NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bohermeen

Bohermeen is a Roman Catholic parish in the Irish Diocese of Meath. Its English name is a corruption of an ancient Irish language name, Án Bothar Mín, which meant the smooth road. Originally one of the five famed ancient roadways that led from the mediæval capital of Ireland, Tara, approximately 10 miles away cut through the area. The quality of the roadway, in an era of dirt-roads, earned for it the nickname of the smooth road, Án Bothar Mín. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 392 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 392 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... The (Roman Catholic) Diocese of Meath since 1778 until the late 19th century had its seat in Navan, County Meath, Ireland. ... Irish (Gaeilge), a Goidelic language spoken in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Canada, and the United States, is constitutionally recognised as the first official language of the Republic of Ireland. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... The Hill of Tara, located near the River Boyne, is today a mound in County Meath, Leinster, Ireland, on which the grass has veiled the rich heritage of the country. ...

History

For nearly fourteen hundred years the local area went by the name of Árd Braccan or Ardbraccan, meaning the height of Braccan, the hill on which St. Braccan located his mediæval monastery and which in the 9th century became a diocese with its own bishop. Even when the diocese of Ardbraccan joined with other small dioceses such as Fore and Kells to form the Diocese of Meath, Braccan's hill became the location of the palace of the Bishop of Meath. map File links The following pages link to this file: County Meath Categories: GFDL images ... map File links The following pages link to this file: County Meath Categories: GFDL images ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (764x994, 467 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (764x994, 467 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder. ... 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Ardbraccan is an ancient place of christian worship, and the location of the former residence of the Roman Catholic, then after the Reformation the Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath. ... An old mill at Kells Folio 34r of the Book of Kells contains the Chi Rho monogram. ...

Following the establishment of the (Anglican) Church of Ireland Ardbraccan became the seat of the Protestant Lord Bishop of Meath. Anglican bishops continued to live in the area until 1958. When in the nineteenth century the Roman Catholic Church re-established a local parish in the area, it was decided to use a different name to the local Church of Ireland parish of Ardbraccan. 'Bohermeen' became the chosen name. A curate in the parish of Navan, the large town nearby, Dean Cogan, who himself had once served as a curate in Bohermeen, and who wrote the acclaimed History of the Diocese of Meath (2 Vols) in the 1860s bemoaned the choice of the secular Bohermeen (or Bohermien as he wrote it) as the parish name ahead of the more religious Ardbraccan name. The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... From the Latin curatus (compare Curator), a curate is a person who is invested with the care, or cure (cura), of souls of a parish. ... Navan (An Uaimh in Irish, meaning The Cave) is the administrative Capital of County Meath, Ireland. ... Dean Cogan was a nineteenth century Roman Catholic Irish priest, (awarded the religious title of dean), who wrote a history of the Diocese of Meath in Ireland. ... // Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States is built in the six year period between 1863 and 1869. ... Ardbraccan is an ancient place of christian worship, and the location of the former residence of the Roman Catholic, then after the Reformation the Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath. ...

Population and landholdings

The area known as Bohermeen has had a predominantly Roman Catholic according to every census done. It did however have a sizeable Church of Ireland population (see below), though that dwindled significantly in the 19th and 20th centuries. The population was hit to a minor extent by the Second Great Famine in the mid-19th century. Local folklorists record the disappearance of entire pre-famine settlements in, for example, the townland of Greetiagh within the parish. Though the records of the period are scant, folklore recorded anonymous deaths of parishioners in some of the ancient mediæval graveyards, notably at Markiestown, where the last burials in the ancient (now destroyed) cemetery were believed to have occurred in the famine era. Image File history File linksMetadata Meaththatch. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Meaththatch. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... Bridget ODonnell and her two children during the famine The Great Famine or the Great Hunger (Irish: An Gorta MÃ³r or An Drochshaol), known more commonly outside of Ireland as the Irish Potato Famine, is the name given to a famine in Ireland between 1845 and 1849. ... A townland is a small geographical unit of land used in Ireland and Scotland, and believed to be of Gaelic or Goidelic origin. ...

The landholdings of the era were recorded as part of Griffith's Valuation, a major land survey carried out in Ireland between 1848 and 1864. 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

The major land reform of the late 19th century changed the landownership pattern. The breakup of the large estates of the gentry saw most parishioners move from being tenant farmers to small landowners in their own right. Ardbraccan Church, Co. ... Ardbraccan Church, Co. ... Gentry is a term meaning one thing in the UK mainly those as described below as landed gentry. ...

As late as the 1930s a project carried out by the Irish Folklore Commission, in which school children were asked to write down their description of their areas, recorded that most houses in the area were thatched cottages. However almost all the traditional thatched houses were knocked down in succeeding decades. The last thatched house in the parish was demolished in the 1990s. This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... The Irish Folklore Commission (CoimisiÃºn BÃ©aloideasa Ã‰ireann in Irish) was set up in 1935 by the Irish Government to study and collect information on the folklore and traditions of Ireland. ... Thatching is the art or craft of covering a roof with vegetative materials such as straw, reed or sedge. ... The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive. ...

Environment

The parish of Bohermeen contains within its boundaries Faughan Hill, a relatively high hill on the flat plains of Meath, where it was claimed the ancient Irish king Niall of the Nine Hostages was buried. It also contains one of Ireland's most highly regarded Palladian country houses, Ardbraccan House, until 1885 the residence of the Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath. Faughan Hill is a low hill located approximately 5 miles to the north-west of Navan in County Meath in Ireland. ... Niall of the Nine Hostages (Irish: Niall NoigÃallach) was a High King of Ireland who was active in the early-to-mid 5th century, dying - according to the latest estimates - around 450-455. ... Illustration from a 1736 English edition of I Quattro Libri dellArchitettura. ... Ardbraccan House (known sometimes historically as Ardbraccan Palace) is a large Palladian county house in County Meath in the Republic of Ireland. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

It also contains an ancient tower house known as Durhamstown Castle, which was once owned by the Earl of Essex, Queen Elizabeth I's Lord Deputy in Ireland, and which is still lived in. This work is copyrighted. ... This work is copyrighted. ... The Hill of Tara (aerial view) The Hill of Tara (Irish Teamhair na RÃ, Hill of the Kings), located near the River Boyne, is a long, low limestone ridge that runs between Navan and Dunshaughlin in County Meath, Leinster, Ireland. ... A tower house stands on a hillock near Quin along the back road from Limerick to Ennis. ... Earl of Essex is a title that has been held by several families and individuals, of which the best-known and most closely associated with the title was Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1566 - 1601). ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533â€“24 March 1603) was Queen of England, Queen of France (in name only), and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (plural: Lords Lieutenant), also known as the Judiciar in the early mediaeval period and as the Lord Deputy as late as the 17th century, was the Kings representative and head of the Irish executive during the...

St Ultan's Church

The main parish church, St. Ultan's, was first built in the pre-Catholic Emancipation era, in 1817. It was built in cruciform form. The cultural and class divisions of 19th century Ireland were reflected in the usage of the building. In the aftermath of the Roman Catholic revival of the 1850s, Catholic social and gender mores were reflected in the usage of the building, with different sides of the aisle described by the community as men's and women's. Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the Penal Laws. ... 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Cruciform means having the shape of a cross. ... // Events and Trends Technology Production of steel revolutionised by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman fractionates petroleum by distillation for the first time First transatlantic telegraph cable laid First safety elevator installed by Elisha Otis Science Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species, putting forward the theory of evolution...

The building underwent periodic renovations. A new roof was added in 1897 while the wooden altar was replaced by a new set of marble altar, altar rails and reredose (all shown in the photograph above). A set of new stained glass windows were installed, notably a Harry Clarke window of the crucifixon over the reredose and main altar. ImageMetadata File history File links Harry Clarke window in Bohermeen RC Church, Ireland. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Harry Clarke window in Bohermeen RC Church, Ireland. ... A Harry Clarke window Over Â£1 million was spent in 1922 commissioning a set of Harry Clarke window in the Presentation Sisters convent on Green Street, Dingle. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Look up Altar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Altar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A set of altar rails in a Dublin Church. ... Strictly speaking, stained glass is glass that has been painted with silver stain and then fired. ... A Harry Clarke window Over Â£1 million was spent in 1922 commissioning a set of Harry Clarke window in the Presentation Sisters convent on Green Street, Dingle. ...

The church was clumsely re-ordered in the aftermath of Vatican II. In the mid-1980s a complete rebuild of the church was undertaken. It was squared instead of remaining cruciform, with its high stained glass windows (with the exception of the Harry Clarke window) relocated. The reredose and altar rails were removed, while the tabernacle was re-located. The re-ordering remains somewhat controversial. The Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II, was an Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church opened under Pope John XXIII in 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI in 1965. ... The Tabernacle is known in Hebrew as the Mishkan ( ×ž×©×›×Ÿ Place of [Divine] dwelling). It was to be a portable central place of worship for the Hebrews from the time they left ancient Egypt following the Exodus, through the time of the Book of Judges when they were engaged in conquering...

Organisation of the parish

Bohermeen parish itself consists of three sub-parishes; Bohermeen itself, Boyerstown and Cortown, each with their own church, St. Ultan's (formerly called St. Cuthbert's), St. Cuthbert's and Christ the King respectively. It covers an area once served by a large number of mediæval parishes, including Moyaher, Killenagolach (later called Grange) and Markiestown (also called Durhamstown - which over the centuries was spelt variously as 'Dormstown', 'Durmstown' and 'Dorreanstown'). None of these have surviving churches, as all were destroyed during the Reformation and the Penal period. Some old graveyards do survive, notably at Moyaher, which contains rare surviving examples of pre-Irish Great Famine gravestones and their unique carvings. The remains of cemetery at Markiestown, (a large mound in the centre of a very large field) having survived the reformation and the famine, was controversially bulldozed in the 1970s to create land for tillage. St. ... Cuthbert of Lindisfarne (c. ... This article is about the figure known by both Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ. For other usages, see Jesus (disambiguation). ... Grange stone circle, Ireland A grange was originally an area of land in Ireland some miles away from an urban-based monastery where in mediÃ¦val times food was grown for the monastery. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... The Penal laws in Ireland refers to a series of laws imposed under British rule that sought to discriminate against the majority native Catholic population but also against Protestant dissenters in favour of the established Church of Ireland. ... Starvation during the famine The Irish Potato Famine, also called The Great Famine or The Great Hunger (Irish: An Gorta Mór), is the name given to a famine which struck Ireland between 1846 and 1849. ...

Image File history File linksMetadata Ardbraccanhouse. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Ardbraccanhouse. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladios I Quattro Libri dellArchitettura, in a modestly priced English translation published in London, 1736. ... Tudor architecture is the architecture of the Tudor period, ie. ...

Decline in the Church of Ireland community

Disestablishment & land reform

The Ardbraccan/Bohermeen area contained a thriving Protestant community until the early twentieth century. However a series of unrelated economic, social and religious changes led to the large-scale disappearance of the Church of Ireland community. Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ...

These changes included the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland in 1871 which undermined the financial viability of the Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath's landed estate and led to the laying off of his mainly Protestant staff and the land reforms of the 1880s to the early 1900s, which saw the breakup of the large Protestant estates such as the Waller estate at Allenstown House, and their sale to their Catholic tenantry, again costing many local Protestants their jobs running the estates. 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... // Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... // Events and Trends Technology First flight by the Wright brothers, December 17, 1903. ... Allenstown House was a large 5-bay, 4 storey Georgian mansion in County Meath, Ireland. ...

The Great War & Ne Temere

The impact of the First World War, when many Irish Protestant families lost some or all of their sons at Ypres and the Somme left large numbers of families without heirs and Protestant daughters without Protestant potential husbands, had a devastating impact, an impact augmented separately by Pope Pius X's Ne Temere decree, which demanded that all children of Catholic-Protestant marriages be brought up as Catholic (previously, the tradition had been that the boys would be brought up in the religion of their father, the girls in the religion of their mothers). This resulted in a situation where a marriage of a Protestant to a Catholic meant the end of the Protestant line in the family. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (454x811, 277 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (454x811, 277 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... Jesus (8-2 BC/BCE â€” 29-36 AD/CE),[1] also known as Jesus of Nazareth, is the central figure of Christianity. ... The Belfry of Ypres Ypres (French, generally used in English;1 Ieper official name in the local Dutch) is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. ... Somme is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Somme River, located in the north of France. ... Pope Saint Pius X (Latin: ), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto (June 2, 1835 â€“ August 20, 1914), was Pope from 1903 to 1914, succeeding Pope Leo XIII (1878â€“1903). ... Ne Temere (literally meaning not rashly in Latin) is a decree (named for its opening words) of the Roman Catholic Congregation of the Council declaring invalid any marriage of a Roman Catholic or any person who has ever been a Roman Catholic, unless contracted before a qualified Roman Catholic priest...

In addition, The Troubles during the Irish War of Independence lead many Protestants, who had identified with the ancien regime of British rule in Dublin Castle to move to the United Kingdom. A combination of changing economic structures, changing class structures, changing religious structures, changing political structures, changing marriage patterns and the First World War produced a terminal decline in the numbers of Protestants in the area. Whereas once the Protestant community counted among its number one bishop, two churches, all the landed gentry, many of their staff and a local rector, as well as a local Protestant primary school, all have gone, with the ancient St. Ultan's Church of Ireland in Ardbraccan ceasing to be used for Divine Service in 1981. One of the last members of the Church of Ireland in the locality, the former owner of Durhamstown Castle, Samuel McClelland, died in 2003. The Troubles is a generic and euphemistic term used to describe a period of sporadic communal violence involving paramilitary organisations, the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), the British Army and others in Northern Ireland from the late 1960s until the mid-1990s with the Good Friday Agreement on April 10, 1998. ... An Irish War of Independence memorial in Dublin The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First DÃ¡il, the extra-legal Irish parliament... Dublin Castle. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1885 Map showing the location of Durhamstown Castle Durhamstown Castle is a 500 year old towerhouse in County Meath in Ireland. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Today

As a result, a community of mixed religious heritage and identification had become almost wholly Roman Catholic. However the Roman Catholic community today has shown a notable concern to preserve the area's Protestant heritage. When in the mid 1980s the former owner of Ardbraccan House, Colonel Foster, decided to spend much of the money he had received from the sale of the house and lands on replacing the dangerously decayed roof on the thousand year old church spire at the deconsecrated Anglican Church, local Catholic timber merchants supplied timber for the work free of charge, along with staff to do the reroofing. When Colonel and Mrs Foster, who had moved into the old schoolhouse at the entrance to the Anglican Church grounds, decided to take on the task of restoring the derelict cemetery, in which both Anglican and Catholic people from the area were buried, the local Catholic parish joined the efforts, offering resources and manpower. The communities sought and received state assistance so that the historic burial ground could be fully restored and preserved. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (404x749, 242 KB) Stained glass window of the coronation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (404x749, 242 KB) Stained glass window of the coronation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The coronation of Empress Farah, of Iran in 1967. ... Blessed Virgin Mary A traditional Catholic picture sometimes displayed in homes. ... MacGyver - 1980s hero The 1980s decade refers to the years from 1980 to 1989, inclusive. ...

The Parish of Bohermeen today consists of three Catholic Churches and over one thousand Roman Catholics, with a handful of members of other religious faiths. Just as its nearest town, Navan, has become a dormitory town to Dublin 30 miles away, so it has become a collection of dormitory townlands to Navan, which itself is expected within a generation to reach city size. Whereas most of its employment was once farm-based, over 40% now would in urban centres, Trim, Kells, Navan and Dublin, commuting long distances. WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... The word trim can mean: Adjustment of sails on a ship or boat. ... An old mill at Kells Folio 34r of the Book of Kells contains the Chi Rho monogram. ... Navan (An Uaimh in Irish, meaning The Cave) is the administrative Capital of County Meath, Ireland. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ...

A controversial new N3 motorway linking the towns of Cavan and Kells with Dublin is scheduled to cut through farmland within sight of Ardbraccan House and the ancient monastery site in Ardbraccan, before slicing through the archaeologically sensitive site of Tara, the capital of Ireland under the Árd Rí (High King of Ireland) in mediæval times. Tower of Ardbraccan Church, Co. ... Tower of Ardbraccan Church, Co. ... The N3 road is a National Primary Route in the Republic of Ireland, running between Dublin, Cavan Town and the border with County Fermanagh. ... Cavan (An CabhÃ¡n in Irish, meaning the hollow) is the main town and administrative centre of County Cavan in the Republic of Ireland. ... Although the traditional list of those bearing the title High King of Ireland (Irish: Ard RÃ Ã‰irinn) goes back thousands of years, into the second millennium BC, most scholars believe that the earlier parts of the list, at least, are largely mythical. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...

Though the proposed route of the motorway at Tara has been the subject of an international outcry from academics, historians, environmentalists and others, the Irish government under Taoiseach Bertie Ahern has publicly supported the plans, and condemned those who criticise them. A legal challenge is being planned to try to force the National Roads Authority to select an alternative route. The Taoiseach[1] (plural: Taoisigh) or, more formally, An Taoiseach, is the head of government of the Republic of Ireland and the leader of the Irish cabinet. ... Patrick Bartholomew Ahern (Irish name: PÃ¡draig ParthalÃ¡n Ã“ hEachthairn) (born 12 September 1951), commonly called Bertie Ahern, is an Irish politician. ...

Contents

History

Population and landholdings

Environment

St Ultan's Church

Organisation of the parish

Decline in the Church of Ireland community

Disestablishment & land reform

The Great War & Ne Temere

Today

See also

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Population and landholdings

Environment

St Ultan's Church

Organisation of the parish

Decline in the Church of Ireland community

Disestablishment & land reform

The Great War & Ne Temere

Today

See also

History