Bosaso (Somali: Boosaaso; Arabic: بوساسو‎ Bawsāsū), formerly Bender Cassim (Somali: Bender Qaasim), is the fourth largest city in Somalia and the main port of Somalia since the start of the Somali Civil War in 1991. Situated on the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden (49°30' E and 11°30' N) at the estuary of Baalade Wadi, it is the de facto capital of the Bari region (gobolka) in the autonomous republic of Puntland. The Arabic language ( ), or simply Arabic ( ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew, Amharic and Aramaic. ... Seaport, a painting by Claude Lorrain, 1638 The Port of Wellington at night. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Gulf of Aden is located in the Indian Ocean between Yemen on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Somaliland in Africa. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... Bari is a region (gobolka) in northern Somalia. ... Motto: None Anthem(s): Puntland Somalian National Anthem Capital Garowe Largest city Bosaso Official language(s) Somali and Arabic Government  - President Mohamud Muse Hersi  - Vice-President Hasan Dahir Independence From Somalia   - Declared 1998   - Recognition none  Area  - Total ~250,000 km² (not ranked) n/a sq mi   - Water (%) Negl. ...

Boosaaso governs 6 districts: Qandala, Caluula, Iskushuban, Bayla,Baargaal, and Qardho. The population in August 2006 is about [[[120,000]],] up from 50,000 in the 1990s.Bosaso has the inhabitants of the most Somali clans, mostly belonging to the Harti Subclan of Darood and a significant number of Meheri Arabs, also known as (Arab Mohmud Salah). Boosaaso currently has more than 30 primary and secondary schools, including Boosaaso Public Secondary School (with over 2000 students), Sheikh Hamdan Secondary School (approximately 800 students),Imam-Alnawawi, Alnajeh, Garisa. East Africa University, the main university of Puntland, is also located in Boosaaso, as well as Puntland Nursing Institute. UNCTAD, SIBA and Sunshine also provide modern education. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body, UNCTAD is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment and development issues. ...

A highway connects Boosaaso to Garoowe (the capital of Puntland State)lasanod, Galkayo and from there to Mogadishu and Berbera. Boosaaso has the busiest port in Somalia, along with a major airport, Bender Qassim International Airport. Boosaaso is a rapidly growing city. As with Hargeisa and Berbera, the rapid construction in the city has been financed by Somalis living abroad in Europe and North America. Boosaaso has grown exponentially since the civil war, as it has attracted people from all over Somalia. Boosaaso is actually doing better than it did before the civil war, when it was largely neglected, and is relatively stable compared with other parts of the country. Garōwe, also spelled Garoowe and Garowe, is the capital city of Puntland, Somalia. ... Mogadishus location in Somalia Mogadishu (Somali: Muqdisho, popularly Xamar; Arabic: ‎ ; Italian: ), is the largest city in Somalia, and its nominal capital. ... Berbera is a city in the Saaxil region (gobolka) of Somalia, and is currently part of the internationally unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. ... Bender Qassim airport is the second largest airport in Somalia. ... Hargeisa (Somali Hargeysa) (coordinates: ) is a city in northwestern Somalia; it is also the capital and largest city of the self-declared but unrecognized Republic of Somaliland which was formed in 1991. ...

Boosaaso is also the major port for boats carrying Somali emigrants across the Gulf of Aden to settle (sometimes illegally) in Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and the other Persian Gulf states. Khat is also shipped from the port. The Gulf of Aden is located in the Indian Ocean between Yemen on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Somaliland in Africa. ... It has been suggested that Persian Gulf States be merged into this article or section. ... Binomial name Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk. ...

History

Some historians identify the area of Boosaaso (along with the neighboring towns of Berbera and Saylac in the territory of Somaliland) with the Land of Punt, where the Ancient Egyptians as early as the Fifth dynasty sent trading expeditions. These expeditions continued under Queen Hatshepsut (1427-1458 BCE) and as late as the Twenty-sixth dynasty. Berbera is a city in the Saaxil region (gobolka) of Somalia, and is currently part of the internationally unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. ... Zeila (also Seyla`, Seelaac, Zaila, Zeyla, Zeylac, Zayla, Séyla‘, Seylac) (Somali: Saylac) 11. ... Motto: Justice, Peace, Freedom, Democracy and Success for All Anthem: dum ala khair, dum ala khair, Samo ku waar Samo ku waar Saamo ku waar Capital Hargeisa Largest city Hargeisa Official language(s) Somali, English, Arabic Government Republic  - President Dahir Riyale Kahin Independence From Somalia   - Declared May 18, 1991   - Recognition... The Land of Punt, which the Ancient Egyptians called Ta Netjeru, meaning Land of the Gods, was a fabled and exotic site in eastern Africa, which carried on extensive trade with Ancient Egypt, China and Arabia. ... Map of Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was the civilization of the Nile Valley between about 3000 BC and the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. As a civilization based on irrigation it is the quintessential example of an hydraulic empire. ... Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Fifth Dynasty. ... Maat-ka-re[1] Truth is the Ka of Re Nomen (Khnumt-Amun) Hatshepsut[1] (Joined with Amun), Foremost of Noble Ladies Horus name Wesretkau [1] Mighty of kas Nebty name Wadjrenput[1] Flourishing of years Golden Horus Netjeretkhau [1] Divine of appearance Consort(s) Thutmose II Issues= Neferure... The Saïte or Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest, and had its capital at Sais. ...

The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea indicates that ancient Greek merchants sailed to Bosaso, providing notes about the strategic and geographical location of the current Boosaaso area which was called Mosylon in ancient times. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Periplus Maris Erythraei ) is a Greek periplus, describing navigation and trading opportunities from Roman Egyptian ports like Berenice along the coast of the Red Sea, and others along East Africa and India. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ...

Boosaaso is the former settlement of Bender Cassim or Bender Qassim, and was first settled in the 14th century by an Arab trader known as Qassim, who is believed to be of Meheri origin (Arab Mohmud Salah)and had a camel called Bosa or Boosaas. So the town was first called Bender Qassim ("Qassim's town") then later Boosaaso, derived from his camel's name. This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...

With the collapse of the central government and with the formation of Puntland, the city has become the capital of the northeastern regions of Somalia. In recent years, Boosaaso has evolved into a refueling station for maritime transport between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf ports, and has also become an important commercial point of entry. The Siad Barre constructed the main port of this region in the mid-1980s, along with a two-lane highway for the annual livestock shipments to the Middle East. It has been suggested that Persian Gulf States be merged into this article or section. ... Siad Barre Mohamed Siad Barre (Somali: Maxamed Siyaad Barre) (1919 – January 2, 1995) was the Head of State of Somalia from 1969 to 1991. ...

External links

• http://www.hiirad.net
• http://www.boosaaso.org
• http://www.boosaaso.net
• http://www.hiirad.com
• http://www.bosaso-university.net/ East Africa University,

Coordinates: 11°17′N 49°11′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...