NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Blend (linguistics)

Blend is the term used in linguistics to describe the formation of a word from parts (often but not necessarily morphemes) of two other words. Outside linguistics, this type of word formation is called portmanteau. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that blend (linguistics) be merged into this article or section. ... Linguistics is the scientific study of human language, and someone who engages in this study is called a linguist. ... In Linguistics, a morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in a given language. ... It has been suggested that blend (linguistics) be merged into this article or section. ...

Blends in the media

James Joyce used blends extensively in Finnegans Wake. Many corporate brand names, trademarks, and initiatives, as well as names of corporations and organizations themselves, are blends. For example, Wikipedia is a blend made from wiki and encyclopedia, and Wiktionary, one of Wikipedia's sister projects, is a blend of wiki and dictionary. Also, Nabisco is a blend of the initial syllables of National Biscuit Company. James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (Irish name SÃ©amas Seoighe; 2 February 1882 â€“ 13 January 1941) was an expatriate Irish writer and poet, widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about brands in marketing. ... Wikipedia (IPA: , or ) is an international Web-based free-content encyclopedia. ... A wiki (IPA: <wee-kee> or <wick-ey>[1]) is a type of website that allows users to add, remove, or otherwise edit and change all content very quickly and easily, sometimes without the need for registration. ... Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon, 1902 An encyclopedia or encyclopaedia, also (rarely) encyclopÃ¦dia,[1] is a comprehensive written compendium that contains information on all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge. ... Wiktionary is a Wikimedia Foundation project intended to be a free wiki dictionary (hence: Wiktionary) (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ... A wiki (IPA: <wee-kee> or <wick-ey>[1]) is a type of website that allows users to add, remove, or otherwise edit and change all content very quickly and easily, sometimes without the need for registration. ... A dictionary is a list of words with their definitions, a list of characters with their glyphs, or a list of words with corresponding words in other languages. ...

In the 21st Century, tabloid writers often blend the first names of famous couples. Some examples include Bennifer (for both Ben Affleck and Jennifer Lopez, and Affleck and Jennifer Garner) and TomKat (for Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes). Newspaper sizes in August 2005. ... Bennifer was the snide nickname given to the celebrity couple, Jennifer Lopez and Ben Affleck. ... Ben Affleck Benjamin Geza Affleck (born August 15, 1972) is an Academy Award-winning American screenwriter and film actor. ... Jennifer Lynn LÃ³pez (born July 24, 1969) is a well-known American actress, Grammy Award-nominated pop/Latin/R&B singer, fashion designer, and dancer. ... Jennifer Anne Garner (born April 17, 1972) is an American film and television actress, and producer. ... Tom Cruise (born Thomas Cruise Mapother IV on July 3, 1962) is an Academy Award-nominated and Golden Globe Award-winning American actor and film producer who has starred in a number of top-grossing movies and remains one of the most successful movie stars in Hollywood. ... Katie Holmes as Rachel Dawes in the film Batman Begins (2005). ...

Formation

Most blends are formed by one of the following methods:

Part of the sounds of both components are mixed in a "creative" way, mostly preserving their order, such as slithy, a blend of lithe and slimy. This method was preferred by Lewis Carroll but is not much in use otherwise.
The beginning of one word is prepended to the end of the other, e.g., breakfast + lunch = brunch. Sometimes the letter/sound at the boundary is common to both components, e.g., smoke + fog = smog. This is the most common method of blending.
Both components contain a common sequence of letters or sounds. The blend is composed of the beginning of the first component, the common part and the end of the second component. This is a less frequent kind of blend. For example, the word Californication, popularized by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, sounds as if it were California + fornication.
Some languages, like Japanese, encourage the shortening and merging of borrowed foreign words (as in gairaigo), because they are long or difficult to pronounce in the target language. For example, karaoke, a combination of the Japanese word kara (meaning empty) and the clipped form oke of the English loanword "orchestra" (J. ōkesutora オーケストラ), is a Japanese blend that has entered the English language. (From the article gairaigo.)

Lewis Carroll. ... Breakfast is a meal preceding lunch or dinner and usually eaten in the morning. ... Lunch is a meal that is taken in the early afternoon. ... Brunch is a late morning meal between breakfast and lunch, as a replacement for both meals, usually eaten when one rises too late to eat breakfast, or as a specially-planned meal. ... Smoke from a wildfire Smoke is a suspension in air (aerosol) of small particles resulting from incomplete combustion of a fuel. ... Sunlight filters through a thin layer of fog on a crisp winter morning in Albuquerque, New Mexico. ... Victorian London was notorious for its thick smogs, or pea-soupers, a fact that is often recreated to add an air of mystery to a period costume drama. ... Californication is the seventh album by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, released on June 8, 1999 (see 1999 in music). ... The Red Hot Chili Peppers are a California-based rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 kmÂ²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 770 miles (1,240 km) - % water 4. ... Fornication refers to any sexual activity between unmarried partners. ... Gairaigo (å¤–æ¥èªž) is Japanese for loan word or borrowed word, and indicates a transliteration (or transvocalization) into Japanese. ... Gairaigo (å¤–æ¥èªž) is Japanese for loan word or borrowed word, and indicates a transliteration (or transvocalization) into Japanese. ...

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Formation

See also

Blends in the media