Bliss Knapp (June 7, 1877 – March 14, 1958), the son of Ira O. and Flavia S. Knapp, students of Mary Baker Eddy, was a Christian Science lecturer and teacher who became obsessed with the belief held by his father, who had been the first person to serve as chairman of the Christian Science Board of Directors, that Eddy represented a personal fulfilment of biblical prophecy, perhaps being the woman referred to in the Twelveth Chapter of the Book of Revelation.

Eddy herself had testified in court and said elsewhere that she believed the apocalyptic woman to be a generic, universal type representing the world's persecution of spiritual truth rather than a specific personality, though she did not hesitate to identify with the experience the woman represented. Knapp incorporated his teachings into an early book draft, The Destiny of The Mother Church, following which the Christian Science Board of Directors wrote a six-page letter in February 1948 politely rebuking numerous points they regarded as at variance from Eddy's teaching. Knapp then withdrew the book, but instead of revising it as they proposed, he expanded it for private issue instead and left it in trust with approximately $100 million in 1990s dollars, acquired by way of his marriage to Eloise Mabury (m. March 27, 1918), to revert to the Church of Christ, Scientist if it ever published his work as "authorized literature".

The church, pressed for funds by the 1990s media ventures of the Christian Science Publishing Society, and which had historically rejected such a course, acquiesced, to the surprise of its membership, arguing that the book did not have to bear the burden of theological correctness which members argued the Church Manual bylaw "No Incorrect Literature" required. The church proceeded to issue the book unannotated as required, ostensibly as part of a series of biographies of the church's founder. Advised in fall 1991 before the book's publication by a letter from church Archivist Lee Johnson of the book's unusual history (forced out of office shortly in advance of publication), a large number of Christian Science branch churches voted not to carry the book or simply declined to order it, though precise figures are difficult to establish. The financial disbursement was contested by the alternate beneficiaries, Stanford University and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, ultimately resulting in a settlement splitting the funds, with half going to the Church and a quarter each going to the other two organizations.

The book's publication attracted a fair deal of then-unwelcome media attention and continued to be held by many members, in spite of the church's defense, to violate the church's basic teachings and its equivalent of constitutional law.