eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit: Stye - Chalazion - Blepharitis - Entropion - Ectropion - Lagophthalmos - Blepharochalasis - Ptosis - Xanthelasma Pathology (from Greek pathos, feeling, pain, suffering; and logos, study of; see also -ology) is the study of the processes underlying disease and other forms of illness, harmful abnormality, or dysfunction. ... A human eye. ... A stye (also spelled sty) or hordeolum is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands at the base of the eyelashes. ... A chalazion, also known as a Meibomian gland lipogranuloma, is a cyst in the eyelid that is caused by inflammation of the meibomian gland, usually on the upper eyelid. ... Entropion is a medical condition in which the eyelids fold inward. ... Ectropion is a condition of loose eyelids. ... Lagophthalmos describes difficulty in complete closure of the eyelid over the eyeball. ... Blepharochalasis is an inflammation of the eyelid that is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eyelid edema, which results in a stretching and subsequent atrophy of the eyelid tissue. ... In ophthalmology, ptosis is an abnormally low position (drooping) of the upper eyelid. ... Xanthelasma (or xanthelasma palpebrarum) are sharply demarcated yellowish collections of cholesterol underneath the skin, usually around the eyes. ...

conjunctiva: Conjunctivitis - Pterygium - Subconjunctival hemorrhage A pterygium, meaning wing, is a benign growth of the conjunctiva. ... A subconjunctival hemorrhage is a common and relatively minor post-LASIK complication. ...

sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body: Scleritis - Keratitis - Corneal ulcer - Snow blindness - Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy - Fuchs' dystrophy - Keratoconus - Keratoconjunctivitis sicca - Iritis - Uveitis Scleritis is a serious inflammatory disease that affects the white outer coating of the eye, known as the sclera. ... A corneal ulcer is an inflammatory condition of the cornea involving loss of its outer layer. ... Snowblind redirects here. ... Thygesons superficial punctate keratopathy (TSPK) is a disease of the eyes. ... Fuchs dystrophy is a slowly progressing corneal disease that usually affects both eyes and is slightly more common in women than in men. ... Keratoconus (from Greek: kerato- horn, cornea; and konos cone), is a degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal gradual curve. ... Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), also called keratitis sicca,[1] sicca syndrome,[1] xerophthalmia,[1] dry eye syndrome (DES),[1] or simply dry eyes,[1] is an eye disease caused by decreased tear production or increased tear film evaporation commonly found in humans and some animals[2]. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is Latin and... Iritis is a form of anterior uveitis and refers to the inflammation of the iris of the eye. ... Uveitis specifically refers to inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, termed the uvea but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye. ...

lens: Cataract A cataract is an opacity that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its envelope. ...

choroid and retina: Retinal detachment - Retinoschisis - Hypertensive retinopathy - Diabetic retinopathy - Retinopathy - Retinopathy of prematurity - Macular degeneration - Retinitis pigmentosa - Macular edema Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. ... Retinoschisis is an uncommon eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the retinas sensory layers, usually in the outer plexiform layer, with resulting loss of visual function [1]. The retina, which consists of multiple layers of interconnected nerve and pigment cells, separates into separate layers resulting in a... Hypertension, or high blood pressure that does not respond to treatment, has several ocular manifestations. ... Diabetic retinopathy is retinopathy (damage to the retina) caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness. ... Retinopathy is a general term that refers to some form of non-inflammatory damage to the retina of the eye. ... Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), previously known as retrolental fibroplasia (RLF), is a disease of the eye that affects prematurely born babies. ... Listen to this article · (info) This audio file was created from an article revision dated 2005-07-19, and may not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ... Normal vision. ... Macular edema occurs when fluid and protein deposits collect on or under the macula, causing it to thicken and swell. ...

ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction: Strabismus - Ophthalmoparesis - Progressive external ophthalmoplegia - Esotropia - Exotropia - Refractive error - Hyperopia - Myopia - Astigmatism - Anisometropia - Presbyopia For the protein Strabismus, see Strabismus (protein) Strabismus, also known as heterotropia, squint, crossed eye, cockeyed, wandering eye,weak eye or wall eyed, is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. ... Ophthalmoparesis is a physical finding in certain neurologic illnesses. ... Progressive external ophthalmoplegia is a disorder of the mitochondria. ... Person exhibiting esotropia of the right eye Esotropia is a form of strabismus where one or both of the eyes turn inward. ... Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward. ... Refraction error, also known as refractive error, is an error in the focusing of light by the eye and a frequent reason for reduced visual acuity. ... Hyperopia, also known as hypermetropia or colloquially as farsightedness or longsightedness, is a defect of vision caused by an imperfection in the eye (often when the eyeball is too short or when the lens cannot become round enough), causing inability to focus on near objects, and in extreme cases causing... Normal vision. ... Astigmatism is an affliction of the eye, where vision is blurred by an irregularly shaped cornea. ... Anisometropia is a condition in which the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths; that is, are in different states of myopia (nearsightedness) and hyperopia (farsightedness). ... Presbyopia is the eyes diminished power of accommodation that occurs with aging. ...

Visual disturbances and blindness: Amblyopia - Leber's congenital amaurosis - Scotoma - Color blindness - Achromatopsia - Nyctalopia - Blindness Amblyopia, or lazy eye, is a disorder of the eye. ... Lebers congenital amaurosis is a rare inherited eye disease that appears at birth or in the first few months of life, typically characterized by nystagmus, sluggish or no pupillary responses, and severe vision loss or blindness. ... The word scotoma is derived from the Greek word for darkness. ... Color blindness in humans is the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish. ... Achromatopsia is the inability to see color. ... Nyctalopia (Greek for night blindness) is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark. ... Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or psychological factors. ...

Commonly associated infectious diseases: Trachoma Onchocerciasis Onchocerciasis or river blindness is the worlds second leading infectious cause of blindness. ...

Other: Glaucoma - Floater - Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy - Red eye - Argyll Robertson pupil - Keratomycosis - Xerophthalmia - Aniridia For other uses, see Floater (disambiguation). ... Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) or Leber optic atrophy is a mitochondrially inherited (mother to all offspring) form of acute or subacute loss of central vision that may lead to degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons; this affects predominantly young adult males. ... Many primary care physicians often deal with patients with red eyes In medicine, red eye is a non-specific term to describe an eye that appears red due to illness, injury, or some other condition. ... In medical terminology, Argyll Robertson pupils are small, irregular pupils that accommodate but do not react normally to light. ... A fungal keratitis is an inflammation of the eyes cornea (called keratitis) that results from infection by a fungal organism. ... Xerophthalmia (Greek for dry eyes) is a medical condition in which the eye doesnt produce tears. ... Aniridia is a rare congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of the eyes iris. ...