NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bodyline

Bodyline, also known as fast leg theory, was a cricketing tactic devised by the English cricket team for their 1932–33 Ashes tour of Australia, specifically to combat the extraordinary batting skill of Australia's Don Bradman. A Bodyline bowler deliberately aimed the cricket ball at the body of the opposing batsman, in the hope of creating legside deflections that could be caught by one of several fielders located in the quadrant of the field behind square leg. Image File history File links LinkFA-star. ... Australian cricket batsman Jack Fingleton faces a Bodyline field in the 4th Test match in Brisbane, 1933. ... Australian cricket batsman Jack Fingleton faces a Bodyline field in the 4th Test match in Brisbane, 1933. ... Bill Woodfull William Bill Woodfull (22 August 1897, Maldon, Victoria, Australia - 11 August 1965, Tweed Heads South, New South Wales) was an Australian cricket player. ... For the insect, see Cricket (insect). ... The logo of the England Cricket Team which shows the three Lions of England below a five-pointed crown The England cricket team is a cricket team which represents England and Wales, operating under the auspices of the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB). ... The Ashes urn is reputed to contain a burnt item of cricket equipment, possibly a bail. ... A professional cricket match In the sport of cricket, batting is the act or skill of hitting the cricket ball with a cricket bat in order to score runs without getting out. ... Sir Donald George Bradman (August 27, 1908 - February 25, 2001) was an Australian cricket player who is universally regarded as the greatest batsman of all time, and one of Australias greatest popular heroes. ... Darren Gough bowling A bowler in the sport of cricket is usually a player whose speciality is bowling. ... Cricket ball A cricket ball is a hard, solid ball used to play cricket. ... Cricket batsman A batsman in the sport of cricket is, depending on context: Any player in the act of batting. ... The leg side, or on side, is defined to be a particular half of the field used to play the sport of cricket. ... Fielding in the sport of cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the batsman, in such a way as to either limit the number of runs that the batsman scores or get the batsman out by catching the ball in flight or running... Fielding in the sport of cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the batsman in such a way as to either limit the number of runs that the batsman scores or get the batsman out by catching the ball or running the batsman...

This tactic caused several injuries to Australian players and led to ill feeling between the two national teams. The controversy eventually spilled into the diplomatic arena. Over the next two decades, several of the Laws of Cricket were changed to prevent this kind of tactic being used again. The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club which serve to standardise the format of cricket matches across the world to ensure uniformity and fairness. ...

Genesis

The Australian cricket team toured England in 1930. Australia won the five-Test series 2-1, with Don Bradman scoring an astounding 974 runs at a batting average of 139.14, an aggregate record that stands to this day.^[1] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification - by Athelstan AD 927 Area - Total 130,395 kmÂ² (1st in UK) 50,346 sq mi Population - 2005 est. ... See also: 1929 in sports, other events of 1930, 1931 in sports and the list of years in sports. // Basketball The South American Basketball Championship 1930, won by Uruguay, is the first major international basketball championship. ... Test cricket is the longest form of the sport of cricket. ... In the sport of cricket, a run is the basic unit of scoring. ... Batting average is a statistic in both cricket and baseball measuring the performance of cricket batsmen and baseball hitters, respectively. ...

After the series, Douglas Jardine – who was later appointed England's captain for the 1932–33 English tour of Australia – devised a plan with Nottinghamshire captain Arthur Carr and his two fast bowlers Harold Larwood and Bill Voce to combat Bradman's extraordinary skills. At a meeting in London's Piccadilly Hotel, the Oxford-educated Jardine asked Larwood and Voce if they could bowl on leg stump and make the ball come up into the body of the batsman. The bowlers agreed they could, and that it might prove effective.^{[citation needed]} Douglas Robert Jardine (23 October 1900, Bombay - 18 June 1958, Montreux) was a British cricketer and captain of the controversial 1932-33 Bodyline tour of Australia. ... This is a list of all English national cricket captains, comprising all of the men, boys and women who have captained an English national cricket team at official international level. ... Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English domestic cricket structure, representing the historic county of Nottinghamshire. ... Arthur William Carr (21 May 1893, Mickleham, Surrey, England - 7 February 1963, West Witton, Yorkshire) was an English cricket player. ... Fast bowling, sometimes known as pace bowling, is one of the two approaches to bowling in the sport of cricket. ... Harold Larwood (November 14, 1904 - July 22, 1995) was an English cricket player, an extremely quick and accurate fast bowler best known for his key role as the implementer of fast leg theory in the infamous Bodyline Ashes Test series of 1932-33. ... Bill Voce (8 August 1909, Annesley Woodhouse, Nottinghamshire, England - 6 June 1984, Lenton, Nottinghamshire) was an English cricket player. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... In the sport of cricket, the term stump has three different meanings: part of the wicket, a manner of dismissing a batsman, and the end of the days play (stumps). Part of the wicket The stumps are three vertical posts supporting the bails to form a wicket at each...

Accompanying this bowling line would be a cordon of close fielders set on the leg side. The result was that the batsman had to choose to either take evasive action from balls aimed at his body and head, or attempt to fend the ball away with the bat, possibly giving catching chances to the close-set leg side field. A similar tactic, known as leg theory, has been employed previously, by slow bowlers such as Fred Root and Armstrong, but with more conventionally pitched and much slower deliveries.^[2] It was occasionally an effective tactic, but sometimes made for boring watching, like the modern tactic of leg-spin or left-arm bowlers bowling into the rough area of the pitch outside leg stump to restrict a batsman's scoring opportunities. Line and length in cricket refers to the direction and point of bouncing on the pitch of a delivery. ... Fielding in the sport of cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the batsman, in such a way as to either limit the number of runs that the batsman scores or get the batsman out by catching the ball in flight or running... The leg side, or on side, is defined to be a particular half of the field used to play the sport of cricket. ... The front of a cricket bat, showing the names for the different parts of the bat A cricket bat is used by the batsmen in the sport of cricket. ... Leg theory is a bowling tactic in the sport of cricket. ... Charles Frederick Root (16 April 1890 - 20 January 1954) was an English cricketer. ...

Larwood and Voce practised the plan over the next two seasons of English county cricket, terrorising their opponents as Nottinghamshire finished near the top of the competition each year. By the time the English team left for Australia in October 1932, Larwood and Voce, along with Bill Bowes from Yorkshire, had perfected their attack.^[3] In the UK, County cricket is the domestic form of the sport of cricket that is considered to be first-class cricket. ... See also: 1931 in sports, 1933 in sports and the list of years in sports. Baseball Brooklyns major league baseball team, known informally until now as the Superbas, the Robins, or the Trolley Dodgers, officially selects the name Brooklyn Dodgers. ... Look up Yorkshire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

English tour 1932–33

The English players first tried their tactic in a first-class tour match against an Australian XI in Perth, a game in which Jardine rested and gave the captaincy duties to his deputy Bob Wyatt. Seeing the bruising balls hit the Australian batsmen on several occasions in this game and the next angered the spectators.^{[citation needed]} First-class cricket matches are those between international teams or the highest standard of domestic teams in which teams have two innings each. ... Perth is the capital of the Australian state of Western Australia. ... Robert Bob Elliott Storey Wyatt (2 May 1901, Milford Heath House, Surrey, England _ 20 April 1995, Truro, Cornwall) was an English cricket player. ...

The English players and management were consistent in referring to their tactic as fast leg theory because they considered it to be a variant of the established — and relatively harmless — leg theory tactic. The Australian press came up with the far more evocative and inflammatory term, Bodyline (see below). The reporting of the series in England described the tactic as fast leg theory, which caused serious misunderstandings, as neither the English public nor the Board of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) — the governing body of English cricket — could understand why the Australians were complaining about a commonly used tactic and came to the conclusion that the Australian cricket authorities and public were sore losers and "squealers".^{[citation needed]} Leg theory is a bowling tactic in the sport of cricket. ... Lords 2005 The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), founded in 1787, is a private members club and was the original governing body of cricket in England and across the world. ...

In the Test matches, Bradman countered Bodyline by moving toward the leg side, away from the line of the ball, and cutting it into the vacant off side field. Whilst this was dubious in terms of batting technique, it seemed the best way to cope with the barrage, and Bradman averaged a creditable 56.57 in the series (compared to his career average of 99.94), while being struck above the waist by the ball only once. His team-mates fared worse, being unable to compile large scores.^[4] For usage in other sports, see offside rule. ... A professional cricket match In the sport of cricket, batting is the act or skill of hitting the cricket ball with a cricket bat in order to score runs without getting out. ... Batting average is a statistic in both cricket and baseball measuring the performance of cricket batsmen and baseball hitters, respectively. ...

Whilst moderately successful as a tactic (England regained the Ashes with a 4-1 margin), the Australian crowds abhorred Bodyline as vicious and unsporting. Matters came to a head in the third Test at Adelaide, when Larwood struck Australian captain Bill Woodfull above the heart and fractured wicket-keeper Bert Oldfield's skull (although this was from a top edge off a traditional non-Bodyline ball and Oldfield admitted it was his fault). Tension and feelings ran so high that a riot was narrowly averted as police stationed themselves between the players and enraged spectators. However, at the time England were not using the Bodyline tactics. Woodfull was struck when he was bent over his bat and wicket – and not when upright as often imagined. The crowd was incensed, and popular imagination blurred, when Jardine ordered his team to move to Bodyline positions immediately after Woodfull's injury.^[5] Bert Oldfield is struck in the head by English fast bowler Harold Larwood in the 3rd Bodyline Test cricket match in Adelaide, Australia, 1933. ... William Albert Stanley Bert Oldfield (9 September 1894, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - 10 August 1976, Sydney, New South Wales) was an Australian cricket player. ... Harold Larwood (November 14, 1904 - July 22, 1995) was an English cricket player, an extremely quick and accurate fast bowler best known for his key role as the implementer of fast leg theory in the infamous Bodyline Ashes Test series of 1932-33. ... Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia, with a population of over 1. ... Bill Woodfull William Bill Woodfull (22 August 1897, Maldon, Victoria, Australia - 11 August 1965, Tweed Heads South, New South Wales) was an Australian cricket player. ... A wicket keeper in characteristic position, ready to face a delivery. ... William Albert Stanley Bert Oldfield (9 September 1894, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - 10 August 1976, Sydney, New South Wales) was an Australian cricket player. ... Cricket is a team sport played between two teams of eleven. ...

In a famous quotation, Bill Woodfull said to the England tour manager Pelham Warner, when the latter came to express his sympathy for Woodfull's injury: Sir Pelham Francis Warner, affectionately and better known as Plum Warner, or the Grand Old Man of English cricket was born on 2 October 1873 in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and died on 30 January 1963 at West Lavington, Sussex. ...

At the end of the fourth day's play the Australian Board of Control for Cricket sent the following cable to the MCC in London: Image File history File links Cquote1. ... Image File history File links Cquote2. ... Cricket Australia logo Cricket Australia (ABN 53 006 089 130) an Australian Public Company, Limited By Guarantee, formerly the Australian Cricket Board, is the governing body for professional cricket in Australia. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Jardine however insisted his tactic was not designed to cause injury and that he was leading his team in a sportsmanlike and gentlemanly manner, arguing that it was up to the Australian batsmen to play their way out of trouble. It seems he did genuinely regret any injuries sufferred, as he secretly sent a telegram of sympathy to Bert Oldfield's wife and arranged for presents to be given to his young daughters.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Cquote1. ... Image File history File links Cquote2. ... Bert Oldfield is struck in the head by English fast bowler Harold Larwood in the 3rd Bodyline Test cricket match in Adelaide, Australia, 1933. ... Bert Oldfield is struck in the head by English fast bowler Harold Larwood in the 3rd Bodyline Test cricket match in Adelaide, Australia, 1933. ...

The situation escalated into a diplomatic incident between the countries as the MCC — supported by the British public and still over the opinion that their fast leg theory tactic was harmless — took serious offence at being branded "unsportsmanlike" and demanded a retraction. With World War I still fresh in people's memories and the first rumblings of World War II beginning, many people saw Bodyline as fracturing an international relationship that needed to remain strong.^{[citation needed]} Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead...

Jardine, and by extension the entire English team, threatened to withdraw from the fourth and fifth Tests unless the Australian Board withdrew the accusation of unsporting behaviour. Public reaction in both England and Australia was outrage directed at the other nation. The Governor of South Australia, Alexander Hore-Ruthven, who was in England at the time, expressed his concern to British Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs James Henry Thomas that this would cause a significant impact on trade between the nations.^{[citation needed]} See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ... Lord Gowrie Alexander Gore Arkwright Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie VC, KBE, PC (6 July 1872 - 2 May 1955), tenth Governor-General of Australia, was born in Windsor, Berkshire, England, the second son of the 8th Baron Ruthven. ... The position of Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs was a British cabinet level position created in 1925 to deal with British relations with the Dominions — Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Newfoundland, and the Irish Free State. ... James (Jimmy) Henry Thomas, (October 3, 1874 - January 21, 1949) was a British trade unionist and Labour politician. ...

The standoff was settled only when Australian Prime Minister Joseph Lyons met with members of the Australian Board and outlined to them the severe economic hardships that could be caused in Australia if the British public boycotted Australian trade. Given this understanding, the Board withdrew the allegation of unsportsmanlike behaviour two days before the fourth Test, thus saving the tour.^{[citation needed]} Judicial High Court Lower Courts Constitution State and territory governments Executive Governors and Administrators Premiers and Chief Ministers Legislative Parliaments and Assemblies State electoral systems ACT - NSW - NT - Qld. ... Joseph Aloysius Lyons (15 September 1879 â€“ 7 April 1939), Australian politician, tenth Prime Minister of Australia. ...

The English team continued to bowl Bodyline in the remaining two Tests, but slower pitches meant the Australians, although frequently bruised, sustained no further serious injuries.

In England

Bodyline continued to be bowled occasionally in the 1933 English season — most notably by Nottinghamshire, who had Carr, Voce and Larwood in their team. This gave the English crowds their first chance to see what all the fuss was about. Ken Farnes, the Cambridge University fast bowler also bowled it in the University Match, hitting a few Oxford batsmen. Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English domestic cricket structure, representing the historic county of Nottinghamshire. ... Kenneth Farnes (born July 8, 1911, Leytonstone, Essex, died October 20, 1941, Chipping Warden, Oxfordshire) was an English cricketer who played in 15 Tests from 1934 to 1939. ... Cambridge University Cricket Club (now subsumed into the Cambridge University Centre of Cricketing Excellence) is a first-class cricket team. ... Oxford University Cricket Club (now subsumed into the Oxford University Centre of Cricketing Excellence) is a first-class cricket team. ...

Jardine himself had to face Bodyline bowling in a Test match. The West Indian cricket team toured England in 1933, and, in the second Test at Old Trafford, Jackie Grant, their captain, decided to try Bodyline. He had a couple of fast bowlers, Manny Martindale and Learie Constantine. Facing Bodyline tactics for the first time, England first suffered, falling to 134 for 4, with Wally Hammond being hit on the chin, though he recovered to continue his innings. Then Jardine himself faced Martindale and Constantine. Jardine never flinched. He played right back to the bouncers, standing on tiptoe, and, no doubt partly because he didn't care for the hook shot, played them with a dead bat. Whilst the Old Trafford pitch was not as suited to Bodyline as the hard Australian wickets, Martindale did take 5 for 73, but Constantine only took 1 for 55. Jardine himself made 127, his only Test century. Learie Constantine, was one of the first great West Indian players. ... Old Trafford cricket ground has been the home of Lancashire County Cricket Club since 1856. ... George Copeland (Jackie) Grant (May 9, 1907-October 26, 1978) was a West Indian cricketer who captained the side through several series. ... Emmanuel Alfred Martindale (born November 25, 1909, Saint Lucy Parish, Barbados, died 17 March 1972, Saint Peter Parish, Barbados) was a West Indian cricketer who played in 10 Tests from 1933 to 1939. ... Learie Constantine, Baron Constantine of Maraval and Nelson (b. ... Walter Reginald Hammond (June 19, 1903 - July 1, 1965), often known as Wally Hammond, was an English cricketer, who played for Gloucestershire and England, primarily as a batsman, in a career that straddled (and was disrupted by) the Second World War. ... A professional cricket match In the sport of cricket, batting is the act or skill of hitting the cricket ball with a cricket bat in order to score runs without getting out. ...

In the second West Indian innings, Clark bowled Bodyline back to the West Indians, taking 2 for 64. The match in the end was drawn; it was also the highest-profile game in which Bodyline was bowled in England.^[6]

Origin of the term

Although Jack Worrall claimed that he had invented the term "Bodyline", it is more likely that it was coined by Sydney journalist Hugh Buggy who worked for The Sun in 1932, and who happened to be a colleague of Jack Fingleton. Buggy sent a telegram to his newspaper from the Test after a day's play. As a substitute for "in the line of the body" he used the term "bodyline", to keep the cost down, and the new term quickly became established.^[7] John Jack Worrall (20 June 1860 - 17 November 1937) was a top-level Australian rules footballer and test cricketer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ... John Henry Webb Fingleton, better known as Jack Fingleton, was an Australian cricketer and cricket commentator. ...

Changes to the Laws of Cricket

As a direct consequence of the 1932–33 tour, the MCC introduced a new rule to the Laws of Cricket in 1935.^[8] Specifically, umpires were now given the power — and the responsibility — to intervene if they considered a bowler was deliberately aiming at a batsman with intent to injure. The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club which serve to standardise the format of cricket matches across the world to ensure uniformity and fairness. ... An umpire in cricket (from the Old French Nompere meaning not equal, i. ...

Some 25 years later, another rule was introduced banning the placement of more than two fielders in the quadrant of the field behind square leg. Although this rule was not principally intended to prevent leg theory, it diluted the potency of short-pitched leg theory, as it allowed for fewer catching positions on the leg side.^{[citation needed]}

Later law changes, under the heading of "Intimidatory Short Pitched Bowling", also restricted the number of "bouncers" which may be bowled in an over. Nevertheless, the tactic of intimidating the batsman is still used to an extent that would have been shocking in 1933, although it is less dangerous now because today's players wear helmets and generally far more protective gear. The West Indies teams of the 1980s, which regularly fielded a bowling attack comprising some of the best fast bowlers in cricket history, were perhaps the most feared exponents.^{[citation needed]} In the sport of cricket, a bouncer (or bumper) is a type of delivery, usually bowled by a fast bowler. ... In the sport of cricket an over is a series of six consecutive balls bowled by a single bowler. ... Learie Constantine, was one of the first great West Indian players. ...

Cultural impact

Following the 1932–33 series, several authors – including many of the players involved – released books expressing various points of view about Bodyline. Many argued that it was a scourge on cricket and must be stamped out, while some did not see what all the fuss was about.

The MCC asked Harold Larwood to sign an apology to them for his bowling in Australia, making his selection for England again conditional upon it. Larwood was furious at the notion, pointing out that he had been following orders from his upper-class captain, and that was where any blame should lie. Larwood never played for England again, and became vilified in his own country. In retrospect, this event is seen by many as the first step in breaking down the class distinction in English cricket. Douglas Jardine always defended his tactics and in a book he wrote about the tour described allegations that the England bowlers directed their attack with the intention of causing physical harm as stupid and patently untruthful. Harold Larwood (November 14, 1904 - July 22, 1995) was an English cricket player, an extremely quick and accurate fast bowler best known for his key role as the implementer of fast leg theory in the infamous Bodyline Ashes Test series of 1932-33. ...

Outside the sport, there were significant consequences for Anglo-Australian relations, which remained strained, until the outbreak of World War II made cooperation paramount. Business between the two countries was adversely affected as citizens of each country displayed a preference for not buying goods manufactured in the other. Australian commerce also suffered in British colonies in Asia: the North China Daily News published a pro-Bodyline editorial, denouncing Australians as sore losers. An Australian journalist reported that several business deals in Hong Kong and Shanghai were lost by Australians because of local reactions. Shanghai (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Shanghainese: ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta in East China, is the largest city of the Peoples Republic of China and the eighth largest in the world. ...

English immigrants in Australia found themselves shunned and persecuted by locals, and Australian visitors to England were treated similarly. Some years later a statue of Prince Albert in Sydney was vandalised, with an ear being knocked off and the word "BODYLINE" painted on it. Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ...

Both before and after World War II, numerous satirical cartoons and comedy skits were written, mostly in Australia, based on events of the Bodyline tour. Generally, they poked fun at the English. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (540x754, 109 KB)This is the DVD cover for the television mini-series Bodyline, which was based on actual events which were called Bodyline. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (540x754, 109 KB)This is the DVD cover for the television mini-series Bodyline, which was based on actual events which were called Bodyline. ... now. ...

In 1984, Australia's Network Ten produced a television miniseries titled Bodyline: It's Just Not Cricket, dramatising the events of the 1932–33 English tour of Australia. It starred Gary Sweet as Don Bradman, Hugo Weaving as Douglas Jardine, Jim Holt as Harold Larwood, Rhys McConnochie as Pelham Warner and Frank Thring as Jardine's mentor Lord Harris. The series took some liberties with historical accuracy for the sake of drama, including a depiction of angry Australian fans burning an English flag at the Adelaide Test, an event which was never documented. Larwood, having emigrated to Australia in 1950 to escape ongoing vilification in England, received several threatening and obscene phone calls after the series aired. This is a list of television-related events in 1984. ... now. ... Sweet playing in movie Alexandras Project Gary Sweet (born May 22, 1957 in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian film and television actor. ... Hugo Weaving Hugo Wallace Weaving (born April 4, 1960) is a Nigerian-born Australian film and stage actor. ... Frank Thring (May 11, 1926 - December 29, 1994) was an Australian actor. ... External link Cricinfo page on Lord Harris Categories: Cricket stubs | 1851 births | 1932 deaths | Cricketers | English cricketers | Oxford University cricketers | Kent cricketers | English batsmen | English test cricketers | English cricket captains ...

To this day, the Bodyline tour remains one of the most significant events in the history of cricket, and strong in the consciousness of many cricket followers. In a poll of cricket journalists, commentators, and players in 2004, the Bodyline tour was ranked the most important event in cricket history. The game of cricket has a known history spanning from the 16th century to the present day, with international matches played since 1844, although the official history of international Test cricket began in 1877. ... // On January 28, International Olympic Committee Vice-President Kim Un-yong is arrested on charges of corruption in Seoul. ...

As of 2006 the Bodyline Controversy is an assessable topic in the New South Wales HSC. 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... NSW Board of Studies The Higher School Certificate, or HSC, is the credential awarded to secondary school students who successfully complete senior high school level studies (years 11 and 12 or equivalent) in New South Wales, Australia. ...

Contents

Genesis

English tour 1932–33

In England

Origin of the term

Changes to the Laws of Cricket

Cultural impact

See also

Notes

References

External links