NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bolivarianism

Bolivarianism is a set of political doctrines that enjoys currency in parts of South America, especially Venezuela. Bolivarianism is eponymous with Simón Bolívar, the 19th century Venezuelan general and liberator who led the struggle for independence throughout much of South America. One of the main ideals of "Bolivarianism" is promoting the unification of Latin America^{[citation needed]}. The most prominent exponent and architect of modern Bolivarianism is currently Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez. South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... An eponym is the name of a person, whether real or fictitious, who has (or is thought to have) given rise to the name of a particular place, tribe, discovery, or other item. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ...

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In recent years, its most significant political manifestation is in the government of Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez, who since the beginning of his presidency has called himself a Bolivarian patriot and applied his interpretation of several of Bolívar's ideals to everyday affairs, as part of the Bolivarian Revolution. That included the 1999 Constitution, which changed Venezuela's name to the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and other ideas such as the Bolivarian Schools, Bolivarian Circles, and the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela. Often, the term Bolivarianism is used specifically to refer to Chávez's rule. The central points of Bolivarianism, as extolled by Chávez^{[citation needed]}, are: The President of Venezuela (Spanish: Presidente de Venezuela) is the English political nomenclature that designates both the head of state and head of government of Venezuela. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... The Cabinet of Hugo ChÃ¡vez is the circle high level ministerial officials and appointees who coordinate the day to day management of the Venezuelan federal government in conjunction with the current President of Venezuela, Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... The National Assembly (Spanish Asamblea Nacional) is the current legislative branch of the Venezuelan government. ... Cilia Flores is (as of 2007) the president of the National Assembly of Venezuela. ... Political parties in Venezuela lists political parties in Venezuela. ... // ChÃ¡vez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida BolÃvar on May 16, 2004. ... The Bolivarian Missions are a series of social justice, social welfare, anti-poverty, educational, electoral and military recruiting programs implemented under the administration of the current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Criticism of Hugo ChÃ¡vez discusses allegations and criticism against the current President of Venezuela. ... Elections in Venezuela gives information on election and election results in Venezuela. ... Map of Venezuela Venezuela is divided into 23 states (estados), 1 Capital District (Distrito Capital) and the Federal Dependencies (Dependencias Federales de Ultramar) that consist on a large number of Venezuelan islands. ... Venezuelas states, capital district, and federal dependencies have been grouped into administrative regions since a 1969 decree on regionalization that institutionalized a process of region development. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Venezuelas declared priorities in the international arena are: Respect for human rights; The right of all people to self-determination; Nonintervention in the internal affairs of other nations; Peaceful settlement of disputes between nations, including border disputes; The right of all people to peace and security; and Support for... The foreign policy of Hugo ChÃ¡vez concerns the policy initiatives made towards other nations by the current President of Venezuela ChÃ¡vez. ... // Hugo ChÃ¡vez era Since Hugo ChÃ¡vez was elected President of Venezuela, the long-standing close diplomatic relationship between Venezuela and the United States have progressively worsened. ... Israel-Venezuela relations have historically been strong. ... Since the Elections of Hugo Chavez in 1999. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Venezuela_(state). ... Map of Venezuela Venezuela is divided into 23 states (estados), 1 Capital District (Distrito Capital) and the Federal Dependencies (Dependencias Federales de Ultramar) that consist on a large number of Venezuelan islands. ... This is a list of cities in Venezuela. ... A map showing the location of Lake Maracaibo. ... Nickname: La Sultana del Avila (English:The Avilas Sultan) La Sucursal del paraiso Motto: Ave MarÃa SantÃsima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural. ... Nickname: La Tierra del Sol Amada (English:The Beloved Land of the Sun) Motto: Muy noble y leal Coordinates: Country Venezuela State Zulia Counties Maracaibo - Mayor Gian Carlo Di Martino (2000 â€“ 2008) Area - City 550 kmÂ² (212. ... MaturÃn is the capital of the Venezuelan state of Monagas. ... City motto: (English:) City nickname: Capital industrial de Venezuela (English: Industrial capital of Venezuela) Location of Valencia Mayor Francisco Cabrera Santos (2004 â€“ 2008) Population â€“Total (2001) â€“Density Metropolitan area 1,400,000 xxx - kmÂ² Time zone UTC â€“4 Latitude Longitude 10Âº 10Â´11 N 68Âº.59Â´12 W Official website... Politics of Venezuela takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Venezuela is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... Elections in Venezuela gives information on election and election results in Venezuela. ... List of Presidents of Venezuela José Antonio Páez (1830-1835) José María Vargas (1835-1837) Carlos Soublette (1837-1839) José Antonio Páez (1839-1843) Carlos Soublette (1843-1847) José Tadeo Monagas (1847-1851) José Gregorio Monagas (1851-1855) José Tadeo Monagas (1855-1858) Julián Castro (1858... The National Assembly (Spanish Asamblea Nacional) is the current legislative branch of the Venezuelan government. ... Political parties in Venezuela lists political parties in Venezuela. ... In April 2006 the Venezuelan government passed The Law of Communal Councils (consejo comunales) which empowers local citizens to form neighbourhood based elected councils that initiate and oversee local policies and projects towards community development. ... Venezuelas declared priorities in the international arena are: Respect for human rights; The right of all people to self-determination; Nonintervention in the internal affairs of other nations; Peaceful settlement of disputes between nations, including border disputes; The right of all people to peace and security; and Support for... The foreign policy of Hugo ChÃ¡vez concerns the policy initiatives made towards other nations by the current President of Venezuela ChÃ¡vez. ... This is the history of Venezuela. ... The Venezuelan War of Independence in 1811-1812 was Venezuelas first war for independence from Spanish colonial rule. ... The Viceroyalty of New Granada was the name given to a group of colonial provinces in northern South America, corresponding mainly to modern Colombia. ... BolÃvars War refers to a series of independence wars in South America from 1811 to 1825 led by the famous South American nationalist and general SimÃ³n BolÃvar. ... The Battle of Carabobo was fought between South American independence fighters, led by SimÃ³n BolÃvar, and royalist forces seeking to preserve Spanishs American empire. ... Antonio JosÃ© de Sucre (February 3, 1795 â€“ June 4, 1830) was a South American independence leader. ... Combatants Greater Colombia Spanish Empire Commanders JosÃ© Prudencio Padilla Ãngel Laborde The Battle of Lake Maracaibo was fought on July 24, 1823 in Venezuelas Lake Maracaibo between Almirante (Admiral) JosÃ© Prudencio Padilla and Royalist Captain Ãngel Laborde. ... Angostura was the name of the town in Eastern Venezuela that was renamed Ciudad Bolívar in 1846. ... Gran Colombia Capital BogotÃ¡ Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic History - Established December 17, 1819 - Disestablished November 19, 1831 Gran Colombia (Spanish for Great Colombia) is a name used today for the Republic of Colombia of the period 1819-1831. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... // ChÃ¡vez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida BolÃvar on May 16, 2004. ... The Demographics of Venezuela are the condition and overview of Venezuelas peoples. ... The Venezuelan people have a very rich and very diverse cultural heritage. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Wycliffe Tyndale Â· Luther Â· Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Pope Â· Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box: The Roman Catholic Church... The Bolivarian Missions are a series of social justice, social welfare, anti-poverty, educational, electoral and military recruiting programs implemented under the administration of the current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box: Politics is defined as a group of people who are influenced to change laws and other such things to make the world a better place the process by which groups of people make decisions. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... // ChÃ¡vez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida BolÃvar on May 16, 2004. ... The Bolivarian Circles are a 2. ...

Chávez's version of Bolivarianism, although drawing heavily from Simón Bolívar's ideals, was also influenced by the writings of Marxist historian Federico Brito Figueroa. Chávez was also thoroughly steeped in the South American tradition of socialism and communism early in his life, such as that practiced by Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and Salvador Allende. Other key influences on Chávez's political philosophy include Ezequiel Zamora and Simón Rodríguez. This has been seen as seemingly contradictory, as Bolivar viewed himself as a supporter of free-markets and liberal rights, whilst current "Bolivarianism" includes neo-Marxist policies. Although Chávez himself refers to his ideology as Bolivarianismo ("Bolivarianism"), Chávez's supporters and opponents in Venezuela refer to themselves as being either for or against "chavismo," indicating a public perception that Chávez's political philosophy does not originate from Bolívar so much as from his own views^{[citation needed]}. Thus, Chávez supporters refer to themselves not as "Bolivarians" or "Bolivarianists," but rather as "chavistas."^{[citation needed]} This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision making which require consultation on important decisions by those who will carry out the decision. ... Patriotism is a feeling of love and devotion to ones own homeland (patria, the land of ones fathers). ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Marxism takes its name from the praxis (the synthesis of philosophy and political action) of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ... Federico Brito Figueroa (November 2, 1921 â€” April 28, 2000) was a renowned Venezuelan Marxist historian and anthropologist. ... Jorge EliÃ©cer GaitÃ¡n (January 23, 1903 - April 9, 1948) was a politician, a leader of a populist movement in Colombia, a former Education Minister (1940) and Labor Minister (1943-1944), mayor of BogotÃ¡ (1936) and chief of the Colombian Liberal Party (1947-1948). ... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ... Ernesto Guevara de la Serna (June 14,[1] 1928 â€“ October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara or El Che, was an Argentine-born Marxist revolutionary, medical doctor, political figure, and leader of Cuban and internationalist guerrillas. ... Salvador Allende Gossens[1] (July 26, 1908 â€“ September 11, 1973) was President of Chile from November 1970 until his suicide during the coup dÃ©tat of September 11, 1973. ... Ezequiel Zamora was a famous Venezuelan soldier and leader in the so-called Federal War of 1859-1863. ... SimÃ³n RodrÃguez (Caracas, Venezuela, October 28, 1769 â€“ Amotape, PerÃº, February 28, 1854), known during his exile from Spanish America as Samuel Robinson, was a South American philosopher and educator, notably SimÃ³n BolÃvars tutor and mentor. ...

Later in his life, Chávez would acknowledge the role that democratic socialism (a form of socialism that emphasizes grassroots democratic participation) plays in Bolivarianism. For example, on January 30, 2005 at the World Social Forum in Porto Alegre, Brazil, Chávez declared his support for democratic socialism as integral to Bolivarianism, proclaiming that humanity must embrace "a new type of socialism, a humanist one, which puts humans, and not machines or the state, ahead of everything."^[1] He later reiterated this sentiment in a February 26 speech at the 4th Summit on Social Debt held in Caracas. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Nickname: Coordinates: Country Brazil Region South State Rio Grande do Sul Government - Mayor JosÃ© FogaÃ§a (PPS) Area - City 496. ... Humanism[1] is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualitiesâ€”particularly rationality. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: La Sultana del Avila (English:The Avilas Sultan) La Sucursal del paraiso Motto: Ave MarÃa SantÃsima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural. ...

Other definitions and dispute

Historically, there has been no universally accepted definition as to the proper use of the terms Bolivarianism and Bolivarian within all the countries in the region. Many different leaders, movements and parties have indistinctly used them to describe themselves throughout most of the 19th and 20th centuries.

People who have called themselves bolivarianos claim to follow the general ideology expressed in Bolívar's texts such as the Carta de Jamaica and the Discurso de Angostura. Some of Bolívar's ideas include forming a union of Latin American countries, providing public education, and enforcing sovereignty to fight against foreign invasion, which has been interpreted to include economic domination by foreign powers. An example of such a union was Gran Colombia, a block of countries consisting of Venezuela, Colombia,Panamá (part of New Granada in that time) and Ecuador. // Public education is education mandated for the children of the general public by the government, whether national, regional, or local, provided by an institution of civil government, and paid for, in whole or in part, by taxes. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ... Gran Colombia Capital BogotÃ¡ Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic History - Established December 17, 1819 - Disestablished November 19, 1831 Gran Colombia (Spanish for Great Colombia) is a name used today for the Republic of Colombia of the period 1819-1831. ... Panama (Spanish: PanamÃ¡) is the southernmost country of Central America. ... New Granada can mean: the English rendering of any Spanish geographical or administrative name Nueva Granada, always named after the deep southern Spanish port city Granada, as in: the Spanish American colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada the post-colonial Republic of New Granada (1831 to 1856), which included modern Colombia...

The Colombian insurgent group FARC has, in recent years, also considered itself to be inspired by Bolívar's ideals and by his role in the 19th century independence struggle against Spain. It has also publicly declared its sympathy towards Hugo Chávez and his Bolivarian Revolution, both of which do not actively confirm or deny any involvement with the insurgent group. It is known that some individual Venezuelan bolivarianos do actively sympathize with the FARC in return, but it is not an automatic occurrence.^{[citation needed]} The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombiaâ€“EjÃ©rcito del Pueblo or FARC-EP (Spanish for Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombiaâ€“Peoples Army) is Colombias oldest and largest guerrilla group, established in 1964-1966 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... // ChÃ¡vez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida BolÃvar on May 16, 2004. ...

A Venezuelan guerrilla organization, the Bolivarian Forces of Liberation, also espouses Bolivarianism, although it is not known if there are any ties to the Venezuelan government. Look up guerrilla in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Bolivarian Forces of Liberation - Liberator Army is a guerrilla organization operatating in Venezuela. ...

It is also worthy of notice that, while many Bolivarianists often include Brazil in their plans for unification and integration of South America, this is mostly unknown among Brazilians or widely regarded as a foreign movement, particularly due to the language difference and the fact that not all Brazilians see Brazil as a Latin American country.

Chavismo

Bolivarianism is also referred to (sometimes pejoratively by its opponents)^[2] as Chavismo or Chavezism.^[3] Adherents are referred to as chavistas.

Several political parties in Venezuela support chavismo. The main party, directly affiliated with Chávez, is the Fifth Republic Movement (Spanish: Movimiento Quinta Republica, usually referred to by the three letters, MVR). Other parties and movements supporting chavismo include Fatherland for All (Spanish: Patria Para Todos or PPT), and Tupamaros. Political parties in Venezuela lists political parties in Venezuela. ... The Fifth Republic Movement (Spanish: Movimiento V [Quinta] RepÃºblica, MVR) is a left-wing political party in Venezuela which was founded by Hugo ChÃ¡vez, the current President of Venezuela. ... Fatherland for Everybody (Patria por Todos ) is a political party in Venezuela. ...

The left-wing Movement for Socialism (Spanish: Movimiento al Socialismo or MAS ) and Radical Cause (Spanish: Causa R) initially supported chavismo, but they have since distanced themselves from it, and now oppose it. The Movement toward Socialism (Spanish: Movimiento al Socialismo, or MAS) is a social-democratic political party in Venezuela. ... The R Cause (La Causa R) is a political party in Venezuela. ...

A 2002 article in The Boston Globe said chavismo "fueled the eruption of public fury that swept the charismatic and confrontational president back into power after a group of military officers deposed him for two days in April in favor of a businessman-president," adding that the "Chavismo phenomenon has almost religious qualities."^[4] The Boston Globe is the most widely circulated daily newspaper in Boston, Massachusetts and in the greater New England region. ...

Writing in The Weekly Standard, Thor Halvorssen says that "At [Chavismo's] core is a far-reaching foreign policy that aims to establish a loosely aligned federation of revolutionary republics as a resistance bloc in the Americas. The Chavista worldview sees the globe as a place where the United States, Europe, and Israel must be opposed by militarized one-man regimes."^[5] The Weekly Standard is an American neoconservative [1] magazine published 48 times per year. ... Thor Halvorssen (born 1976) [1] is a human rights advocate and film producer with contributions in the field of public policy, public interest advocacy, individual rights and civil liberties, and pro-democracy advocacy in his native Venezuela. ...

According to an article in the New York Sun, Chavezism was rejected in recent elections in Peru, Colombia and Mexico,^[6] and El Universal reports that Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva distanced himself from Chavezism, saying that Brazil is not Venezuela, and has traditional institutions.^[7] The modern New York Sun is a daily newspaper published in New York City. ... El Universal is a major Venezuelan newspaper, headquartered in Caracas. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Notes

^ Sojo, Cleto A. (Venezuela Analysis, 31 Jan 2005). "Venezuela’s Chávez Closes World Social Forum with Call to Transcend Capitalism". Retrieved 20 Oct 2005.
^ http://www.vheadline.com/readnews.asp?id=7266
^ Morsbach, Greg. Chavez opponents face tough times. BBC News (6 December 2005).
^ Ceaser, Mike. Chavez followers stay loyal despite Venezuela Crisis. Boston Globe (17 December 2002). pg. A.33
^ Halvorssen, Thor. Hurricane Hugo. The Weekly Standard, August 8, 2005, Volume 010, Issue 44. Also available at LookSmart.
^ Barone, Michael. Good News. The New York Sun (31 July 2006).
^ Lula says he is not like Chávez. El Universal (22 August 2006).

The Boston Globe is the most widely-circulated daily newspaper in Boston, Massachusetts and in the greater New England region. ... Thor Halvorssen (born 1976) [1] is a human rights advocate and film producer with contributions in the field of public policy, public interest advocacy, individual rights and civil liberties, and pro-democracy advocacy in his native Venezuela. ... The Weekly Standard is an American neoconservative [1] magazine published 48 times per year. ...

External links

See also

<noinclude>List of political parties in Venezuela Image File history File links Flag_of_Venezuela_(state). ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela. ... The early life of Hugo ChÃ¡vez concerns the childhood, college years, and military career of the current President of Venezuela, Hugo ChÃ¡vez, prior to his failed 1992 coup attempt and his rise to political power. ... The military career of Hugo ChÃ¡vez spans the seventeen years (1975â€“1992) that the current President of Venezuela spent in the Venezuelan army. ... // Early presidency Shortly after taking office on February 2, 1999, ChÃ¡vez and his allies first worked to defeat the Puntofijismo of Venezuelaâ€™s ancien rÃ©gime. ... Hugo ChÃ¡vez meets with fellow conspirator Francisco Arias CÃ¡rdenas prior to the February 4, 1992 coup attempt. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... ChÃ¡vez greets supporters during the August 15, 2004 presidential recall referendum. ... The putative Venezuelan coup of 2004 was a hypothesized plot to overthrow Hugo Chavez, who is the current President of Venezuela. ... A presidential election was held in the Republic of Venezuela on 6 December 1998. ... A presidential election was held in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on 30 July 2000. ... The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela held presidential elections on 3 December 2006, to choose a president for the six-year term to begin on 10 January 2007. ... The Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (Spanish: Alternativa Bolivariana para las AmÃ©ricas or ALBA - which also means dawn in Spanish) is a political, social and economic cooperation and complementation vision of integration between the Latin American countries, proposed by the government of Venezuela as an alternative to the Free... The Bolivarian Circles are a 2. ... // ChÃ¡vez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida BolÃvar on May 16, 2004. ... The Cabinet of Hugo ChÃ¡vez is the circle high level ministerial officials and appointees who coordinate the day to day management of the Venezuelan federal government in conjunction with the current President of Venezuela, Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Chavismo or Chavezismo is the name given to the left-wing political ideology based on the ideas, programs and government style associated with the present president of Venezuela, Hugo ChÃ¡vez, also referred to as Bolivarianism. ... The foreign policy of Hugo ChÃ¡vez concerns the policy initiatives made towards other nations by the current President of Venezuela ChÃ¡vez. ... The Bolivarian Missions are a series of social justice, social welfare, anti-poverty, educational, electoral and military recruiting programs implemented under the administration of the current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mission Barrio Adentro (Mission Into the Neighborhood) is a Bolivarian social welfare program established under current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez that provides comprehensive free health care, dental care, and sports training to poor and traditionally underserved communities in Venezuela. ... MisiÃ³n Guaicaipuro (launched 12 October 2003) is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mision HÃ¡bitat (Mission Habitat) is a Venezuelan Bolivarian Mission that has as its goal the construction of thousands of new housing units for the poor. ... Mission Identidad is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mission Mercal (officially launched on April 24, 2003) is a Bolivarian Mission established in Venezuela under the government of Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mission Miranda is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... MisiÃ³n Piar is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Plan Bolivar 2000 (launched 27 February 1999) was the first of the Bolivarian Missions enacted under of administration of current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... MisiÃ³n Ribas (launched November 2003) is a Venezuelan Bolivarian Mission that provides remedial high school level classes to the five million Venezeulan high school dropouts; named after independence hero JosÃ© Felix Ribas. ... Mission Robinson (launched in July 2003) is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... MisiÃ³n Sucre (launched in late 2003) is one the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mission Vuelta al Campo (Return to the Countryside; implementation announced in mid 2005) is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Vuelvan Caras (Mission Turn Faces) is one of the Bolivarian Missions (a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo ChÃ¡vez. ... Mission Zamora is a land reform program in Venezuela, created in law by the Ley de Tierras (Law of Land), part of a package of 49 decrees made by Hugo ChÃ¡vez in November 2001. ... Criticism of Hugo ChÃ¡vez discusses allegations and criticism against the current President of Venezuela. ... The media representation of Hugo ChÃ¡vez involves the portrayal of the current President of Venezuela, Hugo ChÃ¡vez, in the domestic Venezuelan media, including both private corporate and state-owned outlets. ... Â¿Â¡RevoluciÃ³n!? is 2006 political documentary directed by Quebec journalist and filmmaker Charles Gervais. ... The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (a. ... SÃºmate (Spanish for Join In) is a Venezuelan volunteer civil association, founded in 2002 by a group of Venezuelan citizens, led by Maria Corina Machado and Alejandro Plaz. ... Political parties in Venezuela lists political parties in Venezuela. ...

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