 The Telescope being readied for launch The BOOMERanG experiment (Balloon Observations Of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation and Geophysics) measured the cosmic microwave background radiation of a part of the sky during three sub-orbital (high altitude) balloon flights. It was the first experiment to make large, high fidelity images of the CMB temperature anisotropies. By using a telescope which fly over 42.000 metres high, it was possible to reduce the absorbtion of the atmosphere for microwave waves to a minimum. This allows massive cost reduction compared to a satellite probe, though only a small part of the sky could be scanned. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background radiation (most often abbreviated CMB but occasionally CMBR, CBR or MBR, also referred as relic radiation) is a form of electromagnetic radiation discovered in 1965 that fills the entire universe. ...
High altitude balloons are balloons, usually filled with helium, that are released into the upper atmosphere, generally reaching between 60,000 and 120,000 feet. ...
Balloons, like greeting cards or flowers, are given for special occasions. ...
The first was a test flight over North America in 1997. In the two subsequent flights in 1998 and 2003 the ballon was started at the McMurdo Station in the Antarctic. It used the Polar vortex winds to circle around the south pole and returning within 2 weeks back. From this phenomena the telescope has his name. World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...
1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean [1]. // Coated in ice, power and telephone lines sag and often break, resulting in power outages. ...
2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
McMurdo Station from Observation Hill. ...
The polar vortex is a persistent, large-scale cyclone located near the Earths poles, in the middle and upper troposphere and the stratosphere. ...
Instrumentation
The experiment uses bolometers[1] for radiation detection. These bolometers are kept at a temperature of 0.27 Kelvins. At this temperature the material has a very low heat capacity according to the Debye law, thus incoming microwave light will cause a strong temperature change proportional to the intensity of the incoming waves which is measured with sensitiv thermometeres. Rendition of an imaging bolometer from Los Alamos National Laboratory A bolometer is a device for measuring incident electromagnetic radiation. ...
In thermodynamics and solid state physics, the Debye model is a method developed by Peter Debye in 1912 for estimating the phonon contribution to the specific heat (heat capacity) in a solid. ...
A 1.2 mirror[2] focuses the microwaves onto the focal plane which consist of 16 horns. These horns, operating at 145 GHz, 245 GHz and 345 GHz, are arranged into 8 pixel. So only a tiny fraction of the sky can be seen concurrently so the telescope has to rotate to scan the whole field of view.
Results
 CMB Anisotropy measured by BOOMERanG Together with experiments like Saskatoon, TOCO, MAXIMA, and others, the Boomerang data from 1997 and 1998 determined the angular diameter distance to the surface of last scattering with high precision. When combined with complementary data regarding the value of Hubble's constant, the Boomerang data determined that the geometry of the Universe to be flat (see [1] and [2]) , supporting the supernova evidence for the existence of dark energy. The 2003 flight of Boomerang resulted in extremely high signal to noise maps of the CMB temperature anisotropy, and a measurement of the polarization of the CMB. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Hubbles law is the statement in physical cosmology that the redshift in light coming from distant galaxies is proportional to their distance. ...
Multiwavelength X-ray image of the remnant of Keplers Supernova, SN 1604. ...
References - ^ Instrumentation of the BOOMERranG experiment. Ted's Weblog (2002-01-29). Retrieved on 2007 April 6.
- ^ Boomerang Instrument. Caltech Observational Cosmology Group (2003-06-01). Retrieved on 2007 April 6.
2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ...
April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ...
2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ...
April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ...
See also Cosmic background radiation spectrum as determined with the COBE satellite, (top) uncorrected, (middle) corrected for the dipole term due to our peculiar velocity, (bottom) corrected for contributions from the dipole term and from our galaxy. ...
Observational cosmology is the study of the structure, the evolution and the origin of the universe through observation, using instruments such as telescopes and cosmic ray detectors. ...
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