Within the parish of Bletchley was historically the hamlet of Water Eaton. In the urban growth of the Victorian period the town also joined up with nearby Fenny Stratford.
Bletchley Park (also sometimes Station X) is an estate located in the town of Bletchley, now part of Milton Keynes, England.
The high-level intelligence produced by Bletchley Park, codenamed Ultra, is frequently credited with aiding the Allied war effort and shortening the war, although Ultra's effect on the actual outcome of WWII is debated.
Bletchley Park is mainly remembered for breaking messages encyphered on the German Enigma cypher machine, but its greatest cryptographic achievement may have been the breaking of the German "Fish" High Command teleprinter cyphers.
Bill Tutte, a cryptanalyst at Bletchley Park, discovered that the keystream produced by the machine exhibited statistical biases deviating from random, and that these biases could be used to break the cipher and read messages.
Colossus was operated in the Newmanry, the section at Bletchley Park responsible for machine methods against the Lorenz machine, headed by the mathematician Max Newman.
It currently is on display in the Bletchley Park Museum in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire.
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