| ?Horse flies |
Horsefly, Tabanus sp. | | Scientific classification | | | | Genera | | as listed in ITIS:
Subfamily Chrysopsinae:
Merycomyia
Chrysops
Neochrysops
Silvius
Subfamily Pangoniinae:
Apatolestes
Asaphomyia
Brennania
Esenbeckia
Pangonia
Pegasomyia
Stonemyia
Goniops
Subfamily Tabaninae:
Anacimas
Bolbodimyia
Catachlorops
Chlorotabanus
Diachlorus
Dichelacera
Holcopsis
Lepiselaga
Leucotabanus
Microtabanus
Stenotabanus
Haematopota
Agkistrocerus
Atylotus
Hamatabanus
Hybomitra
Poeciloderas
Tabanus
Whitneyomyia
Not placed:
Zophina Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x819, 292 KB) Summary Description: jpeg image, horse fly, Diptera family Tabanidae, Tabanus sp. ...
Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ...
Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subregnum Agnotozoa Placozoa (trichoplax) Orthonectida (orthonectids) Rhombozoa (dicyemids) Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) (radial symmetry) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anemones) Bilateria (unranked) (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Myxozoa (slime animals) Superphylum Deuterostomia (blastopore becomes anus) Chordata (vertebrates, etc. ...
Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - Trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - Spiders, Scorpions, etc. ...
Orders Subclass Apterygota Symphypleona - globular springtails Subclass Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) Subclass Dicondylia Monura - extinct Thysanura (common bristletails) Subclass Pterygota Diaphanopteroidea - extinct Palaeodictyoptera - extinct Megasecoptera - extinct Archodonata - extinct Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Blattodea (cockroaches) Mantodea (mantids) Isoptera (termites) Zoraptera Grylloblattodea Dermaptera (earwigs) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets...
Orders Palaeodictyoptera - extinct Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Blattodea (cockroaches) Mantodea (mantids) Isoptera (termites) Zoraptera Grylloblattodea (rock crawlers) Dermaptera (earwigs) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Phasmatodea (walking sticks, timemas) Embioptera (webspinners) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Superorder Hemipterodea Psocoptera (booklice, barklice) Phthiraptera (lice) Hemiptera (true bugs) Thysanoptera (thrips) Superorder...
Orders Blattodea (cockroaches) Mantodea (mantids) Isoptera (termites) Zoraptera Grylloblattodea Dermaptera (earwigs) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Phasmatodea (walking sticks, timemas) Embioptera (webspinners) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Superorder Hemipterodea Psocoptera (booklice, barklice) Phthiraptera (lice) Hemiptera (true bugs) Thysanoptera (thrips) Superorder Endopterygota Miomoptera - extinct Megaloptera (alderflies, etc. ...
Orders Coleoptera (beetles) Diptera (flies and relatives) Hymenoptera (wasps and relatives) Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) Mecoptera Megaloptera Miomoptera (extinct) Neuroptera Raphidioptera (snakeflies) Siphonaptera (fleas) Strepsiptera Trichoptera (caddisflies) The Endopterygota, also known as Holometabola, are insects of the subclass Pterygota which go through distinctive larval, pupal, and adult stages. ...
Suborders Nematocera(Eudiptera) Brachycera Green Bottle Fly Flesh Fly Fannia a Lesser House Fly (unidentified species) Dolichopodidae (unidentified species) Diptera (di - two, ptera – wings), or true flies, is the order of insects in which the hind wings are reduced to halteres. ...
Infraorder Orthorrhapha Cyclorrhapha Muscomorpha Brachycera is a suborder of Diptera. ...
In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ...
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is a partnership designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the taxonomy of biological species. ...
Species Chrysops carbonarius Chrysops niger Chrysops vittatus Deer flies () are insects of the Tabanidae family that can be pests of cattle, horses, and humans. ...
| Horse flies (family Tabanidae) are among the world's largest flies. These flies are often considered pests because of the painful bites that many, though not all, of the species can inflict on animals and humans. They are also important pollinators of flowers, especially in South Africa. Tabanids occur worldwide, being absent only at extreme northern and southern latitudes. Flies of this type are among those known sometimes as "gadflies", "zimbs" or "clegs." This article is about the insect. ...
A pollinator is the agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain. ...
A type of insect, horse flies are classified as true flies in the order Diptera. There are approximately 3,000 species of horse flies known worldwide, 350 of which are found in North America. At least three subfamilies are recognised: Classes & Orders See taxonomy Insects are invertebrate animals of the Class Insecta, the largest and (on land) most widely-distributed taxon within the phylum Arthropoda. ...
Suborders Nematocera(Eudiptera) Brachycera Green Bottle Fly Flesh Fly Fannia a Lesser House Fly (unidentified species) Dolichopodidae (unidentified species) Diptera (di - two, ptera – wings), or true flies, is the order of insects in which the hind wings are reduced to halteres. ...
World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...
- Chrysopsinae
- Pangoniinae
- Tabaninae
- the genus Zophina is of uncertain placement, though it has been classified among the Pangoniinae.
The two best-known types are the common horse flies, genus Tabanus Linnaeus, 1758 and the deerflies, genus Chrysops Meigen, 1802 also known as banded horse flies because of their coloring. Both these genera give their names to subfamilies. The "Blue Tail Fly" in the eponymous song was probably a tabanid common to the southeastern United States. In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ...
Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as , (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[1] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Blue Tail Fly, De Blue Tail Fly, or Jimmy Crack Corn is a blackface minstrel song, first performed in the United States in the 1840s, which remains a popular childrens song today. ...
Diet Adult horse flies feed on nectar and sometimes pollen. Females usually also feed on blood which aids in egg development. Males lack the necessary mouth parts (mandibles) for blood feeding. Most horse flies feed on mammal blood, but some species are known to feed on birds, amphibians or reptiles. Immature or larval horse flies are fossorial predators of other invertebrates in moist environments. This article is about the human bone. ...
A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ...
A fossorial is an organism that is adapted to digging and life underground such as the mole salamanders Ambystomatidae. ...
Invertebrate is a term coined by Chevalier de Lamarck to describe any animal without a backbone or vertebra, like insects, squids and worms. ...
Sight The females' primary sense for locating prey is sight, and they have large compound eyes that serve this purpose well. The flies usually lay waiting in shady areas for prey to happen by. They are attracted to large, dark objects, and to certain animal odors and carbon dioxide. They are also attracted by motion, their eyes being well adapted to its detection. The eyes of horse flies are generally brightly colored, and this coloration is one of the means entomologists use to identify them to species, though the colors rarely persist after death. Sex in most species can be distinguished based on shape of the eyes relative to the frons. Males horse flies are usually holoptic, meaning that their eyes meet and take up the majority of the head. In females, the eyes are separated by a space called the frons. Compound eye of a dragonfly Compound eye of Antarctic krill as imaged by an electron microscope A compound eye is a visual organ found in certain arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. ...
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ...
Entomology is the scientific study of insects. ...
Bite The bite from a larger specimen can be singularly painful, especially considering the light, agile, and airborne nature of the fly. Unlike insects which surreptiously puncture the skin with needle-like organs, horse flies have mandibles like tiny serrated scimitars, which they use to rip and/or slice flesh apart. This causes the blood to seep out as the horsefly licks it up. They may even carve a chunk completely out of the victim, to be digested at its leisure. When attacking humans they usually prefer the buttocks, legs, and feet, though they have been known to attack arms as well. A scimitar with a large blade (kilij) This article refers to the scimitar sword. ...
The horsefly's modus operandi is less secretive than that of its mosquito counterparts, although it still aims to escape before pain signals reach their mark's sphere of awareness. Moreover, the greviousness of a horsefly bite may mean than the victim is more concerned with assessing and repairing the wound, than finding and swatting the interloper. Modus operandi (often used in the abbreviated form MO) is a Latin phrase, approximately translated as mode of operation. ...
Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and ones environment. ...
Habitat Horse flies are most active in hot weather, mostly in summer and autumn during the daylight hours. Most species also prefer a wet climate, which makes it easier for them to breed. Horse flies are known to mate in horse feces.
Predators Aside from generalized predators such as birds, there are also specialist predators such as the Horse Guard, a type of Sand wasp that preferentially attacks horse flies. Binomial name Stictia carolina Fabricius, 1793 The Horse Guard is a type of Sand wasp from the eastern United States which preys primarily upon horse flies. ...
Genera Bembecinus Bembix Bicyrtes Editha Glenostictia Microbembex Stictiella Stictia Zyzzyx, etc. ...
Reproduction Eggs are generally laid on stones close to water or on plant stems or leaves. On hatching, the larvae fall into water or moist earth, feeding voraciously on invertebrates, such as snails and earthworms, and small vertebrates. A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ...
Diseases Some horsefly species are known to transmit disease and/or parasites. Species in the genus Chrysops are biological vectors of Loa loa, transmitting this filarial worm between humans. They have also been known to transmit Anthrax among cattle and sheep. A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ...
Species Chrysops carbonarius Chrysops niger Chrysops vittatus Deer flies () are insects of the Tabanidae family that can be pests of cattle, horses, and humans. ...
Traditionally in medicine, a vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another. ...
Loa loa filariasis (also loiasis) is a disease caused by the worm loa loa filaria. ...
Filariasis is a parasitic and infectious tropical disease, caused by the thread-like parasitic filarial worms, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori, all transmitted by mosquitoes. ...
A common problem in some animals, though, when large flies are abundant, is blood loss. Some animals have been known to lose up to 300 ml of blood in a single day, which can severely weaken or even kill them. The millilitre is the equivalent of a cubic centimetre. ...
Citation "Although the tsetse flies were responsible for transmitting sleeping sickness in most areas, occasionally an epidemic occurred in which the disease might be conveyed to cattle by direct contact with the ordinary horsefly, tanidae. This probably occurred when swarms of these flies surrounded the wretched animals. In one such epidemic some 3000 head of cattle died of trypanosomal disease in northern Rhodesia. Sir David and Lady Bruce returned to England in 1913. David Bruce reported the results achieved by this Sleeping Sickness Commission of the Royal Society in the Croonian Lectures in 1915." [1] Tsetse are large biting flies from Africa which live by feeding on the blood of vertebrate animals. ...
It has been suggested that Trypanosomiasis be merged into this article or section. ...
David Bruce jr. ...
See also
Gallery A Tabanid from the Western Ghats The Western Ghats are a mountain range in India. ...
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