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f you all The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. The most important types, arteries and veins, carry blood away from or towards the heart, respectively. Diagram of the human circulatory system. ...
Human blood smear: a - erythrocytes; b - neutrophil; c - eosinophil; d - lymphocyte. ...
Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
In the circulatory system, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
Anatomy All blood vessels have the same basic structure. The inner lining is the endothelium and is surrounded by subendthelial connective tissue. Around this there is a layer of vascular smooth muscle, which is highly developed in arteries. Finally, there is a further layer of connective tissue known as the adventitia, which contains nerves that supply the muscular layer, as well as nutrient capillaries in the larger blood vessels. The endothelium is the layer of thin, flat cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. ...
Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. ...
Vascular smooth muscle refers to the particular type of smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels. ...
This article needs to be wikified. ...
Nerves (yellow) Nerves redirects here. ...
Capillaries consist of little more than a layer of endothelium and occasional connective tissue. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
When blood vessels connect to form a region of diffuse vascular supply it is called an anastamosis (pl. anastomoses). Anastomoses provide critical alternative routes for blood to flow in case of blockages. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Laid end to end, the blood vessels in an average human body will stretch approximately 62,000 miles. 2.5 times around the earth
Types There are various kinds of blood vessels: They are roughly grouped as arterial and venous, determined by whether the blood in it is flowing toward or away from the heart. The term "arterial blood" is nevertheless used to indicate blood high in oxygen, although the pulmonary artery carries "venous blood" and blood flowing in the pulmonary vein is rich in oxygen. Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
The aorta (generally pronounced or ay-orta) is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ...
In human anatomy, the carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. ...
The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
The celiac trunk is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta. ...
Mesenteric arteries can refer to: Superior mesenteric artery Inferior mesenteric artery This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...
Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ...
In human anatomy, iliac artery refers to several anatomical structures located in the pelvis: Common iliac artery - forms at terminus of the aorta. ...
An arteriole is a blood vessel that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
A venule is a small blood vessel that allows deoxygenated blood to return from the capillary beds to the larger blood vessels called veins. ...
In the circulatory system, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. ...
The subclavian vein is a continuation of the axillary vein and runs from the outer border of the first rib to the medial border of anterior scalene muscle. ...
The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava. ...
Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ...
In human anatomy, iliac vein refers to several anatomical structures located in the pelvis: External iliac vein - terminates at the common iliac vein, drains the femoral vein. ...
The superior and inferior venae cavae are the veins that return de-oxygenated blood from the body into the heart. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ...
The pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs. ...
The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. ...
Physiology Blood vessels do not actively engage in the transport of blood (they have no appreciable peristalsis), but arteries - and veins to a degree - can regulate their inner diameter by contraction of the muscular layer.This changes the blood flow to downstream organs, and is determined by the autonomic nervous system. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction are also used antagonistically as methods of thermoregulation. In much of the digestive tract, muscles contract in sequence to produce a peristaltic wave which forces food (called bolus while in the esophagus and chyme below the esophagus) along the alimentary canal. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when temperature surrounding is very different. ...
Oxygen (bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells) is the most critical nutrient carried by the blood. In all arteries apart from the pulmonary artery, hemoglobin is highly saturated (95-100%) with oxygen. In all veins apart from the pulmonary vein, the hemoglobin is desaturated at about 70%. (The values are reversed in the pulmonary circulation.) General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ...
3-dimensional structure of hemoglobin. ...
Human red blood cells Red blood cells are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate bodys principal means of delivering oxygen from the lungs or gills to body tissues via the blood. ...
The blood pressure in blood vessels is traditionally expressed in millimetres of mercury (1 mmHg = 133 Pa). In the arterial system, this is usually around 120 mmHg systolic (high pressure wave due to contraction of the heart) and 80 mmHg diastolic (low pressure wave). In contrast, pressures in the venous system are constant and rarely exceed 10 mmHg. A sphygmomanometer, a device used for measuring blood pressure. ...
For the standard botanical author abbreviation Torr. ...
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure or stress (also: Youngs modulus and tensile strength). ...
Systolic is the adjective form of systole, typically referring to the contraction activity of the heart. ...
Diastolic is the adjective form of diastole referring to relaxation of the heart, between muscle contractions. ...
Vasoconstriction is the constriction of blood vessels (narrowing, becoming smaller in cross-sectional area) by contracting the vascular smooth muscle in the vessel walls. It is regulated by vasoconstrictors (agents that cause vasoconstriction). These include paracrine factors (e.g. prostaglandins), a number of hormones (e.g. vasopressin and angiotensin) and neurotransmitters (e.g. epinephrine) from the nervous system. The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ...
Vascular smooth muscle refers to the particular type of smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels. ...
Vasoconstriction is the constriction of blood vessels, in other words, when the lumen narrows. ...
Paracrine signalling is a form of signalling in which the target cell is close to the signal releasing cell, and the signal chemical is broken down too quickly to be carried to other parts of the body. ...
Chemical structure of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). ...
Norepinephrine A hormone (from Greek ÏŒÏμή - to set in motion) is a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another. ...
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a peptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior part of the pituitary gland. ...
Angiotensin is an oligopeptide in the blood that causes vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, and release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. ...
Chemical structure of D-Aspartic Acid, a common Amino Acid neurotransmitter. ...
Adrenaline redirects here. ...
Vasodilation is a similar process mediated by antagonistically acting mediators. The most prominent vasodilator is nitric oxide (termed endothelium-derived relaxing factor for this reason). The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ...
R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ...
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) was the tentative name of what was later discovered to be nitric oxide (NO). ...
Permeability of the endothelium is pivotal in the release of nutrients to the tissue. It is also increased in inflammation in response to histamine, prostaglandins and interleukins, which leads to most of the symptoms of inflammation (swelling, redness and warmth). The endothelium is the layer of thin, flat cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. ...
An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Chemical structure of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). ...
Interleukins are a group of cytokines that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells (leukocytes, hence the -leukin) as a means of communication (inter-). The name is sort of a relic though; it has since been found that interleukins are produced by a wide variety of bodily...
Capillaries, veins, and arteries are the 3 blood vessels that help with blood pressure. Obviously the veins bring the blood back to the heart but with out these 3 blood vessels you would be no where.
Role in disease Blood vessels play a role in virtually every medical condition. Cancer, for example, cannot progress unless the tumor causes angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) to supply the malignant cells' metabolic demand. Atherosclerosis, the formation of lipid lumps (atheromas) in the blood vessel wall, is the prime cause of cardiovascular disease, the main cause of death in the Western world. Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ...
Angiogenesis is the physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. ...
A polyunsaturated triglyceride. ...
In pathology, an atheroma (plural: atheromata) is an unhealthy (though typical for most humans) accumulation and swelling (-oma) with cells, or cell debris, which contain lipids (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium mineral and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue within the walls of arteries. ...
Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart and/or blood vessels (arteries and veins). ...
Blood vessel permeability is increased in inflammation. Damage, due to trauma or spontaneously, may lead to haemorrhage. In contrast, occlusion of the blood vessel (e.g. by a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque, by an embolised blood clot or a foreign body) leads to downstream ischemia (insufficient blood supply) and necrosis (tissue breakdown). An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ...
In medicine, a trauma patient has suffered serious and life-threatening physical injury resulting in secondary complications such as shock, respiratory failure and death. ...
Hemorrhage (alternate spelling is Haemorrhage) is the medical term meaning bleeding. ...
In medicine, an embolism occurs when an object (the embolus, plural emboli) migrates from one part of the body (through circulation) and cause(s) a blockage (occlusion) of a blood vessel in another part of the body. ...
A thrombus is the final product of blood coagulation, through the aggregation of platelets and the activation of the humoral coagulation system. ...
In medicine, ischemia (Greek ισχαιμία, isch- is restriction, hema or haema is blood) is a restriction in blood supply, generally due to factors in the blood vessels, with resultant damage or dysfunction of tissue. ...
Necrosis (in Greek ÎεκÏός = Death) is the name given to accidental death of cells and living tissue. ...
Vasculitis is inflammation of the vessel wall, due to autoimmune disease or infection. In medicine, vasculitis (plural: vasculitides) is a group of diseases featuring inflammation of the wall of blood vessels due to leukocyte migration and resultant damage. ...
An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ...
Autoimmune diseases arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. ...
An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. ...
Studies have shown that dark chocolate has been known to improve the blood vessels' functions. [1] Chocolate block in melted chocolate Chocolate is a common ingredient in many kinds of sweets—one of the most popular in the world. ...
See also Blood | Heart → Aorta → Arteries → Arterioles → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Vena cava → Heart → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary vein Vascular surgery is the branch of surgery that occupies itself with surgical interventions of arteries and veins, as well as conservative therapies for disease of the peripheral vascular system. ...
Vascular resistance is a term used to define the resistance to flow that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system. ...
// Anastomosis (plural anastomoses) refers to a form of network in which streams both branch out and reconnect. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Diagram of the human circulatory system. ...
Human blood smear: a - erythrocytes; b - neutrophil; c - eosinophil; d - lymphocyte. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
The aorta (generally pronounced or ay-orta) is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ...
Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
An arteriole is a blood vessel that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
A venule is a small blood vessel that allows deoxygenated blood to return from the capillary beds to the larger blood vessels called veins. ...
In the circulatory system, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. ...
The superior and inferior venae cavae are the veins that return de-oxygenated blood from the body into the heart. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
The pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs. ...
The human lungs are the human organs of respiration. ...
The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. ...
| Arteries of head and neck | COMMON CAROTID, EXTERNAL CAROTID: Anterior: superior thyroid (superior laryngeal) - lingual (sublingual)
facial: cervical branches (ascending palatine - tonsillar - submental - glandular) - facial branches (inferior labial - superior labial - lateral nasal - angular)
Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
Head and neck anatomy is a specialized study of the human body quite frequently studied in depth by surgeons, dentist, and dental technicians. ...
Left Common Carotid Artery- One of three arteries that originate along the aortic arch. ...
The carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. ...
The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland. ...
The superior laryngeal artery accompanies the internal laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, beneath the Thyreohyoideus; it pierces the hyothyroid membrane, and supplies the muscles, mucous membrane, and glands of the larynx, anastomosing with the branch from the opposite side. ...
The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery. ...
The Sublingual Artery arises at the anterior margin of the Hyoglossus, and runs forward between the Genioglossus and Mylohyoideus to the sublingual gland. ...
The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face. ...
The ascending palatine artery is an artery in the head that branches off the facial artery and runs up the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. ...
The tonsillar branch of the facial artery ascends between the Pterygoideus internus and Styloglossus, and then along the side of the pharynx, perforating the Constrictor pharyngis superior, to ramify in the substance of the palatine tonsil and root of the tongue. ...
The submental artery is a branch of the facial artery that runs on the underside of the chin. ...
The glandular branches of the facial artery (submaxillary branches) consist of three or four large vessels, which supply the submaxillary gland, some being prolonged to the neighboring muscles, lymph glands, and integument. ...
The Iinferior labial artery (inferior labial branch of facial artery) arises near the angle of the mouth; it passes upward and forward beneath the Triangularis and, penetrating the Orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane. ...
The superior labial artery (superior labial branch of facial artery) is larger and more tortuous than the inferior labial artery. ...
The lateral nasal branch of facial artery (lateral nasal artery) is derived from the facial artery as that vessel ascends along the side of the nose. ...
The Angular Artery is the terminal part of the external maxillary; it ascends to the medial angle of the orbit, imbedded in the fibers of the angular head of the Quadratus labii superioris, and accompanied by the angular vein. ...
Posterior and ascending: occipital - posterior auricular (stylomastoid) - ascending pharyngeal (meningeal branches)
occipital artery ...
The posterior auricular artery is small and arises from the external carotid, above the Digastricus and Stylohyoideus, opposite the apex of the styloid process. ...
The Stylomastoid Artery enters the stylomastoid foramen and supplies the tympanic cavity, the tympanic antrum and mastoid cells, and the semicircular canals. ...
The ascending pharyngeal artery, the smallest branch of the external carotid, is a long, slender vessel, deeply seated in the neck, beneath the other branches of the external carotid and under the Stylopharyngeus. ...
The Meningeal Branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery are several small vessels, which supply the dura mater. ...
Terminal, superficial temporal: transverse facial - middle temporal (zygomaticoörbital) - anterior auricular - frontal - parietal
Arteries of the neck - right side. ...
The transverse facial artery is an artery that branches from the superficial temporal artery and runs across the face. ...
The middle temporal artery arises immediately above the zygomatic arch, and, perforating the temporal fascia, gives branches to the Temporalis, anastomosing with the deep temporal branches of the internal maxillary. ...
The middle temporal artery occasionally gives off a zygomaticoörbital branch, which runs along the upper border of the zygomatic arch, between the two layers of the temporal fascia, to the lateral angle of the orbit. ...
The anterior auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery are distributed to the anterior portion of the auricula, the lobule, and part of the external meatus, anastomosing with the posterior auricular. ...
The frontal branch of superficial temporal artery (anterior temporal) runs tortuously upward and forward to the forehead, supplying the muscles, integument, and pericranium in this region, and anastomosing with the supraorbital and frontal arteries. ...
The parietal branch of superficial temporal artery (posterior temporal), larger than the frontal, curves upward and backward on the side of the head, lying superficial to the temporal fascia, and anastomosing with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the posterior auricular and occipital arteries. ...
Terminal, maxillary 1st part: anterior tympanic - deep auricular - middle meningeal (superior tympanic) - accessory meningeal - inferior alveolar (mylohyoid)
Terminal, maxillary 2nd part: deep temporal - pterygoid branches - masseteric - buccal
Terminal, maxillary 3rd part: posterior superior alveolar - infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar) - descending palatine - artery of the pterygoid canal - sphenopalatine The maxillary artery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The Anterior Tympanic Artery (tympanic artery) passes upward behind the temporomandibular articulation, enters the tympanic cavity through the petrotympanic fissure, and ramifies upon the tympanic membrane, forming a vascular circle around the membrane with the stylomastoid branch of the posterior auricular, and anastomosing with the artery of the pterygoid canal...
The Deep Auricular Artery often arises in common with the anterior tympanic artery. ...
The middle meningeal artery is typically the first branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The superior tympanic artery, a branch of the middle meningeal on entering the cranium, runs in the canal for the Tensor tympani, and supplies this muscle and the lining membrane of the canal. ...
The middle meningeal artery is typically the first branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The Inferior Alveolar Artery (inferior dental artery) descends with the inferior alveolar nerve to the mandibular foramen on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible. ...
As the inferior alveolar artery enters the mental foramen, it gives off a mylohyoid branch which runs in the mylohyoid groove, and ramifies on the under surface of the Mylohyoideus. ...
The deep temporal arteries, two in number, anterior and posterior, ascend between the Temporalis and the pericranium; they supply the muscle, and anastomose with the middle temporal artery; the anterior communicates with the lacrimal artery by means of small branches which perforate the zygomatic bone and great wing of the...
The pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery, irregular in their number and origin, supply the lateral pterygoid muscle and medial pterygoid muscle. ...
The Masseteric Artery is small and passes lateralward through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the Masseter. ...
The Buccinator Artery (buccal artery) is small and runs obliquely forward, between the Pterygoideus internus and the insertion of the Temporalis, to the outer surface of the Buccinator, to which it is distributed, anastomosing with branches of the external maxillary and with the infraorbital. ...
The Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery (alveolar or posterior dental artery) is given off from the internal maxillary, frequently in conjunction with the infraorbital just as the trunk of the vessel is passing into the pterygopalatine fossa. ...
The Infraorbital Artery appears, from its direction, to be the continuation of the trunk of the internal maxillary, but often arises in conjunction with the posterior superior alveolar. ...
The anterior superior alveolar arteries originate from the infraorbital artery; they supply the upper incisors and canines; they also supply the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus. ...
The Descending Palatine Artery descends through the pterygopalatine canal with the anterior palatine branch of the sphenopalatine ganglion, and, emerging from the greater palatine foramen, runs forward in a groove on the medial side of the alveolar border of the hard palate to the incisive canal; the terminal branch of...
The artery of the pterygoid canal (Vidian artery) is a small, inconstant branch which passes into the pterygoid canal and anastomoses with a branch of the internal maxillary artery. ...
The Sphenopalatine Artery (nasopalatine artery) passes through the sphenopalatine foramen into the cavity of the nose, at the back part of the superior meatus. ...
INTERNAL CAROTID: cervical portion - petrous portion (Vidian, caroticotympanic) - cavernous portion (ophthalmic)
orbital group: lacrimal - supraorbital - posterior ethmoidal - anterior ethmoidal - medial palpebral - supratrochlear - dorsal nasal - ocular group: central retinal - ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior) - superior hypophysial - inferior hypophyseal
cerebral portion: anterior cerebral - anterior communicating - middle cerebral - posterior communicating - anterior choroidal - circle of Willis The carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck that supplies blood to the head and neck. ...
The Cervical portion (or cervical segment) of the internal carotid begins at the bifurcation of the common carotid, opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, and runs perpendicularly upward, in front of the transverse processes of the upper three cervical vertebræ, to the carotid canal in the petrous portion...
The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
The artery of the pterygoid canal (Vidian artery) is a small, inconstant branch which passes into the pterygoid canal and anastomoses with a branch of the internal maxillary artery. ...
The caroticotympanic branch (tympanic branch) is small; it enters the tympanic cavity through a minute foramen in the carotid canal, and anastomoses with the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary, and with the stylomastoid artery. ...
The Cavernous Portion of internal carotid artery. ...
The opthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery which supplies branches to supply the eye and other structures in the orbit: Central retinal artery Supraorbital artery Supratrochlear artery Lacrimal artery Dorsal nasal artery Short posterior ciliary arteries Long posterior ciliary arteries Posterior ethmoidal artery Anterior ethmoidal artery...
The Lacrimal Artery arises close to the optic foramen, and is one of the largest branches derived from the ophthalmic: not infrequently it is given off before the artery enters the orbit. ...
The supraorbital artery springs from the ophthalmic as that vessel is crossing over to the medial side of the optic nerve. ...
The posterior ethmoidal artery, smaller than the anterior ethmoidal artery, branches off from the ophthalmic artery when it reaches the medial wall of the orbit. ...
The anterior ethmoidal artery, also anterior ethmoid artery, accompanies the nasociliary nerve through the anterior ethmoidal canal, supplies the anterior and middle ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus, and, entering the cranium, gives off a meningeal branch to the dura mater, and nasal branches. ...
The medial palpebral arteries (internal palpebral arteries), two in number, superior and inferior, arise from the ophthalmic, opposite the pulley of the Obliquus superior; they leave the orbit to encircle the eyelids near their free margins, forming a superior and an inferior arch, which lie between the Orbicularis oculi and...
The supratrochlear artery (or frontal artery), one of the terminal branches of the ophthalmic, branches off where the ophthalmic travels posterior to the Trochlea, leaves the orbit at its medial angle by piercing the orbital septum with the supratrochlear nerve, and, ascending on the forehead, supplies the integument, muscles, and...
The Dorsal Nasal Artery (nasal artery), the other terminal branch of the ophthalmic, emerges from the orbit above the medial palpebral ligament, and, after giving a twig to the upper part of the lacrimal sac, divides into two branches, one of which crosses the root of the nose, and anastomoses...
The retinal artery or central retinal artery branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. ...
The Ciliary Arteries are divisible into three groups, the long posterior, short posterior, and the anterior. ...
The short posterior ciliary arteries from six to twelve in number, arise from the ophthalmic as it crosses the optic nerve. ...
The long posterior ciliary arteries, two in number, pierce the posterior part of the sclera at some little distance from the optic nerve, and run forward, along either side of the eyeball, between the sclera and choroid, to the ciliary muscle, where they divide into two branches. ...
The anterior ciliary arteries are derived from the muscular branches of the Ophthalmic Artery. ...
The superior hypophysial artery is an artery supplying the pituitary gland. ...
The inferior hypophysial artery is an artery supplying the pituitary gland. ...
The cerebral portion of internal carotid artery. ...
The anterior cerebral artery supplies oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. ...
The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. ...
The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major arteries that supplies blood to the brain. ...
The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. ...
The anterior choroidal artery originates from the internal carotid artery, though it will rarely arise from the middle cerebral artery. ...
The circle of Willis (also called the cerebral arterial circle or arterial circle of Willis) is a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. ...
SUBCLAVIAN: vertebral: meningeal branches - posterior spinal - anterior spinal - posterior inferior cerebellar - basilar (pontine - labyrinthine - anterior inferior cerebellar - superior cerebellar - posterior cerebral)
thyrocervical trunk: inferior thyroid (inferior laryngeal, tracheal, esophageal, ascending cervical) - suprascapular - transverse cervical - dorsal scapular
The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries. ...
The meningeal branches of vertebral artery (posterior meningeal branch) springs from the vertebral opposite the foramen magnum, ramifies between the bone and dura mater in the cerebellar fossa, and supplies the falx cerebelli. ...
The posterior spinal artery (dorsal spinal artery) arises from the vertebral, at the side of the medulla oblongata; passing backward, it descends on this structure, lying in front of the posterior roots of the spinal nerves, and is reinforced by a succession of small branches, which enter the vertebral canal...
In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. ...
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is one of the three main arterial blood supplies for the cerebellum. ...
The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
The pontine arteries are a number of small vessels which come off at right angles from either side of the basilar artery and supply the pons and adjacent parts of the brain. ...
The labyrinthine artery (auditory artery, internal auditory artery), a long slender branch of the basilar artery, arises from near the middle of the artery; it accompanies the acoustic nerve through the internal acoustic meatus, and is distributed to the internal ear. ...
The anterior inferior cerebellar artery passes backward to be distributed to the anterior part of the under surface of the cerebellum, anastomosing with the posterior inferior cerebellar branch of the vertebral. ...
The superior cerebellar artery arises near the termination of the basilar. ...
The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. ...
The thyrocervical trunk ( A12. ...
The inferior thyroid artery passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and Longus colli; then turns medialward behind the carotid sheath and its contents, and also behind the sympathetic trunk, the middle cervical ganglion resting upon the vessel. ...
The inferior laryngeal artery ascends upon the trachea to the back part of the larynx under cover of the Constrictor pharyngis inferior, in company with the recurrent nerve, and supplies the muscles and mucous membrane of this part, anastomosing with the branch from the opposite side, and with the superior...
The tracheal branches of inferior thyroid artery are distributed upon the trachea, and anastomose below with the bronchial arteries. ...
The esophageal branches of inferior thyroid artery supply the esophagus, and anastomose with the esophageal branches of the aorta. ...
The ascending cervical artery is a small branch which arises from the inferior thyroid as that vessel is passing behind the carotid sheath; it runs up on the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebræ in the interval between the Scalenus anterior and Longus capitis. ...
The suprascapular artery (or transverse scapular artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk. ...
The transverse cervical artery (transverse artery of neck, transversalis colli artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, running at a higher level than the suprascapular artery; it passes transversely above the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle to the anterior margin of the trapezius, beneath which it divides into...
The Dorsal scapular artery (or descending scapular artery) is a blood vessel which supplies the latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids, and trapezius. ...
| | Arteries of torso | pulmonary - aorta - ascending aorta
right coronary (sinuatrial nodal, atrioventricular nodal, atrial, right marginal, posterior interventricular)
left coronary (anterior interventricular, left circumflex, left marginal)
aortic arch - brachiocephalic - thyreoidea ima - common carotid Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ...
The pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs. ...
The aorta (generally pronounced or ay-orta) is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ...
The arch of the aorta, and its branches. ...
The coronary circulation consists of the blood vessels that supply blood to, and remove blood from, the heart. ...
The sinuatrial nodal artery is an artery of the heart which supplies the sinoatrial node, and usually arises from either the right coronary artery or (less frequently) the circumflex branch of left coronary artery. ...
The atrioventricular nodal branch most freqently arises as an early branch from the right coronary artery, but occasionally the atrioventricular node receives blood from the circumflex branch of left coronary artery. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with right coronary artery. ...
The right marginal branch of right coronary artery (or right marginal artery) is a large marginal branch which follows the acute margin of the heart and supplies branches to both surfaces of the right ventricle. ...
The posterior interventricular artery (or posterior descending branch) is a branch of the right coronary artery which runs in the posterior interventricular sulcus to the apex of the heart, where it meets with the anterior interventricular artery. ...
The left coronary artery, also abbreviated LCA, arises from the aorta above the left cusp of the aortic valve. ...
The LAD, or left anterior descending artery (or anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery, or anterior descending branch) passes at first behind the pulmonary artery and then comes forward between that vessel and the left auricula to reach the anterior interventricular sulcus, along which it descends to the...
The LCX, or left circumflex artery (or circumflex artery, or circumflex branch of the left coronary artery) follows the left part of the coronary sulcus, running first to the left and then to the right, reaching nearly as far as the posterior longitudinal sulcus. ...
The left marginal artery (or obtuse marginal artery) is a branch of the circumflex artery, originating at the posterior interventricular sulcus, traveling along the left margin of heart towards the apex of the heart. ...
For the embryological structure, see Aortic arches. ...
The brachiocephalic artery (or brachiocephalic trunk or innominate artery) is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck. ...
The thyreoidea ima ascends in front of the trachea to the lower part of the thyroid gland, which it supplies. ...
Left Common Carotid Artery- One of three arteries that originate along the aortic arch. ...
SUBCLAVIAN: internal thoracic: musculophrenic - anterior intercostal - pericardiacophrenic - superior epigastric
costocervical trunk: highest intercostal, deep cervical The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
Right internal thoracic artery and its branches. ...
The Musculophrenic Artery is directed obliquely downward and lateralward, behind the cartilages of the false ribs; it perforates the diaphragm at the eighth or ninth costal cartilage, and ends, considerably reduced in size, opposite the last intercostal space. ...
The Anterior intercostal branches of internal thoracic artery supply the upper five or six intercostal spaces. ...
The Pericardiacophrenic Artery is a long slender branch, which accompanies the phrenic nerve, between the pleura and pericardium, to the diaphragm, to which it is distributed; it anastomoses with the musculophrenic and inferior phrenic arteries. ...
Superior epigastric artery, internal thoracic artery and inferior epigastric artery. ...
The costocervical trunk (superior intercostal artery) arises from the upper and back part of the subclavian artery, behind the scalenus anterior on the right side, and medial to that muscle on the left side. ...
The highest intercostal artery (supreme intercostal artery, superior intercostal artery) is an artery in the human body that usually gives rise to the first and second posterior intercostal arteries, which supply blood to their corresponing intercostal space. ...
The Deep cervical artery (Profunda cervicalis) arises, in most cases, from the costocervical trunk, and is analogous to the posterior branch of an aortic intercostal artery: occasionally it is a separate branch from the subclavian artery. ...
DESCENDING AORTA / THORACIC AORTA: bronchial - esophageal - posterior intercostal - subcostal The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. ...
The largest artery in the human body, the aorta originates from the left ventricle of the heart and brings oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ...
Bronchial Artery The bronchial arteries supply nutrients and oxygen to the root of the lungs, the supporting tissues of the lungs, and the visceral pleura of the lungs. ...
The esophageal arteries four or five in number, arise from the front of the aorta, and pass obliquely downward to the esophagus, forming a chain of anastomoses along that tube, anastomosing with the esophageal branches of the inferior thyroid arteries above, and with ascending branches from the left inferior phrenic...
The posterior intercostal arteries are arteries that supply blood to the intercostal spaces. ...
The subcostal arteries, so named because they lie below the last ribs, constitute the lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries. ...
ABDOMINAL AORTA: Anterior - celiac: left gastric AORTA can also mean always-on real-time access, referring to WAN computer networks. ...
The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta and branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 vertebra in humans. ...
The left gastric artery arises from the coeliac trunk, and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach, while the right gastric artery supplies the inferior portion. ...
splenic: pancreatic branches (arteria pancreatica magna) - short gastric - left gastro-omental Branches of the celiac artery. ...
The pancreatic branches are numerous small vessels derived from the lienal as it runs behind the upper border of the pancreas, supplying its body and tail. ...
In human anatomy, the arteria pancreatica magna, also great pancreatic artery and greater pancreatic artery, is the largest blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the pancreas and arises from the splenic artery. ...
The short gastric arteries (vasa brevia) consist of from five to seven small branches, which arise from the end of the lienal artery, and from its terminal divisions. ...
The left gastro-omental artery (or left gastroepiploic artery), the largest branch of the splenic artery, runs from left to right about a finger’s breadth or more from the greater curvature of the stomach, between the layers of the greater omentum, and anastomoses with the right gastroepiploic. ...
common hepatic: proper hepatic (cystic), right gastric, gastroduodenal (right gastro-omental, superior pancreaticoduodenal) Branches of the celiac artery - stomach in situ. ...
The hepatic artery proper (also proper hepatic artery), arises from the common hepatic artery and joins the portal vein and the common bile duct to form the portal triad. ...
The cystic artery supplies oxygenated blood to the gallbladder and cystic duct. ...
The right gastric artery (pyloric artery) arises from the hepatic, above the pylorus, descends to the pyloric end of the stomach, and passes from right to left along its lesser curvature, supplying it with branches, and anastomosing with the left gastric artery. ...
Branches of the celiac artery. ...
The right gastro-omental artery (or right gastroepiploic artery) runs from right to left along the greater curvature of the stomach, between the layers of the greater omentum, anastomosing with the left gastroepiploic branch of the splenic artery. ...
The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery descends between the contiguous margins of the duodenum and pancreas. ...
superior mesenteric: inferior pancreaticoduodenal - intestinal - ileocolic (appendicular) - right colic - middle colic The superior mesenteric artery arises from the anterior surface of the aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the duodenum and pancreas to the left colic flexure. ...
The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is given off from the superior mesenteric or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum. ...
The Intestinal Arteries (vasa intestini tenuis) arise from the convex side of the superior mesenteric artery. ...
The Ileocolic Artery is the lowest branch arising from the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery. ...
The appendicular artery descends behind the termination of the ileum and enters the mesenteriole of the vermiform process; it runs near the free margin of this mesenteriole and ends in branches which supply the vermiform process. ...
The Right Colic Artery arises from about the middle of the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery, or from a stem common to it and the ileocolic. ...
The middle colic artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that mostly supplies the transverse colon. ...
inferior mesenteric: left colic - sigmoid - superior rectal In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery, often abbreviated as IMA, supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. ...
The left colic artery runs to the left behind the peritoneum and in front of the psoas major muscle, and after a short, but variable, course divides into an ascending and a descending branch; the stem of the artery or its branches cross the left ureter and left internal spermatic...
The Sigmoid Arteries, two or three in number, run obliquely downward and to the left behind the peritoneum and in front of the Psoas major, ureter, and internal spermatic vessels. ...
The superior rectal artery (superior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that descends into the pelvis to supply blood to the rectum. ...
Posterior - Visceral: middle suprarenal - renal (inferior suprarenal) - testicular/ovarian - Parietal: inferior phrenic (superior suprarenal) - lumbar - median sacral
The middle suprarenal arteries (middle capsular arteries; suprarenal arteries) are two small vessels which arise, one from either side of the aorta, opposite the superior mesenteric artery. ...
Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ...
Each renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles. ...
The testicular artery (the male gonadal artery, also called the internal spermatic arteries in older texts) is a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testis. ...
In human anatomy, the ovarian artery is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary. ...
The inferior phrenic arteries are two small vessels, which supply the diaphragm but present much variety in their origin. ...
Each (left and right) superior suprarenal artery is a branch of the inferior phrenic artery on that side of the body. ...
The lumbar arteries are in series with the intercostals. ...
The median sacral artery (or middle sacral artery) is a small vessel, which arises from the back of the aorta, a little above its bifurcation. ...
Terminal branches: common iliac - marginal - internal iliac Bifurcation of the aorta and the right iliac arteries - side view. ...
In human anatomy, the marginal artery of the colon, also known as the marginal artery of Drummond and artery of Drummond (named after Sir David Drummond (1852-1932) an English physician), is a blood vessel that anastomoses (connects) the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) with the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). ...
The Internal iliac artery, formerly known as the hypogastric artery, supplies the walls and viscera of the pelvis, the buttock, the reproductive organs, and the medial compartment of the thigh. ...
INTERNAL ILIAC: Anterior: umbilical (superior vesical, to ductus deferens) - inferior vesical - middle rectal - uterine (azygos of the vagina) - vaginal - obturator (anterior branch, posterior branch)
internal pudendal: (inferior rectal, perineal, artery of the urethral bulb, urethral, deep artery of the penis, dorsal artery of the penis)
inferior gluteal (accompanying of ischiadic nerve, crucial anastomosis)
Posterior: iliolumbar - lateral sacral - superior gluteal The Internal iliac artery, formerly known as the hypogastric artery, supplies the walls and viscera of the pelvis, the buttock, the reproductive organs, and the medial compartment of the thigh. ...
Umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta in the umbilical cord. ...
The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder. ...
The artery to the ductus deferens, as its name suggests, is an artery in males that provides blood to the ductus deferens. ...
The inferior vesical artery frequently arises in common with the middle hemorrhoidal, and is distributed to the fundus of the bladder, the prostate, and the vesiculæ seminales. ...
The middle rectal artery usually arises with the inferior vesical artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
The uterine artery supplies branches to the cervix uteri and others which descend on the vagina; the latter anastomose with branches of the vaginal arteries and form with them two median longitudinal vessels—the azygos arteries of the vagina—one of which runs down in front of and the other...
The vaginal artery usually corresponds to the inferior vesical in the male; it descends upon the vagina, supplying its mucous membrane, and sends branches to the bulb of the vestibule, the fundus of the bladder, and the contiguous part of the rectum . ...
The obturator artery passes forward and downward on the lateral wall of the pelvis, to the upper part of the obturator foramen, and, escaping from the pelvic cavity through the obturator canal, it divides into an anterior and a posterior branch. ...
The anterior branch of the obturator artery runs forward on the outer surface of the obturator membrane and then curves downward along the anterior margin of the foramen. ...
The posterior branch of the obturator artery follows the posterior margin of the foramen and turns forward on the inferior ramus of the ischium, where it anastomoses with the anterior branch. ...
Internal pudendal artery is the terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery which supplies the external genitalia. ...
The inferior rectal artery (inferior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that supplies blood the the rectum. ...
The Perineal Artery (superficial perineal artery) arises from the internal pudendal, and turns upward, crossing either over or under the Transversus perinæi superficialis, and runs forward, parallel to the pubic arch, in the interspace between the Bulbocavernosus and Ischiocavernosus, both of which it supplies, and finally divides into several...
The artery of the urethral bulb (artery of bulb of penis) is a short vessel of large caliber which arises from the internal pudendal between the two layers of fascia of the urogenital diaphragm; it passes medialward, pierces the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, and gives off branches which...
The Urethral Artery arises a short distance in front of the artery of the urethral bulb. ...
The Deep Artery of the Penis (a. ...
The Dorsal Artery of the Penis ascends between the crus penis and the pubic symphysis, and, piercing the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, passes between the two layers of the suspensory ligament of the penis, and runs forward on the dorsum of the penis to the glans, where it...
The inferior gluteal artery (sciatic artery), the larger of the two terminal branches of the anterior trunk of the hypogastric, is distributed chiefly to the buttock and back of the thigh. ...
The accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve is a long, slender vessel, which accompanies the sciatic nerve for a short distance; it then penetrates it, and runs in its substance to the lower part of the thigh. ...
The cruciate anastomosis is an anastomosis in the upper thigh of the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, and the first perforating artery of the profunda femoris artery. ...
The iliolumbar artery, a branch of the posterior trunk of the hypogastric, turns upward behind the obturator nerve and the external iliac vessels, to the medial border of the Psoas major, behind which it divides into a lumbar and an iliac branch. ...
The lateral sacral arteries arise from the posterior division of the hypogastric; there are usually two, a superior and an inferior. ...
The superior gluteal artery (gluteal artery) is the largest branch of the hypogastric, and appears to be the continuation of the posterior division of that vessel. ...
EXTERNAL ILIAC: inferior epigastric (cremasteric) - deep circumflex iliac The external iliac arteries are large arteries that connect the femoral arteries to the common iliac arteries. ...
Right inferior epigastric artery - view from inside of abdomen. ...
The cremasteric artery (external spermatic artery) is a branch of the Inferior epigastric artery which accompanies the spermatic cord, and supplies the Cremaster and other coverings of the cord, anastomosing with the internal spermatic artery (in the female it is very small and accompanies the round ligament. ...
The deep circumflex iliac artery (or deep iliac circumflex artery) is an artery in the pelvis that travels along the iliac crest of the pelvic bone. ...
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