'Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi published his famous Book of Fixed Stars around 964, in Arabic, although the author himself was probably Persian. It was an attempt to create a synthesis of the most popular Classical work of astronomy – Ptolemy’s Almagest – with the indigenous Arabic tradition, or Anwa.
The book was thoroughly illustrated along with observations and descriptions of the stars, their positions, their magnitudes (brightness) and their color. His results set out constellation by constellation. For each constellation, he provided two drawings, one from the outside of a celestial globe, and the other from the inside
He has descriptions and pictures of what he called "A Little Cloud" which is actually the Andromeda Galaxy. He mentions it as lying before the mouth of a Big Fish, an Arabic constellation. This "cloud" was apparently commonly known to the Isfahan astronomers, very probably before 905 AD.
He probably also cataloged the Omicron Velorum star cluster as a "nebulous star", and an additional "nebulous object" in Vulpecula, a cluster now known as Al Sufi's or Brocchi's Cluster, or Collinder 399. Moreover, he mentions the Large Magellanic Cloud as Al Bakr, the White Ox, of the southern Arabs as it is invisible from Northern Arabia because of its southern latitude.
External links
Biography of Al Sufi (http://www.seds.org/messier/xtra/Bios/alsufi.html)
A page about Muslim Astronomers (http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=232)
A catalog of medieval manuscripts from around the world. (http://www.samfogg.demon.co.uk/22/2249.html)
Books on Muslim astronomy
The Arabs and the Stars: Texts and Traditions on the Fixed Stars, and Their Influence in Medieval Europe (Variorum Reprint, Cs307) by Paul Kunitzsch
Although this celestial sphere seems to be revolving slowly around us all the stars always appear in the same configurations called constellations, at the same fixed positions on the celestial sphere.
A person's horoscope, or birth chart as it is also called, depends on the time of the calendar year that he / she was born in.
The zodiacs correspond to the twelve constellations in the sky.
The stars were known as "fixed" as they didn't appear to move in the same way as the planets do, which are also known as the "wandering" stars.
Some fixedstars are more often taken into account than others are as they are near the ecliptic, such as the four Royal stars.
The cluster consists of 7 small stars (Electra, Celaeno, Taygeta, Maia, Merope, Asterope and Alcyone) with Alcyone being the central star and known as the star of the weeping sisters.
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