African-Americans as percent of population, 2000. The Black Belt is the name of a region of the United States. Originally referring to the prairies and dark soil of central Alabama and northeast Mississippi, the term has long been used for a broad region in the American South characterized by a high population percentage of African Americans, acute poverty, rural decline, inadequate education programs, low educational attainment, poor health care, substandard housing, and high levels of crime and unemployment. While African Americans are particularly affected, these problems apply to the general population of the region. There are various definitions of the region, but in general it is a belt-like band through the center of the Deep South, stretching north through Virginia and west at least as far as Louisiana and Arkansas. In many martial arts, each practitioners level is marked by the colour of the belt. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 77 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing percentage of population self-reported as Black, by census tract, 2000. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 77 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing percentage of population self-reported as Black, by census tract, 2000. ...
This article is about the U.S. State. ...
This article is about the U.S. state. ...
An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ...
Percent below each countrys official poverty line, according to the CIA factbook. ...
This graph shows the educational attainment since 1947. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Regional definitions vary from source to source. ...
This article is about the U.S. state. ...
Official language(s) de jure: none de facto: English & French Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans [1] Area Ranked 31st - Total 51,885 sq mi (134,382 km²) - Width 130 miles (210 km) - Length 379 miles (610 km) - % water 16 - Latitude 29°N to 33°N - Longitude 89°W...
Official language(s) English Capital Little Rock Largest city Little Rock Largest metro area Little Rock Metropolitan Area Area Ranked 29th - Total 53,179 sq mi (137,002 km²) - Width 239 miles (385 km) - Length 261 miles (420 km) - % water 2. ...
African-American population density, 2000. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 98 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing density of self-reported Black population, in persons per square mile, by census tract, 2000. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 98 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing density of self-reported Black population, in persons per square mile, by census tract, 2000. ...
History
The term "Black Belt" is still used in the physiographic sense, describing a crescent-shaped region about 300 miles long and up to 25 miles wide, extending from southwest Tennessee to east-central Mississippi and then east through Alabama to the Georgia state line. Before the 19th century, this region was a mosaic of prairies and oak-hickory woods.[1] True-color image of the Earths surface and atmosphere Physical geography (also know as geosystems or physiography) is a subfield of geography that focuses on the systematic study of patterns and processes within the hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. ...
In the 1820s and 1830s this Black Belt region was identified as prime land for cotton plantations, resulting in a rush of immigrant planters and their slaves known as "Alabama Fever". The region became one of the cores of an expanding cotton plantation system that spread through much of the American South. Over time the term "Black Belt" came to refer to the larger area of the South with historic ties to slave plantation agriculture and the cash crops of cotton, rice, sugar, and tobacco. Slave redirects here. ...
This box: A plantation economy is an economy which is based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few staple products grown on large farms called plantations. ...
In agriculture, a cash crop is a crop which is sold for money. ...
After the American Civil War, slave-based plantations were generally replaced with a system of sharecropping. Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total...
Chopping cotton on rented land near White Plains, Greene County, Ga. ...
Once a richly productive region, the early 20th century brought a general economic collapse due to many factors such as soil erosion and depletion, the boll weevil invasion and subsequent collapse of the cotton economy, and the socially repressive Jim Crow laws. What had been one of the nation's wealthiest and most politically powerful regions became one of the most poverty-stricken. Binomial name Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843 Wikispecies has information related to: Boll weevil The boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) is a beetle measuring an average length of six millimeters (¼ inch). ...
The Jim Crow Laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965. ...
The African American Civil Rights Movement of the middle 20th century had roots in the center of the old Black Belt. Despite the successes of the Civil Rights Movement, the Black Belt region itself remains one of the nation's poorest and most distressed. Prominent figures of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. ...
Most of the Black Belt remains rural, with a diverse range of crops including most of the nation's peanut and soybean production. Despite many changes, because of the social, economic, and cultural developments in the South, as well as the Great Migration of many African Americans to other regions in the early 20th century, the Black Belt is seen by some as a national territory of the African American people within the United States, where African Americans have the right to self-determination, up to and including the right to independence. Binomial name L. This article is about the legume. ...
Binomial name (L.) Merr. ...
The states in blue had the ten largest net gains of African-Americans during the Great Migration, while the states in red had the ten largest net losses[1]. The Great Migration was the movement of over 1 million[1] African Americans out of the rural Southern United States from...
Self-determination is a principle in international law that a people ought to be able to determine their own governmental forms and structure free from outside influence. ...
Definitions There are many different definitions and geographic delineations of the Black Belt. One of the earliest and most frequently cited is that of Booker T. Washington, who wrote in his 1901 autobiography Up from Slavery: Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author and leader of the African American community. ...
The term was first used to designate a part of the country which was distinguished by the colour of the soil. The part of the country possessing this thick, dark, and naturally rich soil was, of course, the part of the South where the slaves were most profitable, and consequently they were taken there in the largest numbers. Later and especially since the war, the term seems to be used wholly in a political sense—that is, to designate the counties where the black people outnumber the white. In this definition, there are 96 counties with an African American population percentage over 50%, of which 95 are distributed across the Coastal and Lowland South in a loose arc.[2]
W.E.B. Du Bois wrote about the Black Belt in his 1903 book The Souls of Black Folk. This article or section needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ...
The title page of the second edition The Souls of Black Folk is a well-known work of African-American literature by activist W.E.B. Du Bois. ...
Other sources describe the Black Belt as "roughly 200 counties".[3] In 1936, sociologist Arthur Raper described the Black Belt as some two-hundred plantation counties with an African American population over 50%, lying "in a crescent from Virginia to Texas".[4]
Recently there have been proposals to create a federal regional commission similar to the Appalachian Regional Commission to address the social and economic problems of the Black Belt. This politically defined region, called the "Southern Black Belt", is a patchwork of 623 counties scattered through South.[5][6] Areas included within the Appalachian Regional Commissions charter The Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) is a United States federal-state partnership that works with the people of Appalachia to create opportunities for self-sustaining economic development and improved quality of life. ...
See also Harry Haywood // Harry Haywood (February 6, 1898 - January 1985) was born in South Omaha, Nebraska to former slaves, Harriet and Haywood Hall. ...
FRSO Logo from frso. ...
The Republic of New Africa flag is that first used by Marcus Garvey. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
References
Further reading - Du Bois, W. E. Burghardt. Black Reconstruction in America 1860-1880 (1935), ISBN 0-689-70820-3
- Haywood, Harry. Black Bolshevik: Autobiography of an Afro-American Communist. Chicago: Liberator Press, 1978.
- Wimberley, Ronald C. and Libby V. Morris. The Southern Black Belt: A National Perspective. Lexington: TVA Rural Studies and The University of Kentucky, 1997.
- Washington, Booker T. (1901) Up From Slavery: An Autobiography. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Co.
- Up From Slavery, available at Project Gutenberg.
Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works. ...
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