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Encyclopedia > Bonn Agreement (Afghanistan)
Afghanistan

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Politics and government of
Afghanistan
Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Afghanistan. ... In recent years the politics of Afghanistan have been dominated by the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan by the United States and the subsequent efforts to stabilise and democratise the country. ...



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Officially the Agreement on Provisional Arrangements in Afghanistan Pending the Re-Establishment of Permanent Government Institutions, the Bonn Agreement was the initial series of agreements intended to re-create the State of Afghanistan following the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, an invasion which ended the twenty-plus-year-long Afghan Civil War. Since no nationally-agreed-upon government had existed in Afghanistan since 1979, it was felt necessary to have a transition period before a permanent government was established. A nationally-agreed-upon government would require at least one loya jirga to be convened; however, in the absence of law and order in the wake of the rapid victory of American and Afghan Northern Alliance forces, immediate steps were felt to be required. Loya Jirga (June 13, 2002) Loya jirga, occasionally loya jirgah, is a large meeting held in Afghanistan, originally attended by Pashtun groups but later including other ethnic groups. ... The President of Afghanistan is Afghanistans head of state, head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. ... Hamid Karzai (Pashto: حامد کرزي, Persian: حامد کرزی) (b. ... The Cabinet of Ministers of Afghanistan is made of the heads of all the government ministries. ... The National Assembly is Afghanistans national legislature. ... The House of Elders, also natively known as the Meshrano Jirga is the upper house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan, alongside the Wolesi Jirga (peoples assembly or lower house, the main legislature). ... The House of the People, also known natively as the Wolesi Jirga (from Pashto ulus = tribe and jirga = tent) is the lower house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan, alongside the House of Elders. ... This article gives information on election and election results in Afghanistan. ... This article lists political parties in Afghanistan. ... Afghanistan consists of 34 provinces, or velayat: Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamiyan Daikondi - established March 28, 2004 Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghowr Helmand Herat Jowzjan Kabul Kandahar Kapisa Khost Konar Kondoz Laghman Lowgar Nangarhar Nimruz Nurestan Oruzgan Paktia Paktika Panjshir - established April 13, 2004 Parvan Samangan Sar-e Pol Takhar Vardak... After the provinces districts are the second level of administrative subdivisions in Afghanistan. ... This is a table of the current governors of Afghanistan. ... The Afghan Supreme Court (Stera Mahkama) is the court of last resort in Afghanistan. ... Chief Justice of Afghanistan is the head of the Afghan Supreme Court. ... Human Rights in Afghanistan The Bonn Agreement of 2001 established the Independent Afghan Human Rights Commission to investigate human rights abuses and war crimes. ... The foreign relations of Afghanistan, like those of any country, have changed along with the political, sociological, and economic state of the various parts of Afghanistan. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... Combatants al-Qaeda, Taliban Northern Alliance, United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, France, New Zealand, Italy, Germany Commanders Mohammed Omar Osama bin Laden Tommy Franks Mohammed Fahim Strength Casualties {{{notes}}} The United States invasion of Afghanistan occurred in October 2001, in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on... The World Trade Center on fire The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. ... The Afghan Civil War is a civil war that began in 1978 and has continued since, though it has included several distinct phases. ... Loya Jirga (June 13, 2002) Loya jirga, occasionally loya jirgah, is a large meeting held in Afghanistan, originally attended by Pashtun groups but later including other ethnic groups. ... The Northern Alliance is a term used by the western media, Taliban and Al Qaida to identify the military coalition of various Afghan groups fighting the Taliban. ...

Contents

Overview

In December 2001, a number of prominent Afghans met under UN auspices in Bonn, Germany, to decide on a plan for governing the country; as a result, the Afghan Interim Authority (AIA) - made up of 30 members, headed by a chairman - was inaugurated on 22 December 2001 with a six-month mandate to be followed by a two-year Transitional Authority (TA), after which elections are to be held. Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany, located about 20 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. ...


Constitution of Afghanistan

Under the Bonn Agreement the Afghan Constitution Commission was established to draft a new constitution in consultation with the public. The Bonn Agreement called for a loya jirga to be convened within 18 months of the establishment of the Transitional Authority and for the use of the 1964 constitution as the basis for a new constitution. The Constitution of afghanistan became the official law of Afghanistan when the 2003 Loya jirga approved it by the consensus on January 4, 2004. ... The Afghan Constitution Commission (or Afghan Constitutional Commission) was established October 5, 2002 as required by the Bonn Agreement, which stipulated that a new Afghan constitution be adopted by a loya jirga. ...


While slightly delayed this constitution has now been written and accepted by the loya jirga.


Legal system

The Bonn Agreement calls for a judicial commission to rebuild the justice system in accordance with Islamic principles, international standards, the rule of law, and Afghan legal traditions.


Judicial branch

The Bonn Agreement called for the establishment of a Supreme Court of Afghanistan. The Afghan Supreme Court (Stera Mahkama) is the court of last resort in Afghanistan. ...


External links

  • Full Text of the Agreement or here

  Results from FactBites:
 
Bonn Agreement (Afghanistan) - definition of Bonn Agreement (Afghanistan) in Encyclopedia (274 words)
Officially the Agreement On Provisional Arrangements In Afghanistan Pending The Re-Establishment Of Permanent Government Institutions, the Bonn Agreement was the initial series of agreements intended to re-create the State of Afghanistan following the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, an invasion which ended the twenty-plus-year-long Afghan Civil War.
Under the Bonn Agreement the Afghan Constitution Commission was established to draft a new constitution in consultation with the public.
The Bonn Agreement called for a loya jirga to be convened within 18 months of the establishment of the Transitional Authority and for the use of the 1964 constitution as the basis for a new constitution.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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