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Coordinates: 53°44′42″N 2°28′37″W / 53.7449, -2.4769 Blackburn is the name of a number of places in the world: United Kingdom Blackburn, Lancashire, North West England, United Kingdom Blackburn with Darwen (unitary authority), Lancashire, North West England, United Kingdom Blackburn, West Lothian, Scotland, United Kingdom Blackburn, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, United Kingdom Elsewhere Blackburn, Victoria, Australia Blackburn, New Zealand...
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Image File history File links Red_pog2. ...
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...
This is a list of the largest cities and towns of England ordered by population. ...
The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ...
The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ...
Blackburn with Darwen (Dwrgwyn) is a borough in Lancashire, North West England. ...
The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ...
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...
The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ...
North West England is one of the nine regions of England. ...
Constituent countries is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a number of countries make up a larger entity or grouping, concerning these countries; thus the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has used the phrase in reference to the parts of former Yugoslavia...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
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A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ...
UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ...
The BB postcode area, also known as the Blackburn postcode area[1], is a group of postal districts around Accrington, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley, Clitheroe, Colne, Darwen, Nelson and Rossendale in England. ...
+44 redirects here. ...
There are a number of policing agencies in the United Kingdom. ...
Lancashire Constabulary is the police force responsible for policing the county of Lancashire in the North West of England. ...
A Fire Appliance belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational...
The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide, statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire, England. ...
The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warners plans to reduce the number of NHS ambulance service trusts operating in the United Kingdom to 12. ...
This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name. ...
The constituency within England. ...
The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ...
Location within the British Isles. ...
List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places within counties List of places in Bedfordshire List of places in Berkshire List of places in Buckinghamshire List of places in Cambridgeshire List of places in Cheshire List of places in Cleveland List of places...
This is a list of settlements in the ceremonial county of Lancashire, England. ...
Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...
Blackburn (pronunciation (help·info)) is a large town in Lancashire, a county in the North West of England. With a population of 105,085, Blackburn is the largest and most populous settlement within the Blackburn with Darwen Local Authority area, which itself had a population of 137,470 at the time of the 2001 census.[1] The town was a key centre for the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution. Blackburn is situated to the north of the West Pennine Moors. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...
In the United Kingdom a county is a historic type of subnational division; which by the Middle Ages had become established as a unit of local government. ...
North West England is one of the nine regions of England. ...
The figures are mid-year estimates for 2005, unless otherwise stated, from the Office for National Statistics [1]. See also: List of towns and cities in England by population - List of English counties by population - List of ceremonial counties of England by population - List of English districts by area - List...
Blackburn with Darwen (Dwrgwyn) is a borough in Lancashire, North West England. ...
For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ...
A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ...
Rivington Pike, a familiar local landmark The West Pennine Moors is an area of approximately 90 square miles of moorland and reservoir scenery, located in North West England, between the towns of Chorley, Bolton, Horwich and Blackburn. ...
History
Toponymy  Blackburn's old clock tower in 1906 with time ball at the top of its mast. Blackburn means 'dark-coloured burn' (burn meaning 'stream') from Old English blæc "black" and burna "stream", recorded as Blacheburne in 1128. In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Blackburn like this: In Scotland, and to some extent in North East England, burn is a name for a stream which is less than a river. ...
Blackburn. parl. and mun. bor., par. and township, NE. Lancashire, 9 miles [14 km] E. of Preston and 210 miles [340 km] NW. of London by rail -- par., 48,281 ac., pop. 161,617; township, 3681 ac., pop. 91,958; bor., 6974 ac., pop. 104,014; 4 Banks, 2 newspapers. Market-days, Wednesday and Saturday. It is one of the chief seats of cotton manufacture, besides producing calico, muslin, &c., there being over 140 mills at work. There are also factories for making cotton machinery and steam-engines. B. has been associated with many improvements in the mfr. of cotton, among which was the invention (1767) of the "spinning jenny" which was invented in nearby Oswaldtwistle by James Hargreaves, who died in 1770. There are several fine churches and public buildings. A Corporation Park (50 ac. in area) is on the outskirts of the town. Several lines of railway converge here, and pass through one principal station belonging to the Lancashire and Yorkshire Ry. Co. B. returns 2 members to Parliament.[1] This article is about Preston, Lancashire. ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
For other uses, see Cotton (disambiguation). ...
Calico is a fabric made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton. ...
Muslin is a type of finely-woven cotton fabric, introduced to Europe from the Middle East in the 17th century. ...
// The term steam engine may also refer to an entire railroad steam locomotive. ...
For the magazine of the same name, see Spinning Jenny (magazine). ...
, Oswaldtwistle (pronounced Oswald-twistle) is a town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Lancashire, 3 miles east-south-east of Blackburn. ...
James Hargreaves (also known as James Hargraves [1]) (1720 – 22 April 1778) was a weaver, carpenter and an inventor in Lancashire, England. ...
Corporation Park is a 20 ha (50 acres) victorian park in Blackburn, Lancashire. ...
This article is about the unit of measurement. ...
Prehistory There is little evidence of settlement in the Blakewater valley (where Blackburn would later be situated) during the Prehistoric period. It is generally thought that most human activity in East Lancashire during this period occurred on hilltops. Evidence of such activity during the Bronze Age has been discovered in the form of urn burials, two examples of which have been found in the hills around Blackburn. The River Blakewater is a river running through Lancashire, giving its name to the town of Blackburn. ...
A simplified map archaeological cultures of the late Bronze Age (c. ...
Hydriotaphia or Urn Burial or a Brief Discourse of the Sepulchral Urns lately found in Norfolk, is a work published in 1658 by Sir Thomas Browne. ...
 Workers producing shuttles for the textile industry, circa 1920. Rowland Baguley and Company, based on Addison Street, produced a wide range of shuttles for the home textile industry and for export before it closed in the early 1930s. In 1879, a cinerary urn was discovered beneath a tumulus at Revidge, north of the town. Another was excavated at Pleasington Cemetery, west of the present town, by gravedigger Grant Higson in 1996.[2] Image File history File links MakingShuttlesBlackburn. ...
Image File history File links MakingShuttlesBlackburn. ...
The simplest shuttle is a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. ...
A tumulus (plural tumuli, from the Latin word for mound or small hill, from the root to bulge, swell also found in ) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. ...
That prehistoric man was active in the area now covered by the town centre is inferred from the presence of a possible sacred spring, perhaps in use during the Iron Age, at All Hallows Spring on Railway Road.[3] Clootie wells are places of pilgrimage in Celtic areas; they are wells or springs where strips of cloth or rags have been left, usually as part of a healing ritual. ...
In the British Isles, the Iron Age lasted from about the 7th century BC until the Roman conquest and until the 5th century in non-Romanised parts. ...
Roman Blackburn Blackburn is thought to have originated as a small settlement along the Roman road between Bremetennacum Veteranorum and Mancunium which passed through the town to the east of the present Blackburn Cathedral, probably crossing the River Blakewater at Salford (not the present-day city so named)[4] Not to be confused with Romans road. ...
Portions of this article or section may be outdated. ...
Blackburn Cathedral Blackburn Cathedral is officially known as the Cathedral Church of Blackburn Saint Mary the Virgin. ...
George C. Miller in his Blackburn - the Evolution of a Cotton Town says:
The ancient military way from Mamucium (Manchester) to (Bremetennacum) (Ribchester), passing over Blacksnape, plunges on its unswerving course through Blackamoor, over the scarp at Whinney Heights, to pass across the Blakewater in the vicinity of Salford. This fact alone presents a reasonable argument for the existence of a British oppidum or walled village on the site, it being customary for such primitive communities to cluster in the vicinity of a ford or bridge.[5] This article or section needs to be updated. ...
The aforementioned All Hallows Spring was purportedly excavated in 1654[6] and was found to contain an inscribed stone, allegedly commemorating the dedication of a temple of Serapis by Claudius Hieronymus, legate of Legio VI Victrix.[7] Serapis can refer to: A series of British ships named HMS Serapis. ...
A legatus (often anglicized as legate) was equivalent to a modern general officer in the Roman army. ...
Legio VI Victrix (Victorious) was a Roman legion founded by Octavian in 41 BC. It was the twin legion of VI Ferrata and perhaps held veterans of that legion, and some soldiers kept to the traditions of the Caesarian legion. ...
Medieval Blackburn The traditional date for the coming of Christianity to Blackburn is 596[8] or 598 AD[9] and the town was certainly important during the Anglo-Saxon era. It was during this period that Blackburnshire Hundred came into existence, probably as a territorial division of the kingdom of Northumbria.[10] Image File history File links StrikingMillWorkersBlackburn. ...
Image File history File links StrikingMillWorkersBlackburn. ...
Lancashire cotton mill, 1914 A cotton mill is a factory housing spinning and weaving machinery. ...
For other uses, see Anglo-Saxon. ...
Blackburnshire was a former district of England around the town of Blackburn. ...
Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and...
The name of the town first appears in the Domesday Book as Blachebourne, a royal manor during the days of Edward the Confessor and William the Conqueror. Archaeological evidence gleaned during the demolition of the medieval parish church on the site of the present Cathedral in 1820 suggests that a church was built during the late eleventh/early twelfth century.[11] A market cross was also erected nearby in 1101[12] A line drawing entitled Domesday Book from Andrew Williamss Historic Byways and Highways of Old England. ...
St Edward the Confessor or Eadweard III (c. ...
William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ...
The manor came into the possession of Henry de Blackburn, who divided it between his two sons. Later, one half was granted to the monks of Stanlow Abbey. This moiety was later granted to the monks of Whalley Abbey. Stanlow Abbey (or Stanlaw Abbey) was a Cistercian abbey situated on Stanlow Point on the Wirral. ...
Look up moiety in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Ruins of Whalley Abbey Whalley Abbey is a former abbey complex in Whalley, Lancashire, which is now used as a Retreat and Conference House.[1] Though there has been Christian activity in Whalley since at least Anglo-Saxon times, it was not until 1296 that the abbey came into existence. ...
However, during the twelfth century, the town's conjectured importance declined as Clitheroe became the regional centre.[13] Arms of Clitheroe Town Council Clitheroe is a small civil parish of the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England. ...
In addition to the settlement in the town centre area, there were several other medieval domiciles located nearby.
Politics and governance Blackburn is administered by Blackburn with Darwen unitary authority, which encompasses Blackburn and the small town of Darwen to the south. The town sends one MP to Westminster. Blackburn with Darwen (Dwrgwyn) is a borough in Lancashire, North West England. ...
A unitary authority is a type of local authority, which has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area. ...
, Darwen is a small market town in Lancashire, which extends onto the West Pennine Moors. ...
A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ...
Type Lower House Speaker Michael Martin, (Non-affiliated) since October 23, 2000 Leader Harriet Harman, (Labour) since June 28, 2007 Shadow Leader Theresa May, (Conservative) since May 5, 2005 Members 659 Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn Féin...
Westminster - See also Blackburn (UK Parliament constituency)
The historic constituency of Blackburn sent two MPs to Westminster, was created for the 1832 general election and abolished in 1950. It was replaced for one parliamentary term by two new single-member constituencies, Blackburn East and Blackburn West, before being replaced at the next general election when the two were merged into the modern-day constituency, returning a single MP. UKPollingReport characterises the constituency as "a mix of deprived inner-city wards dominated by Muslim voters, white working class areas and Conservative voting suburbs".[14] Location within the British Isles. ...
Blackburn was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
The 1832 UK general election, the first after the Reform Act, saw the Whigs win a large majority, with the Tories winning less than 30% of the vote. ...
The United Kingdom general election in 1950 was the first general election ever after a full term of a Labour government. ...
Blackburn East was a parliamentary constituency in the town of Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
Blackburn West was a parliamentary constituency in the town of Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
The 1955 United Kingdom general election was held on May 26, 1955, four years after the previous general election. ...
Location within the British Isles. ...
The sitting member is current Secretary of State for Justice and former Foreign Secretary, Jack Straw. Previous MPs for Blackburn include former Labour cabinet minister Barbara Castle, who represented the town in Westminster from 1945 to 1979. Straw was challenged in the 2005 general election by a former Foreign Office subordinate, the ex-British ambassador to Uzbekistan Craig Murray. Murray stood for election in Blackburn on a platform of opposition to the war in Iraq and electoral corruption. Murray described the constituency as a "Labour rotten borough" and said of the build up to the election, "I've been approached by several people in the Asian community who are under huge pressure from Labour activists to apply for a postal vote rather than a ballot vote and then hand their postal vote over to the Labour party." Over 50% more people used postal votes in the 2005 general election in Blackburn than in 2001.[15] The anti-Straw vote was split, however, and the incumbent was returned with a comfortable majority of over 8,000. Although Murray's campaign piqued the interest of the national media, he was forced into fifth place by the British National Party, a result reflective of somewhat poor race relations in the town going back decades (see the section on the far right below). The Secretary of State for Justice is a United Kingdom cabinet position. ...
The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (commonly referred to as Foreign Secretary) is a member of the British Government responsible for relations with foreign countries, heading the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (often called simply the Foreign Office). ...
For other uses, see Jack Straw (disambiguation). ...
Barbara Castle, Baroness Castle of Blackburn PC (October 6, 1910 – May 3, 2002) was a British left-wing politician, born Barbara Anne Betts in Chesterfield, Derbyshire (and brought up in Pontefract and Bradford, Yorkshire), who adopted her familys politics, joining the Labour Party. ...
The United Kingdom general election of 2005 was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005. ...
The Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Whitehall, seen from St. ...
Craig Murray (born October, 1958)[1] is a British political activist, university rector and former ambassador to Uzbekistan. ...
This article is about the 2003 invasion of Iraq. ...
The term rotten borough referred to a parliamentary borough or constituency in Great Britain and Ireland which, due to size and population, was controlled and used by a patron to exercise undue and unrepresentative influence within parliament. ...
The British National Party (BNP) is a white nationalist political party in the United Kingdom. ...
In October 2006, comments made by Jack Straw angered some in the Muslim community. Writing in the Lancashire Telegraph, the MP said that Muslim women who wear full veils make "better, positive relations" between communities more difficult and that failing to show the mouth and nose was "a visible statement of separation and of difference."[16][17] The Lancashire Telegraph is a local tabloid newspaper distributed in Blackburn and East Lancashire. ...
Local government - Main article: Blackburn with Darwen, Blackburn with Darwen local elections
Blackburn council and its successor have been predominantly controlled by the Labour Party since 1945 and continuously for 24 years until May 2007 when it fell into no overall control.[18] The council has been elected 'by thirds' since 1996, with one councillor from each of the three-member wards being elected every year, with those representing 2-member wards being elected in alternative years. Every four years there is a year with no elections, the next such period being 2009. The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ...
The Conservative and Unionist Party, more commonly known as the Conservative Party, is currently the largest majortiy opposition party in the United Knigdom. ...
The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal political party based in the United Kingdom. ...
Blackburn with Darwen (Dwrgwyn) is a borough in Lancashire, North West England. ...
One third of Blackburn with Darwen Council is elected each year, followed by one year without election. ...
The Labour Party is a centre-left or social democratic political party in Britain (see British politics), and one of the United Kingdoms three main political parties. ...
The council is rated by the Audit Commission as "improving well" and awareded its top "four star" commendation in a 2007 overall performance review. Although children’s services, adult social care and GCSE results were praised, the Commission did highlight "significant health problems" and levels of repeat victims of domestic violence as causes for concern.[19] Despite generally good performance, overall user satisfaction levels with the Council are below average and not improving.[19] The borough was awarded Beacon Council status and shares its best practice in education policy with other councils as part of the scheme. The Audit Commission is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom which is responsible for auditing local government in England, National Health Service Trusts and other local agencies in England and Wales. ...
The council was shaken in 2004 when six Labour councillors quit the ruling group one month after an election, meaning 6,442 people who voted for a Labour councillor were left with independent representatives and the council temporarily fell into no overall control.[20][21] The councillors, who eventually re-joined the party, left over an internal row reportedly sparked by the demotion of particular councillors in a post-election reshuffle.[20] Like some other towns and cities with sizeable asian communities, allegations of vote-rigging and corruption have dogged the council with members of the muslim community reportedly being "strong-armed by mosque leaders and councillors to vote Labour" during elections.[22] The possibility of corruption has been eased by reforms to postal voting which have made electoral fraud "childishly simple" in the UK according to a European watchdog.[23] The number of postal votes registered in Blackburn in 2005 was 20,000, compared to 7,600 in 2001.[22] In April 2005, local councillor Mohammed Hussain was jailed for three years for rigging the 2002 town hall election by stealing at least 230 postal vote ballots in his ward.[24]
The local elections of May 2007 saw a coalition of parties take control of the council from Labour. The small For Darwen party and independents now hold the fine balance of power on the council in a partnership with the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats. Like its predecessor, the ruling administration has also attracted controversy with one of its councillors being suspended following a conviction for benefit fraud[25] and another following allegations of domestic abuse.[26] Tensions over the presence of former England First Party member Michael Johnson within the coalition as part of For Darwen rose to the surface when Johnson was quoted in The Sun newspaper in October 2007 blaming his unemployment on "all the immigrants flooding this country." "These people take our jobs and it will only get worse", he said.[27] Three weeks before local elections in May 2008, a Liberal Democrat candidate for Shear Brow ward caused a stir by defecting to Labour.[28] For Darwen is a small political party with three seats on Blackburn with Darwen Council. ...
Abuse is a general term for the misuse of a person or thing, causing harm to the person or thing, to the abuser, or to someone else. ...
The England First Party (EFP) is a minor political party in England. ...
This article is about a British tabloid. ...
The far right Around 20% of the Blackburn's population come from ethnic minorities and in recent years the town has witnessed a resurgence in the fortunes of far-right political parties in local elections. The council until recently had two members for the England First party, Mark Cotterill for Meadowhead ward and Michael Johnson for Fernhurst. Mark Cotterill has since stood down and Michael Johnson joined the For Darwen party. Members of the British National Party (BNP) have previously won a council seat in the town in November 2002 following elections in May which saw three of their colleagues elected in nearby Burnley. The BNP's Robin Evans secured a 16-vote majority in Mill Hill ward with two recounts following a campaign using pub meetings and leafleting.[29] The incumbent Liberal Democrats were pushed into third place behind Labour. Although plans had been blocked by the time of the poll, proposals to convert a nursing home in the ward into a centre for asylum seekers were seen as a key election issue.[30] Developments in Burnley and Blackburn were regarded as something of a renaissance for the far right in British politics, no such councillors had been elected in the UK since victories in Tower Hamlets nearly ten years before.[31] In sociology and in voting theory, a minority is a sub-group that is outnumbered by persons who do not belong to it. ...
Far right, extreme right, ultra-right, or radical right are terms used to discuss the qualitative or quantitive position a group or person occupies within a political spectrum. ...
The England First Party (EFP) is a minor political party in England. ...
Mark Adrian Cotterill is the founder and current chairman of the England First Party, a minor political party operating in Lancashire, England. ...
For Darwen is a small political party with three seats on Blackburn with Darwen Council. ...
The British National Party (BNP) is a white nationalist political party in the United Kingdom. ...
For other meanings see Burnley (disambiguation) , Burnley is a large town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of about 73,021. ...
The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, is a liberal political party in the United Kingdom formed in 1988 by the merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party; the two parties had already been in an alliance for seven years prior to this, since not long...
The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ...
Power lines leading to a trash dump hover just overhead in El Carpio, a Nicaraguan refugee camp in Costa Rica Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her...
The London Borough of Tower Hamlets is a London borough to the east of the City of London and north of the River Thames in East London. ...
Commenting on the elections, Blackburn MP Jack Straw said: "It is very sad. We had the far right in Blackburn 26 years ago when they won two seats in Shadsworth. But there the whole community decided they wouldn't have it. You can never say they won't put candidates in Blackburn but we will work hard on community relations."[32] Blackburn had two council members from the National Front in the 1970s. Although many towns in North West England suffered race riots in the summer of 2001, the streets of Blackburn remained quiet. John Whitaker Straw (born August 3, 1946) is a British Labour Party politician. ...
The name National Front, is used by a number of political parties and coalitions. ...
North West England is one of the nine regions of England. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata RiceStraw. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata RiceStraw. ...
Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ...
John Whitaker Straw (born August 3, 1946) is a British Labour Party politician. ...
Visit of Condoleezza Rice The town was the subject of international media interest in 2006 when U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice visited Blackburn from 31 March to 1 April during a tour of European capitals. The visit reciprocated a trip made by Jack Straw to Rice's home state of Alabama when he was UK Foreign Secretary. Rice's itinerary included Pleckgate School, Ewood Park football stadium, Blackburn Cathedral and the Town Hall in Blackburn while in Liverpool she attended a classical music concert. Rice's visit was met with protests from anti-war and human rights campaigners, although many local residents expressed support of the visit.[citation needed] The committee at Masjid Al Hidayah Mosque on Millham Street, Blackburn, in conjunction with Muslim scholars from the region, withdrew an invitation to Ms Rice to visit the mosque due to safety issues.[citation needed] The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ...
Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ...
This article is about the U.S. State. ...
The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (colloquially called the Foreign Secretary) is a member of the British Government responsible for relations with foreign countries, heading the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (often called simply the Foreign Office). ...
Ewood Park is a football stadium in Blackburn, Lancashire and the home of Blackburn Rovers football club. ...
Coat of Arms  Arms of the former Blackburn Borough Council on display in the town hall. The coat of arms of the former Blackburn Borough Council has many distinctive emblems. The arms displays Argent a Fesse wavy Sable between three Bees volant proper on a Chief Vert a Bugle stringed Argent between two Fusils Or. On the crest, a Wreath of the Colours a Shuttle Or thereon a Dove wings elevated Argent and holding in the beak the Thread of the Shuttle reflexed over the back and an Olive Branch proper. The latin motto of the town is 'Arte et Labore', correctly translated as 'by art and by labour' but often translated as 'by skill and hardwork'. The motto, granted on 14 February 1852 to the former Borough of Blackburn, is poignant as Blackburn, once a small town, had risen to importance through the energy and enterprise of her spinners and manufacturers, combined with the skill and labour of her operatives. The Borough of Blackburn was formed by the amalgamation of the County Borough of Blackburn, the Borough of Darwen, part of the Turton Urban District and the parishes of Yate and Pickup Bank, Eccleshill, Livesey, Pleasington and Tockholes from the Blackburn Rural District. Other notable features include: City Hall is a 1996 film directed by Harold Becker. ...
A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ...
In heraldry, a crest is a component of a coat of arms. ...
For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ...
- Three bees in flight. The bee is an emblem of skill, perseverance and industry. "B" also stands for Blackburn; and further, as the Peel family sprang from this neighbourhood and bears a bee in flight on its shield, the idea naturally suggests itself that Sir Robert Peel had adopted the Blackburn bee.
- The shield is silver or white, and thus emblematical of calico, the product of the Blackburn bees during the industrial revolution.
- The broad wavy black line represents the Black Brook (the River Blakewater) on the banks of which the town is built.
- The silver bugle horn was the crest of the first Mayor of Blackburn, William Henry Hornby. It is also an emblem of strength.
- The gold lozenges, or fusils (diamond shaped), are the heraldic emblems of spinning, derived from the Latin "fusus" or "fusilium", meaning a spindle, and they refer to the invention of the spinning jenny in 1764 by James Hargreaves, a native of the district. They also denote the connection of Joseph Feilden with Blackburn, as Lord of the Manor, as he bore lozenges on his shield.
- The background of green is there to remind us of the time when Blackburn was one of the royal forests in the time of Edward the Confessor.
- The shuttle is the emblem of weaving, the trade which has contributed more than any other to the prosperity of the town.
- The dove taking wing with an olive branch in her beak (the emblem of peace) attached to the thread of the shuttle, represents the beneficial results emanating from the art of weaving.
For other uses, see Western honey bee and Bee (disambiguation). ...
For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ...
Calico is a fabric made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton. ...
A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ...
The River Blakewater is a river running through Lancashire, giving its name to the town of Blackburn. ...
Military bugle in Bâ™ The bugle is one of the simplest brass instruments; it is essentially a small natural horn with no valves. ...
William Henry Hornby (born Blackburn 1805 - 1884) was variously an industrialist, the Mayor of Blackburn in Lancashire and Chairman of the Conservative Party. ...
For the magazine of the same name, see Spinning Jenny (magazine). ...
James Hargreaves (also known as James Hargraves [1]) (1720 – 22 April 1778) was a weaver, carpenter and an inventor in Lancashire, England. ...
The title of Lord of the Manor arose in the English medieval system of Manorialism following the Norman Conquest. ...
A royal forest has been a concept of land management England since the late eleventh century. ...
St Edward the Confessor or Eadweard III (c. ...
The simplest shuttle is a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. ...
Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ...
Subfamilies see article text Feral Rock Pigeon beside Weiming Lake, Peking University Dove redirects here. ...
Geography
Location and transport links Blackburn is situated in the county of Lancashire to the north of the West Pennine Moors. Although the city of Preston, the administrative centre for the county, is located around 14.8 kilometres (9.2 mi) to the west, Blackburn is the largest municipality in what is known as East Lancashire. The town is bounded on other sides by smaller towns, including Accrington to the east and Darwen to the south. Blackburn and Darwen together make up Blackburn with Darwen unitary authority. Around 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the north of the town centre, just within the boundary of the Ribble Valley, is the village/suburb of Wilpshire, with the village of Langho approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) further to the north west. A number of even smaller localities are sometimes considered extended suburbs of Blackburn, including Rishton to the east, Great Harwood to the north east and Mellor to the north west. Rishton, Great Harwood and Accrington are part of the local government district of Hyndburn. 17 kilometres (11 mi) further to the east lies the town of Burnley[33] Blackburn railway station is a railway station that serves the town of Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
“km†redirects here. ...
“Miles†redirects here. ...
Ribble Valley is a local government district with borough status in the administrative county of Lancashire, England. ...
Wilpshire is a village/suburb to the north of Blackburn in the county of Lancashire. ...
Location within the British Isles. ...
Rishton is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, about 2 miles west of Clayton-le-Moors and 4 miles east of Blackburn. ...
Location within the British Isles Great Harwood is an urban district in the Hyndburn parliamentary division of Lancashire, England, 4 1/2 miles north east of Blackburn. ...
Mellor is a village situated in the Borough of Ribble Valley in Lancashire, England. ...
Non-metropolitan districts (usually known as just districts) are a type of local government district in England. ...
Hyndburn is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. ...
For other meanings see Burnley (disambiguation) , Burnley is a large town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of about 73,021. ...
Blackburn is served by a newly redeveloped train station located in the town centre next to the bus station and served by Northern Rail. The nearest train station on the West Coast Main Line is Preston. Blackburn has four junctions with the M65 motorway. The town is less than an hour's drive from Manchester and Blackpool and just over an hour away from Liverpool, Leeds and Chester.[34] Blackburn railway station is a railway station that serves the town of Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
Northern Rail is a train operating company that has operated local services in the north of England since 2004. ...
The WCML running alongside the M1 motorway at Watford Gap in Northamptonshire A Virgin Pendolino and freight train on the WCML The West Coast Main Line (WCML) is one of the most important intercity railway lines in the United Kingdom, part of the British railway system. ...
Preston Railway Station in Preston, Lancashire is on the West Coast Main Line. ...
The M65 motorway is a major road in England. ...
This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ...
This article is about the town in England. ...
For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Leeds (disambiguation) and Leeds City (disambiguation). ...
For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ...
Geology and terrain
 Sketch of coal mining equipment on Coalpit Moor, formerly known as Blackburn Moor, from 1846. Located in the midst of the East Lancashire Hills, some areas of the town are characterised by steep slopes. The town centre is located in a depression surrounded by a number of hills. The area of Revidge to the north can be reached via a steep climb up Montague Street and Dukes Brow to reach a peak of 218 metres (715 ft) above sea level. To the west, the wooded Billinge Hill in Witton Country Park is 245 metres (804 ft) high, while Royal Blackburn Hospital is situated to the east of the town at a vantage point of 202 metres (663 ft).[35] These figures can be considered in the context of other hills and mountains in Lancashire, including Great Hill at 456 metres (1,496 ft), Winter Hill at 456 metres (1,496 ft), Pendle Hill at 557 metres (1,827 ft) and Green Hill 628 metres (2,060 ft). Image File history File links BlackburnCoalPit. ...
Image File history File links BlackburnCoalPit. ...
Surface coal mining in Wyoming in the United States of America. ...
This article is about the unit of length. ...
A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...
For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ...
Witton Country Park is a 480 acre (1. ...
Great Hill is a hill in Lancashire on Anglezarke Moor, between the towns of Chorley and Darwen. ...
Winter Hill, as seen from Parbold Hill in Lancashire Winter Hill is a hill in Lancashire, England, United Kingdom located on Rivington Moor between Chorley and Bolton. ...
Pendle Hill (summit 557 m above mean sea level) is located in the north-east of Lancashire, England, near the towns of Burnley, Colne, Nelson and Clitheroe. ...
Green Hill, is a mountain in north west England. ...
The River Blakewater, which gives its names to the town, flows down from the moors above Guide and then through the areas of Whitebirk, Little Harwood, Cob Wall and Brookhouse to the town centre. The river was culverted during the industrial revolution and runs underground in the town centre, under Ainsworth Street and between Blackburn Cathedral and Blackburn Bus Station. On the western side of the town centre the Blakewater continues under Whalley Banks and through the Redlam area before joining the River Darwen outside Witton Country Park and continuing on to join the River Ribble at Walton-le-Dale. The River Blakewater is a river running through Lancashire, giving its name to the town of Blackburn. ...
Guide is a village near Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
Whitebirk is a suburb in the east of Blackburn, England. ...
A culvert is a flowing body of water which passes underneath a road, railway, or embankment, or the part thereof that does so. ...
A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ...
Blackburn Cathedral Blackburn Cathedral is officially known as the Cathedral Church of Blackburn Saint Mary the Virgin. ...
The River Darwen is a river running through Darwen and Blackburn in Lancashire. ...
The River Ribble at Ribchester The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. ...
Walton-Le-Dale is a primarily residential suburb of the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. ...
The geology of the Blackburn area yields numerous resources which underpinned its development as a centre of manufacturing during the industrial revolution. Mineable coal seams have been used since the mid-late 16th century.[36] The coal measures in the area lie on a bed of millstone grit, which has been quarried in the past for millstones and, along with local limestone deposits, used as a construction material for roads and buildings. In addition, there were deposits of iron ore in the Furness and Ulverston districts.[37] The Blackburn area was subjected to glaciation during the Pleistocene ice age, and the sandstone-and-shale bedrock is overlain in much of the area by glacial deposits called till (which is also called "boulder clay") of varying thickness up to several tens of feet. Glacial outwash (sand and gravel) also occur in small patches, including along Grimshaw Brook.[38][39][40] This article is about mineral extractions. ...
Wyoming coal mine Coal mining is the extraction of coal from the Earth for use as fuel. ...
A coal measure (stratigraphic unit) is the name given to any rock sequence that occurs in the upper part of the Carboniferous System in Europe. ...
Gritstone is a sedimentary rock composed of coarse sand grains and is a coarser version of sandstone. ...
For other uses, see Quarry (disambiguation). ...
The interior of a functional water mill The basic anatomy of a millstone. ...
For other uses, see Limestone (disambiguation). ...
This heap of iron ore pellets will be used in steel production. ...
Furness (IPA: ) is a peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. ...
, Ulverston is a market town in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria in north-west England. ...
A glaciation (a created composite term meaning Glacial Period, referring to the Period or Era of, as well as the process of High Glacial Activity), often called an ice age, is a geological phenomenon in which massive ice sheets form in the Arctic and Antarctic and advance toward the equator. ...
The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) on the geologic timescale is the period from 1,808,000 to 11,550 years BP. The Pleistocene epoch had been intended to cover the worlds recent period of repeated glaciations. ...
Red sandstone interior of Lower Antelope Canyon, Arizona, worn smooth due to erosion by flash flooding over millions of years Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains. ...
Shale Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. ...
This article is about glacial sediments, for other uses see till (disambiguation). ...
Glacial till with tufts of grass Till is an unsorted glacial sediment. ...
A satellite image of the Skeiðarársandur in Iceland In geology, a sandur (plural sandar) is a plain formed by meltwater from glaciers, also known as glacial outwash or merely outwash. ...
Areas Blackburn consists of a number of areas: - Audley
- Bank Hey
- Bank Top
- Bastwell
- Beardwood
- Billinge
- Brookhouse
- Brownhill
| - Cherry Tree
- Ewood
- Feniscliffe
- Feniscowles
- Fernhurst
- Griffin
- Higher Croft
- Knuzden
| - Lammack
- Little Harwood
- Livesey
- Mellor
- Mill Hill
- Nova Scotia
- Pleckgate
- Queen's Park
| - Redlam
- Revidge
- Roe Lee
- Shadsworth
- Shear Brow
- Sunnybower
- Wensley Fold
- Whitebirk
- Witton
|
Demography According to the UK Government's 2001 census, Blackburn has a population of 105,085.[41] According to the same statistics, some of which include the small town of Darwen to the south, the town is 77.9% White British (national average for England and Wales 91.3%) with significant Indian (10.7%) and Pakistani (8.7%) ethnic minorities.[42] 9.6% of the population was born outside the European Union. In terms of religion, 63.3% of residents are Christian (national average 71.7%), 19.4% Muslim (national average 3.0%) with 16.6% no religion or not sta |
