
Feral mouse A mouse (plural mice) is a rodent that belongs to one of numerous species of small mammals. ...
A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ...
Organisms that bioluminesce All cells produce some form of bioluminescence within the electromagnetic spectrum, but most are neither visible nor noticeable to the naked eye. Every organism's bioluminescence is unique in wavelength, duration, timing and regularity of flashes. Below follows a list of organisms which have been observed to have visible bioluminescence.
Non-marine organisms Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ...
Genera Curtos Cyphonocerus Drilaster Ellychnia Hotaria Lampyris Lucidina Lucidota Luciola - Japanese fireflies Phausis Photinus - common eastern firefly Photuris Pristolycus Pyractomena Pyrocoelia Stenocladius many others Wikispecies has information related to: Lampyridae Lampyridae is a family in the beetle order Coleoptera, members of which are commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glow...
Genera about 30 genera The beetle family Phengodidae (LeConte, 1861) is known also as glowworm beetles or glowworms. ...
Species several The railroad worm is a larva or larviform adult of beetles of the genus Phrixothrix in family Phengodidae, characterized by their unique possession of two different colors of bioluminescence. ...
Genera About 150 see list of mycetophilid/keroplatid genera Mycetophilidae is a family of very small flies, forming the bulk of those species known as fungus gnats. ...
Suborders Nematocera (includes Eudiptera) Brachycera Wikispecies has information related to: Diptera True flies are insects of the Order Diptera (Greek: di = two, and pteron = wing), possessing a single pair of wings on the mesothorax and a pair of halteres, derived from the hind wings, on the metathorax. ...
Orders and Families See text Centipedess (Class Chilopoda) are fast-moving venomous, predatory, terrestrial arthropods that have long bodies and many jointed legs. ...
Subclasses, orders and families See text. ...
Classes and subclasses Class Polychaeta (paraphyletic?) Class Clitellata* Oligochaeta - earthworms, etc. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
Foxfire is the term for an eerie glow in the forest generally attributed to bioluminescent fungus (genus Armillaria) which grows on decaying wood. ...
Binomial name Omphalotus olearius The Jack OLantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius) is an orange to red gill mushroom that is similar in appearance to the chanterelle, and most notable for its bioluminescent properties. ...
Binomial name Omphalotus nidiformis (Berk. ...
Honey mushrooms, Armillaria Borealis (?) Honey fungus ( Armillaria sp. ...
Type species Mycena galericulata Species See text Mycena is a large genus of small saprophytic mushrooms which are rarely more than a few centimeters in width. ...
Fish Binomial name Isistius brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) The Cookiecutter shark (also known as the Cigar shark or Luminous shark) is a small rarely-seen shark which often glows green and grows up to 20 inches long. ...
Genera Argyropelecus Polypipnus Sternoptyx Marine hatchetfish are small, deep-sea bathypelagic fish of the family Sternoptychidae, together with bottlelights, pearlsides and constellationfish. ...
Suborders Antennarioidei Lophioidei Ogcocephalioidei See text for families. ...
Genera Anomalops Phthanophaneron Kryptophanaron Parmops Photoblepharon Phthanophaneron Protoblepharon The term flashlight fish can either refer to: a family of fish, the Anomalopidae, also known as the lanterneye fish any one of a number of individual species, most but not all within that family, most commonly to the flashlight fish Photoblepharon...
Genera Cleidopus Monocentris Pineconefish are small and unusual beryciform marine fish of the family Monocentridae. ...
Species Porichthys analis Porichthys bathoiketes Porichthys ephippiatus Porichthys greenei Porichthys kymosemeum Porichthys margaritatus Porichthys mimeticus Porichthys myriaster Porichthys notatus Porichthys oculellus Porichthys oculofrenum Porichthys pauciradiatus Porichthys plectrodon Porichthys porosissimus Porichthys queenslandiae The Midshipman fishes are the genus Porichthys of toadfishes. ...
Binomial name B. Cerascetus Beebe, 1934 Beebes Monster, so named for William Beebe, who discovered it in 1930 while on a bathysphere dive, is a prime example of cryptozoology turned zoology. ...
Binomial name Eurypharynx pelecanoides Vaillant, 1882 The gulper eel, Eurypharynx pelecanoides, is a deep-sea fish rarely seen by humans, though the creatures are occasionally snagged in fishermens nets. ...
Genera Many; see text Grenadiers or rattails (less commonly whiptails) are generally large, brown to black gadiform marine fish of the family Macrouridae. ...
Marine invertebrates Classes Anthozoa - Corals and sea anemones Cubozoa - Sea wasps or box jellyfish Hydrozoa - Hydroids, hydra-like animals Scyphozoa - Jellyfish Cnidaria is a phylum containing some 10,000 species of relatively simple animals found exclusively in aquatic environments (most species are marine). ...
Families Suborder Sessiliflorae Anthoptilidae Chunellidae Echinoptilidae Funiculinidae Kophobelemnidae Protoptilidae Renillidae Scleroptilidae Stachyptilidae Umbellulidae Veretillidae Suborder Subselliflorae Pennatulidae Pteroeididae Virgulariidae Sea Pens are colonial marine cnidarians belonging to the order Pennatulacea. ...
Extant Subclasses and Orders Alcyonaria Alcyonacea Helioporacea Zoantharia Antipatharia Corallimorpharia Scleractinia Zoanthidea [1][2] See Anthozoa for details For other uses, see Coral (disambiguation). ...
Binomial name Aequorea victoria (Murbach and Shearer, 1902) Aequorea victoria is a luminescent jellyfish found off the west coast of North America. ...
Orders Stauromedusae Coronatae Semaeostomeae Rhizostomae Jellyfish are marine invertebrates belonging to the Scyphozoan class. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
Classes ?Helicoplacoidea †?Arkarua †?Homalozoa †Eleutherozoa Asteroidea (1,800 species) Concentricycloidea (2 species) Echinoidea (1,000 species) Holothuroidea (1,000 species) Ophiuroidea (1,500+ species) Pelmatozoa Crinoidea (540+ species) Edrioasteroidea†Blastoidea †Cystoidea †Eocrinoidea ††= extinct Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata, from the Greek for spiny skin) are a phylum of marine animals found at...
Infraorders Anthobranchia Cladobranchia See text for superfamilies. ...
Littleneck clams; the pictured mollusks are of the species Mercenaria mercenaria. ...
Classes & Subclasses Branchiopoda Phyllopoda Sarsostraca Remipedia Cephalocarida Maxillopoda Thecostraca Tantulocarida Branchiura Pentastomida Mystacocarida Copepoda Ostracoda Myodocopa Podocopa Malacostraca Phyllocarida Hoplocarida Eumalacostraca The nauplius larva of a dendrobranchiate Porcellio scaber, the common rough woodlouse, a terrestrial crustacean Pollicipes polymerus, the gooseneck barnacle Glyphea pseudastacus, a fossil glypheoid The crustaceans (Crustacea) are...
Orders Archaeocopida (extinct) Leperditicopida (extinct) Palaeocopida (extinct) Podocopida Platycopida Myodocopida Introduction Ostracoda is a class of the Crustacea, sometimes known as the seed shrimp because of their appearance. ...
Families Euphausiidae Euphausia Dana, 1852 Meganyctiphanes Holt and W. M. Tattersall, 1905 Nematobrachion Calman, 1905 Nematoscelis G. O. Sars, 1883 Nyctiphanes G. O. Sars, 1883 Pseudeuphausia Hansen, 1910 Stylocheiron G. O. Sars, 1883 Tessarabrachion Hansen, 1911 Thysanoessa Brandt, 1851 Thysanopoda Latreille, 1831 Bentheuphausiidae Bentheuphausia amblyops Krill are shrimp-like marine...
Suborders †Pohlsepia (incertae sedis) †Proteroctopus (incertae sedis) †Palaeoctopus (incertae sedis) Cirrina Incirrina Synonyms Octopoida Leach, 1817 The octopus (Greek , eight-legs) is a cephalopod of the order Octopoda that inhabits many diverse regions of the ocean, especially coral reefs. ...
Genera Bolitaena Dorsopsis Eledonella Japetella Bolitaenidae is a family of small, common pelagic octopuses found in all tropical and temperate oceans of the world. ...
Suborders Myopsina Oegopsina Squid are a large, diverse group of marine cephalopods. ...
Suborders Myopsina Oegopsina Squids are the large, diverse group of marine mollusks, popular as food in cuisines as widely separated as the Japanese and the Italian. ...
Binomial name Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925 The Colossal Squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni), sometimes called the Antarctic or Giant Cranch Squid, is believed to be the largest squid species. ...
Genera Idioteuthis Mastigoteuthis The Mastigoteuthidae, also known as whip-lash squid, are a family of smalll deep-sea squid. ...
Genera 14, see text Classification Order Sepiolida: bobtail squid Family Idiosepiidae Family Sepiolidae Subfamily Heteroteuthinae Genus Heteroteuthis Odd Bobtail, Heteroteuthis (Heteroteuthis) dispar Heteroteuthis (Heteroteuthis) weberi Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) dagamensis Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) hawaiiensis Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) serventyi Genus Iridoteuthis Iridoteuthis iris Iridoteuthis maoria Genus Nectoteuthis Nectoteuthis pourtalesi Genus Sepiolina Japanese Bobtail, Sepiolina nipponensis...
Binomial name Watasenia scintillans Ishikawa, 1914 The Sparkling Enope Squid (Watasenia scintillans), also known as the Firefly Squid, is a member of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea, order Teuthida. ...
Plankton and microbes Classes Dinophyceae Noctiluciphyceae Syndiniophyceae The dinoflagellates are a large group of flagellate protists. ...
Genera Allomonas Beneckea Enhydrobacter Listionella Lucibacterium Photobacterium Salinivibrio Vibrio The Vibrionaceae are a family of Proteobacteria, given their own order. ...
Binomial name Vibrio fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1896 Vibrio fischeri is a rod-shaped bacterium found globally in the marine environments. ...
Vibrio harveyi is a species of marine bioluminescent vibrio species almost ecologically identical to Vibrio fischeri. ...
Photobacterium Phosphoreum or Vibrio Phosphoreum is a Gram-negative luminescent bacterium that lives in symbiosis with marine organisms. ...
See also A biophoton (from the Greek βιο meaning life and φωτο meaning light) is a photon of light emitted in some fashion from a biological system. ...
De Phenomenis in Orbe Lunae is a 1612 book by Collegio Romano philosophy professor Giulio Cesare de Galla that presents the first account in the Western world of bioluminescence. ...
Foxfire is the term for an eerie glow in the forest generally attributed to bioluminescent fungus (genus Armillaria) which grows on decaying wood. ...
A Standard Household Light bulb This page is a list of sources of light. ...
Alba is a rabbit that was genetically created by French geneticist Dr. Louis-Marie Houdebine with the GFP gene found in the jellyfish, Aequorea victoria and the sea pansy that fluoresces green when exposed to blue light, and when Alba was exposed to such light he would literally glow green. ...
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