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Encyclopedia > Body odor
Bromhidrosis
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 L75.0
ICD-9 705.89

Body odor (spelled body odour in the U.K.), often abbreviated as B.O., or bromhidrosis (also called bromidrosis, osmidrosis and ozochrotia) is the smell of bacteria growing on the body. These bacteria multiply rapidly in the presence of sweat, but sweat itself is almost completely odorless. Body odor is associated with the hair, feet, groin (upper medial thigh), anus, skin in general, armpits, genitals, pubic hair, and mouth. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... // L00-L99 - Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L08) Infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00) Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (L01) Impetigo (L02) Cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle (L03) Cellulitis (L04) Acute lymphadenitis (L05) Pilonidal cyst (L08) Other local infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue (L081) Erythrasma... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... Aroma redirects here. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... SWEAT is an OLN/TSN show hosted by Julie Zwillich that aired in 2003-2004. ... This article is about the body feature. ... For other uses, see Foot (disambiguation). ... The groin is the crease at the junction of the torso with the legs and the adjacent region that includes the external genitals. ... This article is about the bodily orifice. ... This article is about the organ. ... The armpit (or axilla) is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the arm connects to the shoulder. ... A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, narrowly defined, is any of those parts of the body (which are not always bodily organs according to the strict definition) which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in an complex organism; namely: Male: penis (notably the glans penis... Pubic hair is hair in the frontal genital area, the crotch, and sometimes at the top of the inside of the legs; these areas form the pubic region. ... For other uses, see Mouth (disambiguation). ...

Contents

Specificity

Body odour can smell pleasant and specific to the individual, and can be used to identify people, though this is more often done by dogs and other animals, than by humans. An individual's body odour is also influenced by diet, gender, genetics, health, medication, and mood.[citation needed] Propionic acid (propanoic acid) is present in many sweat samples. This acid is a breakdown product of some amino acids by propionibacteria, which thrive in the ducts of adolescent and adult sebaceous glands. Because propionic acid is chemically similar to acetic acid with similar physical characteristics including odour, body odours may be identified as having a vinegar-like smell by certain persons. Isovaleric acid (3-methyl butanoic acid) is the other source of body odour as a result of actions of the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis,[1] which is also present in several strong cheese types. Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... The word Animals when used alone has several possible meanings in the English language. ... This article is about modern humans. ... In nutrition, the diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism. ... Gender symbols: female (left), male (right). ... This article is about the general scientific term. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A persons emotional mood is a measurable affective state, which can consist of a combination of emotions. ... Propionic acid (systematically named propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2COOH. In the pure state, it is a colorless, corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. ... This article is about the class of chemicals. ... R-phrases , S-phrases , , , Flash point 43 °C Related Compounds Related carboxylic; acids Formic acid; Propionic acid; Butyric acid Related compounds acetamide; ethyl acetate; acetyl chloride; acetic anhydride; acetonitrile; acetaldehyde; ethanol; thioacetic acid; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... 3-Methylbutanoic acid, or more commonly isovaleric acid, is a natural fatty acid found in a wide variety of plants and essential oils. ... Binomial name (Winslow & Winslow 1908) Evans 1916 Staphylococcus epidermidis is a member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus, consisting of Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters. ...


Genetics

Body odor is largely influenced by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. These are genetically determined and play an important role in immunity of the organism. The vomeronasal organ contains cells sensitive to MHC molecules in a genotype-specific way. Experiments on animals and volunteers have shown that potential sexual partners tend to be perceived more attractive if their MHC composition is substantially different. This behavior pattern promotes variability of the immune system of individuals in the population, thus making the population more robust against new diseases. Protein images comparing the MHC I (1hsa) and MHC II (1dlh) molecules. ... Immunity is a medical term that describes a state of having sufficient biological defenses to avoid infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion. ... The vomeronasal organ (VNO) or Jacobsons organ is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ in some tetrapods. ...


A recent study suggests that body odor is genetically determined by a gene that also codes the type of earwax one has.[2][3] Oriental Asians (those of Chinese, Japanese and Korean descent) have the type of sweat glands which even after hitting puberty still don't produce the chemicals found in the sweats of other races. East Asians evidently have a greater chance of having the 'dry' earwax type and reduced axial sweating and odor. This may be due to adaptation to colder climates. Wet-type human earwax on a cotton swab. ...


Alterations

Body odor perceived as offensive may be reduced or prevented by using suitable deodorants and although body odor is commonly associated with hygiene, its presentation can be affected by changes in diet as well as those other factors discussed above.[4] Roll-on deodorant Rexona Degree brand Stick deodorant Deodorants (Deodourants) are substances applied to the body, most frequently the underarms, to reduce the body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration. ... Hygiene refers to practices associated with ensuring good health and cleanliness. ... Look up diet in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...


See also

Butyric acid, (from Greek βουτυρος = butter) IUPAC name n-Butanoic acid, or normal butyric acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. It is notably found in rancid butter, parmesan cheese, and vomit, and has an unpleasant odor and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). ... Foot odor is a type of body odor that affects the feet of humans and is characterized by a smell generally regarded as unpleasant. ... Halitosis, oral malodor (scientific term), breath odor, foul breath, fetor oris, fetor ex ore, or most commonly bad breath are terms used to describe noticeably unpleasant odors exhaled in breathing – whether the smell is from an oral source or not. ... Olfactophilia, (Latin=olfacto, to smell, pertaining to the sense of smell, and philia, love), is the sexual attraction to, or sexual arousal by, smells and odors emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas. ... Fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov gland (white-at tip of abdomen) releasing pheromone to entice swarm into an empty hive A pheromone (from Greek φέρω phero to bear + ‘ορμόνη hormone) is a chemical that triggers a natural behavioral response in another member of the same species. ... In humans, there are four kinds of sudoriferous or sweat glands which differ greatly in both the composition of the sweat and its purpose. ...

References

  1. ^ http://rparticle.web-p.cisti.nrc.ca/rparticle/AbstractTemplateServlet?journal=cjm&volume=52&year=&issue=&msno=w05-130&calyLang=eng Foot odour due to microbial metabolism and its control
  2. ^ Japanese Scientists Identify Ear Wax Gene - New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-07-05.
  3. ^ A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type - Nature Genetics. Retrieved on 2007-07-05.
  4. ^ Learn How to Fight Body Odor. Retrieved on 2007-07-05.

Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

A keloid is a special type of scar which results in an overgrowth of tissue at the site of a healed skin injury. ... Her first appearance was in Atari Force #1, Morphea is a DC Comics character who is an alien Canopian in the DC Universe. ... Calcinosis cutis (or cutaneous calcification) is a type of calcinosis wherein calcium deposits form in the skin. ... Sclerodactyly is a localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes. ... Ainhum disease is the autoamputation of the fifth toe. ... // Q00-Q99 - Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q07) Congenital malformations of the nervous system (Q00) Anencephaly and similar malformations (Q01) Encephalocele (Q02) Microcephaly (Q03) Congenital hydrocephalus (Q04) Other congenital malformations of brain (Q05) Spina bifida (Q06) Other congenital malformations of spinal cord (Q07) Other congenital malformations of nervous...

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