The Bonin Thrush or Bonin Islands Thrush, Zoothera terrestris, is sometimes separated as the only species of the genus Cichlopasser. It is an extinct species of Asian thrush. The only place where this bird ever was found is Chichi-jima in the Ogasawara Islands; it might theoretically have also occurred on Anijima and Otōtojima, but this is not borne out by observations or specimens. The species was only once observed by a naturalist, its discoverer Kittlitz. He encountered the thrush in the coastal woods where it usually kept to the ground; it may have been ground-nesting. The only specimens ever taken are in the Naturalis in Leiden (1), the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna (1), the Senckenbergmuseum in Frankfurt (1) and in the Zoological Museum, St. Petersburg (2). In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of species. ... Species Many, see text The Asian thrushes are medium-sized mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the genus Zoothera of the thrush family Turdidae. ... Chichi-jima (父島, lit. ... A map of the Ogasawara Islands south of Japan The Ogasawara Islands (小笠原諸島) are an archipelago of over 30 subtropical islands some 1,000 km directly south of central Tokyo, Japan. ... Friedrich Heinrich Freiherr von Kittlitz (February 16, 1799 - April 10, 1874) was a Polish-born German artist, naval officer, explorer and naturalist. ... The National Museum of Natural History, or Naturalis, originated from the merger of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (abbreviated RMNH) and the Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie (abbreviated RGM) in 1984. ... Leyden redirects here. ... Naturhistorisches Museum at Maria-Theresien-Platz, Vienna Naturhistorisches Museum Wien The Naturhistorisches Museum (Museum of Natural History) is a large museum located in Vienna, Austria. ... Vienna (German: Wien ; Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian: Beč, Czech: Vídeň, Hungarian: Bécs, Greek: Βιέννη, Romanian: Viena, Romani: Bech or Vidnya, Russian: Вена, Slovak: Viedeň, Slovenian: Dunaj, Dutch: Wenen) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... T. Rex The Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt is the largest museum of natural history in Germany. ... Skyline of Frankfurt at night is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Extinction

Interestingly, the Bonin Thrush is not among the birds observed or collected by the Beechey Pacific expedition which called at Chichi-jima in 1827. It was only found the following year, when Kittlitz took the 5 specimens; he considered them common enough around the landing site. It is unknown why Beechey's expedition, which landed at the same location, did not find them. Frederick William Beechey (February 17, 1796-November 29, 1856) was an English naval officer and geographer. ... Naval Battle of Navarino by Carneray 1827 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Following the suggestion of two shipwrecked sailors (who were picked up by Beechey in 1827) that the island would make a good stopover station for whalers, settlement was begun in 1830. When the Perry's first mission to Japan called at Chichi-jima in 1853, they did not find the bird again, just as naturalist William Stimpson of the Rodgers-Ringgold North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition in the following year. Instead, they encountered rats and feral goats, sheep, dogs and cats (feral pigs were already found by Kittlitz and may have been left by Beechey to provision possible future castaways). Just like the Bonin Grosbeak, the Bonin Thrush probably succumbed soon after 1830 to predation by the introduced mammals and habitat destruction. The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch Whaling is the hunting and killing of whales. ... Liberty Leading the People by Eug̬ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858). ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... William Stimpson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Rear Admiral John Rodgers John Rodgers (8 August 1812 Р5 May 1882), son of Commodore John Rodgers, was born near Havre de Grace, Maryland. ... Rear Admiral Cadwallader Ringgold (20 August 1802 - 29 April 1867) was an officer in the United States Navy during the Civil War. ... Binomial name Chaunoproctus ferreorostris (Vigors, 1829) Synonyms Coccothraustes ferreorostris Vigors, 1829 Fringilla papa Kittlitz, 1830 Papa ferreirostris Bonaparte Mycerobas papa Cabanis Chaunoproctus papa Bonaparte, 1850 Chaunoproctus ferreirostris (lapsus) The Bonin Grosbeak or Bonin Islands Grosbeak (Chaunoproctus ferreorostris) is an extinct finch, the only species of the genus Chaunoproctus. ...

References

• BirdLife International (2004). Zoothera terrestris. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 30 Jun 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is extinct
• Kittlitz, Heinrich von (1830): [Description of Zoothera terrestris]. Mem. presentes a l'Acad. Imp. des Sci. de St. Petersbourg par divers savants, etc. 1(3): 244, plate 17.