Boris Souvarine is the commonly used pseudonym of Boris Konstantinovič Lifšic, a Russian-born French political activist and journalist. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

He was born in Kiev in the Ukraine, in 1895; his family moved to Paris around 1900, where he died in 1984. He was a socialist activist from a young age. He joined the Section Française de l'Internationale Ouvrière (SFIO) shortly before World War I. Although initially he supported a national defence position in the war (for which he was criticised by Lenin, he became an opponent of the war. At the time of the Russian revolution of 1917, he became a Bolshevik and one of the French activists of the Third International (Comintern). He was a founder member and leading spokesmen for the Parti Communiste Français (PCF) and its representative in the Executive Committee of the Comintern. However, he was expelled of the Communist Party in 1924 because of his opposition to Stalin. He then created the Democratic Communist Circle (Cercle Communiste Démocratique). After the war he evolved towards a centrist socialist position. Location Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région ÃŽle-de-France Département Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand Delanoë  (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... Socialism is a social and economic system (or the political philosophy advocating such a system) in which the economic means of production are owned and controlled collectively by the people. ... The Section Française de lInternationale Ouvrière (SFIO, French section of the Workers International), founded in 1905, was a French socialist political party, designed as the local section of the Second International (i. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul von Hindenburg... Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ( Russian: Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин  listen?), original surname Ulyanov (Улья́нов) ( April 22 (April 10 ( O.S.)), 1870 – January 21, 1924), was a... Russian Revolution can refer to the following events in the history of Russia: Russian Revolution of 1905, a series of strikes and violent anti-government protests against Tsar Nicholas II. Russian Revolution of 1917, which included: February Revolution, resulting in the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia October Revolution, the... Leaders of the Bolshevik Party and the Communist International, a painting by Malcolm McAllister on the Pathfinder Mural in New York City and on the cover of the book Lenin’s Final Fight published by Pathfinder. ... The term Third International has two well-established meanings: For the unabridged dictionary, see Websters Third New International Dictionary. ... The logo of the PCF. Note the absence of traditional communist imagery such as the hammer and sickle. ... In politics, centrism usually refers to the political ideal of promoting moderate policies which land in the middle ground between different political extremes. ...

He was involved in a variety of organisations and journals of the anti-Stalinist left in France, publishing frequently on the Soviet Union, Stalin and Stalinism. He later came to see Lenin as a precursor of Stalinism - in contrast to the Trotskyist position that Stalinism was a betrayal of Lenin's principles. His criticisms of Stalinism were important sources for some less orthodox Trotskyists, such as C.L.R. James. The anti-Stalinist left is that element of the political left which has been critical of Stalinism, the variant of Communism that developed in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვი&#4314... Joseph Stalin. ... Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ... Cyril Lionel Robert James (4 January 1901–19 May 1989) was a journalist, and a prominent socialist theorist and writer. ...

External links

• Boris Souvarine Papers
• Works of Boris Souvarine
• An open letter from Lenin
• Article on Souvarine by Thomas Molnar