Border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia started in 1918 between the two newly independent countries of Poland (Second Polish Republic) and Czechoslovakia. They were centered around the disputed Cieszyn Silesia, Orava Territory, Spiš, and after the Second World War broaden to Klodzkie Territory and Racibórz Territory. The conflicts peaked in 1919 and were finally settled in 1956 in a diplomatic treaty between the People's Republic of Poland and Czechoslovakia. 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Second Polish Republic 1921-1939 The Second Polish Republic is an unofficial name applied to the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. When the borders of the state were fixed in 1921, it had an area of 388. ... Cieszyn Silesia (Polish Śląsk cieszyński, Czech Těšínské Slezsko) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, between the Vistula and Oder rivers. ... This article is about the former Hungarian county. ... Spiš (in Latin: Scepusium, in Polish: Spisz, in German: Zips, in Hungarian: Szepes) is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Peoples Republic of Poland (Polish: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1989, during its period of rule by the Communist party, officially called the Polish United Workers Party (Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, or PZPR). ...

Czechoslovak-Polish war of 1919

After the First World War, a territorial dispute between Poland and Czechoslovakia erupted over Teschen area in Silesia. Rada Narodowa Księstwa Cieszyńskiego and Český Národní Výbor pro Slezsko, regional bodies representing both nationalities of the area agreed on a temporary borders after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. That agreement was to be ratified by central governments of the forming republics. Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... Teschen is the German name of the city at the Olza river that is currently divided onto separate towns of Cieszyn in Poland and Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. ... Silesia (Polish ÅšlÄ…sk, German Schlesien, Czech Slezsko) is a historical region in central Europe. ... Official languages Latin, German, Hungarian Established church Roman Catholic Capital & Largest City Vienna pop. ...

The only railway going from Czech lands to Slovakia went throughout this area and access to the railway was critical: newly-formed Czechoslovakia was at war with revolutionary Hungarian Soviet Republic of Béla Kun, which was trying to re-establish control over Slovakia. This set up stage for conflict. The Hungarian Soviet Republic was the political regime in Hungary from March 21, 1919 until the beginning of August of the same year, and it is the second Communist (or soviet) government in world history, after the one in Russia (1917). ... Béla Kun Béla Kun (February 20, 1886–1939?) was a Hungarian Communist who ruled Hungary for a brief time in 1919. ...

Czech goverment in Prague requested Poles to stop preparation for national parliamentary elections in the area designated Polish by the previous, temporary agreement. This was not accepted and during the short military confrontation from January 23 to February 5, 1919 Czechoslovakian troops gained the advantage over local Polish militias. Poland could not spare any more troops to the border area, as it was fighting for its very survival in the Polish-Soviet war. Czechoslovakia was denounced by Allies so both Czechoslovakia and Poland were forced to sign new demarcation line. Final definition of the border was agreed on July 28, 1920, giving the western part of disputed terrritory to Czechoslovakia, while Poland received the eastern section, which created the so-called Zaolzie with a significant Polish minority. January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Polish-Bolshevik War Conflict Polish-Bolshevik War Date 1919–1921 Place Central and Eastern Europe Result Polish victory The Polish-Soviet War was the war (February 1919 – March 1921) that determined the borders between the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic and Second Polish Republic. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Zaolzie (Czech Záolší (Zaolží), Slezsko zaolšanské, Polish Zaolzie, Śląsk zaolziański meaning Trans-Olza river) was the area disputed between Poland and Czechoslovakia West of Cieszyn with approximately 906 km² and 258,000 inhabitants. ...

Aftermath

Parts of the disputed territories were reannexed by Poland in 1938 following the Munich Agreement (1000 km²) and First Vienna Award (266 km²), and then occupied by Germany or the Slovak State in 1939 after their invasion of Poland and the beginning of the Second World War. After 1945 the border between Poland and Czechoslovakia was returned to the line of 1920. On the 13 June 1958 in Warsaw both countries signed a treaty confirming the border on the line of 1 January 1938 and since then there have been no conflicts regarding this matter. In 2003 Poland and Slovakia made some very small border adjustments. 1938 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Chamberlain holds the paper containing the resolution to commit to peaceful methods signed by both Hitler and himself on his return from Germany in September 1938. ... The First Vienna Award was the result of the First Vienna Arbitration (November 2, 1938), which took place at Viennas Belvedere Palace on the eve of World War II. By the award, arbiters from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sought a non-violent way to enforce the revanchist territorial... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Polish September Campaign — also known as Polish-German War of 1939, in Poland often as Wojna obronna 1939 roku (Defensive War of 1939), in Germany as Polish Campaign (Polenfeldzug), codenamed Fall Weiss (Case White) in the German General Staff — was the invasion of Poland by the armies of Nazi... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1938 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• History of Cieszyn and Tesin
• History of Czechoslovakia
• History of Poland
• Spiš article treats all the border conflicts on the territory of present-day Slovakia
• Zaolzie