NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Boeing 717

The Boeing 717 is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner, developed for the 100-seat market. The airliner was designed by McDonnell Douglas as the MD-95, a third-generation derivative of the DC-9, which was first introduced in 1965. After McDonnell Douglas and Boeing merged in 1997, the airliner was redesignated Boeing 717^[1] and produced by Boeing's Commercial Airplane division. Image:JetstarBoeing717. ... For the aircraft, see Lockheed JetStar. ... Sydney Airport Control Tower International Terminal forecourt Sydney International Terminal International Terminal, Qantas check-in lounge International Terminal car park Memorial to Charles Kingsford Smith, International Terminal Qantas AVRO 504K replica, first plane flown by Qantas, Domestic Terminal Sydney Domestic Terminal entrance Terminal Control Unit including the old Control Tower... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... Boeing Commercial Airplanes, based in Renton, Washington, is a unit of The Boeing Company, consisting of the Seattle-based former Boeing Airplane Company (the civil airliner division), as well as the Long Beach-based Douglas Aircraft division of the former McDonnell Douglas Corporation. ... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ... Midwest Airlines Boeing 717 taxiing for departure at John Wayne Airport (Santa Ana, California, USA) in February 2004 For the Egyptian airline see: Midwest Airlines (Egypt) Midwest Airlines is an American scheduled passenger airline based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, operating from General Mitchell International Airport. ... QantasLink is a regional subsidiary of Australian airline Qantas and is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance. ... Hawaiian Airlines is the 11th largest commercial airline in the United States. ... McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and MD-90 are twin-engine, medium-range, single-aisle commercial jet airplanes. ... An Airbus A340 airliner operated by Air Jamaica An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers. ... The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (initially known as the Douglas DC-9) is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner. ... Boeing Commercial Airplanes, based in Renton, Washington, is a unit of The Boeing Company, consisting of the Seattle-based former Boeing Airplane Company (the civil airliner division), as well as the Long Beach-based Douglas Aircraft division of the former McDonnell Douglas Corporation. ...

The model took its first order in October 1995 and entered service in September 1999. Production ceased in May 2006 after 156 airplanes were produced, ending a long history of commercial aircraft assembly at the former Douglas plant in Long Beach, California.^[2] This is a list of aviation-related events from 1995: Events A Concorde sets a new speed record for a round-the-world flight. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1999: // February 16 - Gulfstream II carrying film director Barry Sonnenfeld (Men in Black, Men in Black II, and Wild, Wild West, slid off runway at Van Nuys, California; Sonnenfeld was uninjured. ... Nickname: Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Los Angeles County Government - Mayor Bob Foster Area - City 65. ...

Development

Background

The McDonnell Douglas MD-80 series was introduced into airline service in 1980. The design was second generation of the DC-9 with two rear fuselage-mounted turbofan engines, small, highly efficient wings, and a T-tail. It was a lengthened DC-9-50 with a higher maximum take-off weight (MTOW) and higher fuel capacity. Nearly 1,200 MD-80s were delivered from 1980 to 1999. McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and MD-90 are twin-engine, medium-range, single-aisle commercial jet airplanes. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1980: Events January January 8 - a Mooney 231 lands in San Francisco, after flying coast to coast non-stop, setting a record by completing the flight in 8 hours and 4 minutes. ... Schematic diagram of high-bypass turbofan engine CFM56-3 turbofan, lower half, side view. ... In aircraft a T-tail is an arrangement of the tail control surfaces with the horizontal surfaces (tailplane and elevators) mounted to the top of the fin, rather than the more common location on the fuselage at the base of the fin. ... The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (initially known as the Douglas DC-9) is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ...

The MD-90 was developed from the MD-80 series. It was launched in 1989 and first flew in 1993. The MD-90 was longer, and featured a glass cockpit and more powerful, quieter and fuel efficient engines. However, the MD-90 was not considered a success with only 117 aircraft sold. McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and MD-90 are twin-engine, medium-range, single-aisle commercial jet airplanes. ...

MD-95

The MD-95 was initially announced in 1991, as the MD-87-105, a shortened 105 seat version of the MD-80 series.^[3] This model used the same thick skins, wings and assembly tooling as the MD-80s.^{[citation needed]} It was developed to satisfy the market need to replace early DC-9 models, then approaching 30 years old. The MD-95 project was a complete overhaul of the system, going back to the original DC-9-30 design and reinventing it for modern transport with new engines, cockpit and other more modern systems.^[3] Unlike the MD-87, which was a shrink of the MD-80 series, weight was not a factor to slow sales.^{[citation needed]} Historically, aircraft shrinks have sold poorly, examples of such aircraft in addition to the MD-87 include the Boeing 747SP, Boeing 737-600, Airbus A318, and Airbus A340-200. The MD-95 is not a shrink of the MD-80/MD-90 series, but a modernized version of the DC-9-30. This is a list of aviation-related events from 1991: Events January January 16 - American and Continental. ... The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (initially known as the Douglas DC-9) is a twin-engine, single-aisle jet airliner. ... The Boeing 747SP is a highly modified version of Boeings Boeing 747-100 offering special performance. Known during development as the short body 747SB, the shortened fuselage permitted longer range flights to be made. ... The Boeing 737 is an American short to medium range, single aisle, narrow body jet airliner. ... The Airbus A320 is a short to medium range commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Airbus. ... For the road in England, see A340 road. ...

The "MD-95" name was selected to reflect the anticipated launch year, but McDonnell Douglas could not find a willing launch customer. Long time McDonnell Douglas customer Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) chose the Boeing 737-600 for its 100 seater over the MD-95 in March 1995.^[3] Then in October 1995, US discount carrier ValuJet signed an order for 50 MD-95s, plus 50 options.^[3] Generally, new aircraft have one or more large, well-established airlines as launch customers. Launching MD-95 production on the basis of a single order from a two-year-old start-up company was highly optimistic, and was seen as a reflection of the difficulty McDonnell Douglas was having selling their aircraft. Scandinavian Airlines System or SAS is a multi-national airline for Denmark, Norway and Sweden, and the leading carrier in the Scandinavian countries, based in Stockholm, Sweden and owned by SAS AB. It is a founding member of the Star Alliance. ... This is a list of aviation-related events from 1995: Events A Concorde sets a new speed record for a round-the-world flight. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ...

Renamed Boeing 717

After McDonnell Douglas merged with Boeing in August 1997, most industry observers expected that the MD-95 would soon be dropped. However, the plane would go forward under a new name, 717. Some believed Boeing had apparently skipped the 717 model designation when the 720 and then the 727 followed the 707. However, the 717 name had been used within the company to refer to the KC-135 Stratotanker. 717 had also been used to promote an early design of the 720 to airlines before it was modified to meet market demands. A Boeing historian notes that the air force plane had the designation "717-100" and the commercial airliner had the designation "717-200".^[4] The lack of a widespread use of the 717 name left it available to rebrand the MD-95. The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine commercial jet airliner. ... The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... The Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker is an aerial refueling tanker aircraft. ...

At first Boeing had no more success selling the 717 than McDonnell Douglas. Even the original order for 50 was no certainty in the chaotic post-deregulation US airline market. In the end, ValuJet, now part of AirTran Airways, would meet with considerable success and operate a fleet of 717-200 aircraft. AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ...

Boeing's decision to go ahead with the 717 slowly began to pay off. Early 717 operators were delighted with the reliability and passenger appeal of the type and ordered more. The small Australian regional airline Impulse took a long-term lease on five 717s in early 2000 to begin an expansion into mainline routes. The ambitious move could not be sustained in competition with the majors, and Impulse sold out to Qantas in May 2001. This left Qantas with a more-or-less unwanted handful of "warmed-over DC-9s" to spoil the efficiency of its fleet of large Boeing and small BAe 146 jets. Regional Airlines redirects here. ... Impulse Airlines was an airline that serviced the eastern seaboard of Australia. ... Qantas (Qantas Airways Limited) (IPA: ) is the name and callsign of the national airline of Australia. ... The BAe 146 (also known as the Avro RJ) is a medium-sized commercial aircraft manufactured by BAE SYSTEMS. It carries its four jet engines on a high wing above the fuselage; not below, or at mid-fuselage, as on most conventional civilian aircraft. ...

Within a few months, however, the abilities of the 717 became clear. It is roomier and faster than the BAe 146, cheaper to operate, and achieved a higher dispatch reliability than competing aircraft at over 99%.^[5] Maintenance costs are very low: a check C inspection, for example, takes just three days and is required only once in 6000 flying hours. (For comparison, the old DC-9, needed 21 days for a check C.) The new Rolls-Royce BR715 engine design is highly modular: none of the line replaceable units takes more than an hour to exchange, and about a third of them can be changed in under 15 minutes. The BAe 146 (also known as the Avro RJ) is a medium-sized commercial aircraft manufactured by BAE SYSTEMS. It carries its four jet engines on a high wing above the fuselage; not below, or at mid-fuselage, as on most conventional civilian aircraft. ... This article is about the aircraft engine company. ...

However, American Airlines chose a different route than Qantas in choosing fleet simplification. After acquiring TWA, American Airlines canceled TWA's 717 order and grounded all TWA 717s as of June 15, 2002, later selling all of them.

The result has been that many 717 operators, even accidental ones like Qantas, have become converts to the plane. Qantas bought more 717s to bring their fleet up to 14. Other significant orders have come from Hawaiian Airlines and Midwest Airlines and Pembroke Leasing. Bangkok Airways operates 717s - the Thai regional carrier's first foray into jet aircraft. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x425, 83 KB) Boeing 717 Midwest 2003 PD von http://cape-mac. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x425, 83 KB) Boeing 717 Midwest 2003 PD von http://cape-mac. ... Midwest Airlines Boeing 717 taxiing for departure at John Wayne Airport (Santa Ana, California, USA) in February 2004 For the Egyptian airline see: Midwest Airlines (Egypt) Midwest Airlines is an American scheduled passenger airline based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, operating from General Mitchell International Airport. ... Hawaiian Airlines is the 11th largest commercial airline in the United States. ... Midwest Airlines Boeing 717 taxiing for departure at John Wayne Airport (Santa Ana, California, USA) in February 2004 For the Egyptian airline see: Midwest Airlines (Egypt) Midwest Airlines is an American scheduled passenger airline based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, operating from General Mitchell International Airport. ... Bangkok Airways Airbus A320 aircraft. ...

Boeing actively marketed the 717 to a number of large airlines, including Lufthansa and Northwest (who already operated a large fleet of DC-9 aircraft). Boeing also studied a stretched, higher capacity version of the 717, to have been called 717-300, but decided against proceeding with the new model, fearing that it would encroach on the company's 737-700 model. Production of the original 717 continued. Boeing continued to believe that the 100-passenger market would be lucrative enough to support both the 717 and the 737-600, the smallest of the Next-Generation 737 series. While the aircraft were similar in size, the 737-600 (and Airbus A318) were suited to long-distance routes, while the lighter 717 was more efficient on shorter, regional routes. The Luftansa headquarters in Cologne, Germany. ... Northwest Airlines (NYSE: NWA), occasionally known as NWA, is an American airline headquartered in Eagan, Minnesota, near Minneapolis-St. ...

The 100-seat market was overcrowded until 2001, but several potential competitors have disappeared. BAe cancelled their Avro RJX (an updated BAe 146 with modern engines); Fairchild Dornier closed their doors, taking the 728/928 project with them, and Bombardier cancelled their new BRJ in favor of a less ambitious stretched 90-seat CRJ. The remaining players are Boeing, Airbus with the A318, and Embraer with the EMB 195. The existing worldwide fleet is largely made up of aging twinjets with relatively high operating costs, notably the DC-9, early model 737s, and the Fokker F100, plus the newer four-engined BAe 146, which is a prime prospect for refurbishment. Dornier logo. ... For other uses, see Bombardier (disambiguation). ... The Airbus A320 is a short to medium range commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Airbus. ... Embraer, the Empresa Brasileira de AeronÃ¡utica S.A. is a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer. ... The Embraer E-Jets are a series of narrowbody, twin-engined, medium range, jet airliners, produced in Brazil. ... The Fokker F100 is a small twin-turbofan regional airliner from the Fokker company. ...

In 2001, Boeing began implementing a moving assembly line for production of the 717 and 737.^[6] The moving line greatly reduced production time which will lead to lower production costs.^[7]

Following the slump in airline traffic caused by reaction to the September 11, 2001 attacks in the USA, Boeing announced a review of the type's future. After much deliberation, it was decided to continue with production. Despite the lack of orders, Boeing had confidence in the 717's fundamental suitability to the 100-seat market, and in the long-term size of that market. After 19 worldwide 717 sales in 2000, and just 6 in 2001, Boeing took 32 orders for the 717 in 2002, despite the massive industry downturn. Additionally, the former Douglas plant at Long Beach was producing only 717s and C-17s at this time. A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11â€”pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... The Boeing (formerly McDonnell Douglas) C-17 Globemaster III is an American strategic airlifter manufactured by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems, and operated by the United States Air Force, the British Royal Air Force, the Royal Australian Air Force, and the Canadian Forces. ...

End of production

Increased competition from regional jets manufactured by Bombardier and Embraer took a heavy toll on sales during the airline slump after 2001. The beginning of the end came in December 2003 when Boeing lost a US $ 2.7 billion contract from Air Canada, who chose the Embraer ERJ and Canadair CRJ over the 717.^{[citation needed]} Loading Hawaiian Airlines Boeing 717-200 on July 2, 2004 at Kona International Airport; photograph contributed by Eric Guinther. ... Loading Hawaiian Airlines Boeing 717-200 on July 2, 2004 at Kona International Airport; photograph contributed by Eric Guinther. ... Hawaiian Airlines is the 11th largest commercial airline in the United States. ... Kona International Airport at Keahole (IATA: KOA, ICAO: PHKO) is an airport on the Island of Hawaiâ€˜i, Hawaiâ€˜i. ... For other uses, see Bombardier (disambiguation). ... Embraer, the Empresa Brasileira de AeronÃ¡utica S.A. is a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer. ... USD redirects here. ... Air Canada is Canadas largest airline and flag carrier. ... The Embraer E-Jets are a series of narrowbody, twin-engined, medium range, jet airliners, produced in Brazil. ... The Bombardier Canadair Regional Jet (CRJ) is a regional airliner manufactured by Bombardier based on the Canadair Challenger business jet. ...

In January 2005, Boeing announced that it planned to end production of the 717 after it had met all its outstanding orders. Boeing officials cited slow sales for the aircraft's demise.^[8]

A major difficulty with the 717 model was its lack of commonality with other Boeing aircraft. The trend with aircraft manufacturers, particularly Airbus, was to make a "family" of aircraft with similar cockpits and systems, which would require only one "type-rating" for a crew. That way, whatever size of aircraft that was required on a particular route -- even changing down to the day if necessary -- could be used with any of the crew type-rated for the family.

Airbus used a commonality approach starting with their A320 narrowbody family (including A318, A319, and A321), and Boeing embraced this concept with their Next-Generation 737-600, -700, -800, and -900 models. Embraer, in their new E-Jet family, also took this approach, offering four regional aircraft in a common family, the largest of which had operational capabilities very close to the 717. The Airbus A320 family of short-to-medium range commercial passenger aircraft are manufactured by Airbus S.A.S.. Family members include the A318, A319, A320, and A321, as well as the ACJ business jet. ...

The 717 had no commonality with other aircraft, even prior MD-80 and DC-9 aircraft upon which it was based. Although the 717 had operating costs 10% lower than the A318, airlines considering the 717 could not take advantage of the cost savings gained through commonality.

Assembly of the 156th, and final 717 rolled off the assembly line in April 2006 for AirTran Airways. The final two Boeing 717 airplanes were delivered to customers AirTran and Midwest Airlines on May 23, 2006.^[2] AirTran was the 717's final customer as well as its launch customer. AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ... is the 143rd day of the year (144th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 717 was the last commercial airplane produced at Boeing's Long Beach facility in the Southern California. Airplane and Aeroplane redirect here. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 kmÂ²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 770 miles (1,240 km) - % water 4. ...

Design

In conjunction with Parker Hannifin, MPC Products of Skokie, Illinois designed a fly-by-wire technology mechanical control suite for the 717 flight deck. The modules replaced much cumbersome rigging that had occurred in previous DC-9/MD-80 aircraft. The Rolls-Royce BR715 engines are completely controlled by an electronic engine system (FADEC - Full Authority Digital Engine Control) developed by BAE SYSTEMS offering improved controllability and optimization over its predecessors. The 717 features a two-crew cockpit that incorporates six interchangeable liquid-crystal-display units and advanced Honeywell VIA 2000 computers. The cockpit design is called Advanced Common Flightdeck (ACF) and is shared with the MD-11. Flight deck features include an Electronic Instrument System, a dual Flight Management System, a Central Fault Display System, and Global Positioning System. Category IIIb automatic landing capability for bad-weather operations and Future Air Navigation Systems are available. Like its DC-9/MD-80/MD-90 predecessors, the 717 has a 2 + 3 seating arrangement in coach providing only one middle seat per row, whereas other single-aisle twin jets often have 3 + 3 arrangement with two middle seats per row however. Unusual from its larger predecessors, McDonnell Douglas decided not to offer the 717 with the boarding flexibilty of aft airstairs, with the goal of maximizing fuel efficiency through the reduction and simplification of as much auxiliary equipment as possible. The BR700 family of engines was developed by BMW and Rolls-Royce plc through the joint venture company BMW Rolls-Royce to power regional and corporate jets. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Varig MD-11 The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is a Widebody Trijet powered by three engines. ... Boarding an easyJet Airbus A319 at Bristol International Airport, Bristol, England for a flight to Rome, Italy. ... Boeing 727 with rear airstair deployed An airstair is a passenger staircase that is built in to an airliner - often, though not always, on the inside of the bottom half of a clamshell-style door. ...

Operators

As of August 2006, a total of 155 Boeing 717-200 airplanes are in airline service with:^[9]

Former operators: Bangkok Airways Airbus A320 aircraft. ... QantasLink is a regional subsidiary of Australian airline Qantas and is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance. ... National Jet is a charter airline based in Adelaide, Australia and is part of the Cobham Plc group in England. ... Aerolineas de Baleares is an airline based in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ... Spanair S.A. (IATA: JK, ICAO: JKK, and Callsign: Spanair), is an airline based in Palma, Mallorca, Spain. ... Turkmenistan Airlines is the national airline of Turkmenistan. ... AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ... Hawaiian Airlines is the 11th largest commercial airline in the United States. ... Midwest Airlines Boeing 717 taxiing for departure at John Wayne Airport (Santa Ana, California, USA) in February 2004 For the Egyptian airline see: Midwest Airlines (Egypt) Midwest Airlines is an American scheduled passenger airline based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, operating from General Mitchell International Airport. ...

The Twa, also known as Batwa, are a pygmy people who were the oldest recorded inhabitants of the Great Lakes region of central Africa. ... American Airlines, Inc. ... AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ... Impulse Airlines was an airline that serviced the eastern seaboard of Australia. ... Qantas (Qantas Airways Limited) (IPA: ) is the name and callsign of the national airline of Australia. ... For the aircraft, see Lockheed JetStar. ... QantasLink is a regional subsidiary of Australian airline Qantas and is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance. ... For the aircraft, see Lockheed JetStar. ... The Airbus A320 is a short to medium range commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Airbus. ...

Specifications

Sources: ^[10] ^[11] An F/A-18 Hornet breaking the sound barrier. ... The BR700 family of engines was developed by BMW and Rolls-Royce plc through the joint venture company BMW Rolls-Royce to power regional and corporate jets. ... The pound-force is a non-SI unit of force or weight (properly abbreviated lbf or lbf). The pound-force is equal to a mass of one pound multiplied by the standard acceleration due to gravity on Earth (which is defined as exactly 9. ... For other uses, see Newton (disambiguation). ...

Sales

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (827x287, 54 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...

Orders

Deliveries

Incidents

As of 2006, there were a total of 0 hull-loss accidents involving 717s, with 0 fatalities. There was 1 incident with 0 fatalities.

AirTran Airways is a low-cost airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and is a subsidiary of AirTran Holdings. ... LaGuardia Airport (IATA: LGA, ICAO: KLGA, FAA LID: LGA) is an airport serving New York City, New York, United States, located on the waterfront of Flushing Bay, and borders the neighborhoods of Astoria, Jackson Heights and East Elmhurst in the borough of Queens. ...

References

is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ...

External links

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