| Bolivian ram | 
A pair of Bolivian rams | | Scientific classification | | | | Binomial name | Mikrogeophagus altispinosus
(Haseman, 1911) | | Synonyms | | Crenicara altispinosa (Haseman, 1911) Microgeophagus altispinosus (Haseman, 1911) Papiliochromis altispinosus (Haseman, 1911) Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ...
Animalia redirects here. ...
Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ...
Orders See text The Actinopterygii are the ray-finned fish. ...
Families many, see text The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, include about 40% of all fish and are the largest order of vertebrates. ...
Genera Apistogramma - Dwarf Cichlids Astronotus (Oscars) Boulengerochromis Cichlasoma - American Ciclids Crenicichla Pterophyllum - Freshwater Angelfish Symphysodon - Discus Teleogramma Tilapia Cichlids are a family of perciform fishes. ...
Species See text. ...
In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ...
1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...
In scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different scientific names used for a single taxon. ...
| Mikrogeophagus altispinosus is a species of fish endemic to the Amazon river basin, in Brazil and Bolivia respectively.[1] The species is part of the family Cichlidae and is included in subfamily Geophaginae.[1] It is a popular aquarium fish, traded under the common names of Bolivian butterfly, Bolivian ram and Ruby clown cichlid.[2][3][4] This article is about the river. ...
In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ...
Genera Apistogramma - Dwarf Cichlids Astronotus (Oscars) Boulengerochromis Cichlasoma - American Ciclids Crenicichla Pterophyllum - Freshwater Angelfish Symphysodon - Discus Teleogramma Tilapia Cichlids are a family of perciform fishes. ...
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For other uses, see Aquarium (disambiguation). ...
Range, geographic variants and habitat
The species occurs in the soft, acidic warm waters of the Mamoré and Guaporé river drainages in Bolivia and Brazil. Whether one morph of M. altispinosus, known to aquarium hobbyists as Mikrogeophagus sp. "Zweifleck/Two-patch", found in the upper Rio Guaporé in Brazil is a different species remains unclear[5] The type locality is the Rio Mamoré at San Joaquin (Beni Province, Bolivia).[5] In its natural habitat the species occurs in permanent freshwater streams and pools.[citation needed] Hard water water that has a high mineral content (water with a low mineral content is known as soft water). ...
For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ...
The Mamoré is a large river in Bolivia, which unites with the Beni to form the Madeira, one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon. ...
Guaporé is the name of river in western Brazil and the former name of the territory, and later state, of Rondônia. ...
A Morph, meaning form (from the Latin morpha), is a zoological term that descibes local populations or subpopulations of a single species of animal that may or may not be phenotypically distinct from the larger population as a whole. ...
Appearance and sexual dimorphism  Female with newly free-swimming fry The species is similar in profile to the larger geophagine cichlids. Maximum size is approximately 8 centimetres (3.1 in.).[6] The head and front half of the body is yellow fading to olive-grey at the rear. There is a vertical black band through the eye and six faint transverse stripes along the body the third stripe is dark at its centre. The first few rays of the dorsal fin are black and both the dorsal and caudal fin are edged in pinky-red. The anal and pelvic fins are the same shade of red throughout with bright blue rays and dots.[3] cm redirects here, alternate uses: cm (disambiguation) A centimetre (symbol cm; American spelling: centimeter) is an SI unit of length. ...
An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...
Dorsal Fin of the Orca A dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of fishes, whales, dolphins and porpoises. ...
Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ...
Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ...
Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ...
The species displays only limited sexual dimorphism, mature males being slightly larger and in some cases showing longer extensions on both the caudal fin and the posterior of the dorsal fin.[2][3] Female (left) and male Common Pheasant, illustrating the dramatic difference in both color and size between the sexes Sexual dimorphism is the systematic difference in form between individuals of different sex in the same species. ...
Diet Omnivorous. Sifts the substrate for plant material and small organisms. Omnivores are organisms that consume both plants and animals. ...
The substrate of an aquarium refers to the material used on the tank bottom. ...
Reproduction  Aquarium raised fry at 8 weeks of age Bolivian rams are biparental open spawning cichlids.[7] Limited data are available on reproduction in the wild, in captivity, however, courtship is known to involve various body movements including head shaking, quivering and preparation of spawning sites, including shallow pits. These behaviours are mainly undertaken by the male and in aquaria are known to last approximately 48 hours.[3] After courtship, the female will deposit some 100-200 ovoid brownish coloured eggs on the chosen surface, normally a flattened stone.[3] The eggs are laid in lines, when the female has laid one line, the male will pass over it and fertilise the eggs, the female then continues on to the next line and so on until egg laying is complete. In aquariums at 27 ºC (80.5 ºF) eggs take approximately 60 hours to hatch. During this time, the clutch is primarily cared for by the female who fans the eggs and often adds sand to the clutch, possibly to camouflage the eggs.[3] Newly hatched larvae are transported via the mouths of the parents to the shallow pits dug by the male during courtship and moved regularly between pits. The fry become free-swimming after 7 days and are lead about in a dense school by the parents for foraging.[3] An oval or ovoid was originally an egg shape (from Latin OVVM); it is now usually used to refer to ellipses, but can also mean any similar shape, such as egg shapes or race-course shapes (a semicircle on either side of a quadrilateral). ...
In most birds and reptiles, an egg (Latin ovum) is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum. ...
Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ...
Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ...
An infant Cuttlefish blends into the surrounding sand substrate. ...
This article is about swarms in biology. ...
 Young 17-week old M. altispinosus in the aquarium
In the aquarium Although less popular than its close relative Mikrogeophagus ramirezi, the Bolivian ram remains a commonly encountered cichlid for the aquarium.[3] The species is also more tolerant of lower temperatures (22-26 ºC, 72-80 ºF) and a greater range of water chemistries than M. ramirezi.[7] For these reasons, M. altispinosus can be kept in some community aquariums, however, assertive, active or aggressively-feeding fish are not ideal companions for this relatively shy species.[3][7] Binomial name Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) The ram cichlid, Mikrogeophagus ramirezi, is a dwarf species of freshwater cichlid native to the Orinoco River basin, in the llanos of Venezuela and Colombia in South America. ...
An aquarium which mimics the natural environment of the species, ie: soft, acidic water with hiding places in the form of dense planted regions, or bogwood is recommended.[7] Aquarists classify M. altispinosus as a dwarf cichlid and as such it can be kept in relatively small aquariums, with minimum volumes being approximately of 80 litres (20 gallons). In captivity the species is an unfussy feeder and readily accepts many commerically available fish foods.[3] Bogwood is wood preserved in a bog due to anaerobic conditions. ...
The name dwarf cichlid is normally applied only to non-rift lake dwarf cichlids, in particular those species which are suited for the planted aquarium. ...
The liter (spelled liter in American English and litre in Commonwealth English) is a unit of volume. ...
The gallon is a unit of volume used for measuring liquids (as well as dry matter). ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
See also Genera Cichlids (pronounced “sick-lidsâ€) are fishes from the family Cichlidae in the order Perciformes. ...
Species See text. ...
The name dwarf cichlid is normally applied only to non-rift lake dwarf cichlids, in particular those species which are suited for the planted aquarium. ...
References - ^ a b Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors.. Mikrogeophagus altispinosus. FishBase. Retrieved on 2007 April 16.
- ^ a b Richter H-J (1989) Complete book of dwarf cichlids. Tropical Fish Hobbyist, USA
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Linke H, Staeck L (1994) American cichlids I: Dwarf Cichlids. A handbook for their identification, care and breeding. Tetra Press. Germany. ISBN 1-56465-168-1
- ^ Newman L (2007) Mikrogeophagus altispinosus (Haseman, 1911) Ed Azas JMA. The Cichlidroom Companion
- ^ a b Stawikowski, Rainer, Ingo Kosloswki & Volker Bohnet (editors): Sudamerikanische Zwergcichliden/South American Dwarf Cichlids. New A-Numbers, Habitat, Care and Reproduction. ISBN 3-8001-0911-5
- ^ Baensch, H.A. & G. Fischer: Baensch Aquarium Atlas Photo Index 1-5 ISBN 388244083X
- ^ a b c d Loiselle, Paul V. (1995). The Cichlid Aquarium. Germany: Tetra Press. ISBN 1-56465-146-0.
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