Bottlenose Dolphin
Bottlenose Dolphin breaching in the bow wave of a boat Size comparison against an average human
Conservation status
Data Deficient (IUCN 2.3)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Cetacea Family: Delphinidae Genus: Tursiops Species: T. truncatus
Binomial name
Tursiops truncatus Montagu, 1821
Bottlenose Dolphin range (in blue)

The Bottlenose Dolphin is one of the most common and well-known dolphins. Recent molecular studies show it is in fact two species, the Common Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (T. aduncus). It inhabits warm and temperate seas worldwide and may be found in all but the Arctic and the Antarctic Oceans. Download high resolution version (2587x1709, 1092 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Whales exhibit various types of physical behaviour when they surface. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn2. ... Data Deficient (DD) is a category applied by the IUCN to a species when the available information is not sufficient for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ... Suborders Mysticeti Odontoceti Archaeoceti (extinct) (see text for families) The order Cetacea (IPA: , L. cetus, whale) includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. ... Genera See text Oceanic dolphins are the members of the Delphinidae family of cetaceans. ... Latin name redirects here. ... George Montagu George Montagu (1753 - June 20, 1815) was an English naturalist. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 35 KB) Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... This article is about the dolphin mammal. ... Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level. ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... WARM is an American adult contemporary radio station based in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania broadcasting at 103. ... For the usage in virology, see temperate (virology). ... The Arctic Ocean, located in the northern hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region, is the smallest of the worlds five major oceanic divisions and the shallowest. ... The Southern Ocean is the body of water encircling the continent of Antarctica. ...

Description

The Bottlenose Dolphin is gray, varying from dark gray at the top near the dorsal fin to very light gray and almost white at the underside. This makes it hard to see, both from above and below, when swimming. Its elongated upper and lower jaws form what is called a rostrum, or beak-like snout, which gives the animal its common name, the Bottlenose dolphin. The real, functional nose is the blowhole on top of its head; in fact the nasal septum is visible when the blowhole is open. Dorsal fin of an orca A dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of fishes, whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well as the (extinct) ichthyosaurs. ... Swimmer redirects here. ... A rostrum (Latin for beak) is an anatomical structure resembling a birds beak, such as the snout of a crocodile or dolphin or the foremost extension of a crustaceans carapace. ... In biology, a blowhole is the hole at the top of a whales head through which the animal breathes air. ... The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. ...

Adults range in length from 2 to 4 meters (6 to 13 ft) and in weight from 150 to 650 kilograms (330 to 1430 lb)^[2] with males being on average slightly longer and considerably heavier than females; however, in most parts of the world the adult's length is about 2.5 m (8 ft) with weight ranges from 200 to 300 kg (440 to 660 lb). The size of a dolphin appears to vary considerably with habitat. Those dolphins in warmer, shallower waters tend to have a smaller body than their cousins in cooler pelagic waters. For example, a survey of animals in the Moray Firth in Scotland, the world's second northernmost resident dolphin population, recorded an average adult length of just under 4 m (13 ft) compared with a 2.5 m (8 ft) average in a population off the coast of Florida. Those in colder waters also have a fattier composition and blood more suited to deep-diving. Bottlenose Dolphins typically have 18%-20% of their bodyweight made up of blubber.^[3] Most research in this area has been restricted to the North Atlantic Ocean, where researchers have identified two ecotypes.^[3] This article is about the human developmental stage. ... The metre, or meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Kg redirects here. ... Look up pound in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the Male sex. ... Female is a sex that denotes an animal which produces egg cells in order to reproduce. ... For other uses of the word, see cooler (disambiguation) A cooler most commonly is an insulated box, used to keep food or drink cool. ... The pelagic zone is the part of the open sea or ocean comprising the water column, i. ... The Moray Firth is a roughly triangular area of the North Sea, north and east of Inverness. ... This article is about the country. ... For other uses, see Coast (disambiguation). ... This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ... Atlantic and North Atlantic redirect here. ... An ecotype of a species is subgroup of members of that species characterized by the ecological surroundings it inhabits. ...

The flukes (lobes of the tail) and dorsal fin are formed of dense connective tissue and do not contain bones or muscle. The animal propels itself forward by moving the flukes up and down. The pectoral flippers (at the sides of the body) are for steering; they contain bones clearly homologous to the forelimbs of land mammals (from which dolphins and all other cetaceans evolved some 50 million years ago). In fact a Bottlenose Dolphin was recently discovered in Japan that has two additional pectoral fins, or "hind legs," at the tail, appearing to be about the size of a human's pair of hands.^[4] Scientists believe that a mutation must have caused the ancient trait to reassert itself as a form of atavism. Look up Fluke in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Dorsal fin of an orca A dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of fishes, whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well as the (extinct) ichthyosaurs. ... Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. ... A miserable stubborn cantankerous old mans, whos actually quite good humoured & an enjoyable compadre to play online alongside if you catch him on a good day. ... For other uses of Muscle, see Muscle (disambiguation). ... Fish anatomy is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of water, which is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs light more than does air. ... In biology, homology is any similarity between structures that is due to their shared ancestry. ... Suborders Mysticeti Odontoceti Archaeoceti (extinct) (see text for families) The order Cetacea (IPA: , L. cetus, whale) includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. ... This article is about modern humans. ... Alternate meanings: Hand (disambiguation) A human left hand The hand (med. ... This page is about the biological term Atavism. ...

Female Bottlenose Dolphins live for about 40 years, whereas males rarely live more than 30 years.^{[citation needed]}

Bottlenose calves are born with 88 teeth.^{[citation needed]}

Taxonomy

Scientists have long been aware that the Bottlenose Dolphin might consist of more than one species. The advent of molecular genetics has allowed much greater insight into this previously intractable problem. The consensus amongst scientists is that there are two species:^[5]

• the Common Bottlenose Dolphin (T. truncatus), found in most warm to tropical oceans; colour sometimes almost blue; has a dark line from beak to blowhole, and
• the Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (T. aduncus), living in the waters around India, Australia and South-China; back is dark-grey and belly is white with grey spots.

The following are sometimes also recognized as subspecies of T. truncatus: This article is about the zoological term. ...

• the Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (T. gillii or T. truncatus gillii), living in the Pacific; has a black line from the eye to the forehead
• the Black Sea Bottlenose Dolphin (T. truncatus ponticus), living in the Black Sea.

Much of the old scientific data in the field combine data about the two species into a single group, making it effectively useless in determining the structural differences between the two species. Indeed, the IUCN lists both species as data deficient in their Red List of endangered species precisely because of this issue.^[6] For other uses, see Black Sea (disambiguation). ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. ...

Some recent genetic evidence suggests that the Indo-Pacific Bottlenose belongs in the genus Stenella, it being more like the Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis) than the Common Bottlenose.^[7] The taxonomic situation of these animals is likely to remain in flux for some time to come. Species Stenella attenuata Stenella frontalis Stenella longirostris Stenella clymene Stenella coeruleoalba Stenella is a genus in the dolphin family. ... Binomial name Cuvier, 1829 Atlantic Spotted Dolphin range Synonyms Stenella plagiodon Cope, 1866 The Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis) is a dolphin found in the Gulf Stream of the North Atlantic Ocean. ...

Behavior

An adult female Bottlenose Dolphin with her young, Moray Firth, Scotland

A Bottlenose Dolphin attacks and kills a Harbour Porpoise at Chanonry Point, Scotland

The Bottlenose Dolphin normally lives in small groups, usually containing up to 12 animals. However, group size may be highly variable since they live in fission-fusion societies within which individuals associate in small groups that change in composition, often on a daily or hourly basis.^[8][9] Typically, a group of adult females and their young live together in a pod, and juveniles in a mixed pod. Several of these pods can join together to form larger groups of one hundred dolphins or more. Males live mostly alone or in groups of 2-3 and join the pods for short periods of time. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 549 pixels Full resolution (1679 × 1153 pixel, file size: 987 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Cropped version of a picture from the English Wikipedia, http://en. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 549 pixels Full resolution (1679 × 1153 pixel, file size: 987 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Cropped version of a picture from the English Wikipedia, http://en. ... The Moray Firth is a roughly triangular area of the North Sea, north and east of Inverness. ... This article is about the country. ... Binomial name Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Harbour Porpoise range The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of six species of porpoise, and so one of about eighty cetacean species. ... Chanonry Point Adult female Bottlenose and two young Summer Time At Chanonry Point Dolphin Close to Chanonry Point Dolphins Jumping as seen from Chanonry Point Chanonry Point lies at the end of Chanonry Ness, a spit of land extending into the Moray Firth between Fortrose and Rosemarkie on the Black... This article is about the country. ...

Bottlenose Dolphins studied by researchers of the Bottlenose Dolphin Research Institute BDRIoff Sardinia island show non-random social behaviour during feeding activities and their social behaviour differs depending on the feeding activity in which they are engaged.^[10] In Sardinia the presence of a floating marine fin-fish farm, has been linked to a change in Bottlenose Dolphin distribution as a result of high fish density around the floating cages in the farming area.^[11]

The species is commonly known for its friendly character and curiosity towards humans immersed in or near water. It is not uncommon for a diver to be investigated by a group of them. Occasionally, dolphins have rescued injured divers by raising them to the surface, a behaviour they also show towards injured members of their own species. Such accounts have earned them the nickname of "Man's best friend of the sea". In November 2004, a more dramatic report of dolphin intervention came from New Zealand. Four lifeguards, swimming 100 m (328 ft) off the coast near Whangarei, were reportedly approached by a 3 m (10 ft) Great White Shark. A group of Bottlenose Dolphins, apparently sensing danger to the swimmers, herded them together and tightly surrounded them for forty minutes, preventing an attack from the shark, as they returned to shore.^[12] Whangarei, pronounced [] in Maori and [] in English (fang-a-ray; the initial consonant is pronounced /f/ in English), is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the regional capital of Northland Region. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Range (in blue) For other uses, see Great White (disambiguation). ...

Dolphins have also been documented exhibiting altruistic behavior toward other sea creatures. On Mahia Beach, New Zealand on March 10, 2008^[13] two Pygmy Sperm Whales — a female and calf — became stranded on the beach. Rescuers, including Department of Conservation officer Malcolm Smith, attempted to refloat the whales, however their efforts failed four times. Shortly before the whales were to be euthanized a playful Bottlenose Dolphin known to local residents as Moko arrived and, after seemingly communicating with the whales, led them 200 meters along a sandbar to the open sea.^[14] Binomial name Blainville, 1838 Pymgy Sperm Whale range The Pygmy Sperm Whale (Kogia breviceps) is one of three species of toothed whale in the sperm whale family. ... There are several Department of Conservations: New Zealand Department of Conservation California Department of Conservation This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Dolphins are predators however, and they also show aggressive behaviours frequently. This includes fights among males for rank and access to females, as well as aggression towards sharks, certain Orcas, and other smaller species of dolphins. During the mating season male dolphins compete very vigorously with each other through displays of toughness and size with a series of acts such as head butting. At least one population, off Scotland, has been observed to practice infanticide, and has also been filmed attacking and killing Harbour Porpoises. Researchers at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland have discovered that the local Bottlenose Dolphins attack and kill harbour porpoises without eating them due to competition for a decreasing food supply.^[15] This snapping turtle is trying to make a meal of a Canada goose, but the goose is too wary. ... For other uses, see Shark (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 Orca range (in blue) The Orca or Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) is the largest species of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... This article is about the country. ... In sociology and biology, infanticide is the practice of intentionally causing the death of an infant of a given species, by members of the same species - often by the mother. ... Binomial name Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Harbour Porpoise range The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of six species of porpoise, and so one of about eighty cetacean species. ...

Diet

Their diet consists mainly of small fish with occasional squid, crabs, shrimp, and other smaller animals. Their cone-like teeth serve to grasp but not to chew food. When a shoal of fish is found dolphins work as a team to keep the fish close together and maximize the harvest. They also search for fish alone, often bottom dwelling species. Sometimes dolphins will employ "fish whacking" whereby a fish is stunned (and sometimes thrown out of the water) with the fluke to make catching and eating the fish easier. For other uses, see Squid (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Crab (disambiguation). ... Superfamilies Alpheoidea Atyoidea Bresilioidea Campylonotoidea Crangonoidea Galatheacaridoidea Nematocarcinoidea Oplophoroidea Palaemonoidea Pandaloidea Pasiphaeoidea Procaridoidea Processoidea Psalidopodoidea Stylodactyloidea True shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. ... A group of several species of fishes which swims and congregate together. ...

Perceived conflict of interactions between common Bottlenose Dolphins and coastal, small scale commercial fisheries has been reported in a number of Mediterranean areas. Common Bottlenose Dolphins are probably attracted to fishing nets activities because they make it easier for the dolphins to exploit a concentrated food source.^[16]

Senses and communication

See also: Cetacean intelligence

The dolphin's search for food is aided by a form of echolocation similar to sonar: they locate objects by producing sounds and listening for the echo. A broadband burst pulse of clicking sounds is emitted in a focused beam in front of the dolphin. To hear the returning echo they have two small ear openings behind the eyes but most sound waves are transmitted to the inner ear through the lower jaw. As the object of interest is approached the echo grows louder, and the dolphins adjust by decreasing the intensity of the emitted sounds. (This is in contrast to the technique used by bat echolocation and human sonar where the sensitivity of the sound receptor is attenuated.) As the animal approaches the target the interclick interval also decreases, as each click is usually produced after the round-trip travel time of the previous click is completed. Details of the dolphin's echolocation, such as signal strength, spectral qualities, discrimination abilities, etc., have been well investigated by researchers.^[17] Also, Pack & Herman demonstrated that Bottlenose Dolphins are able to extract shape information from their echolocative sense, suggesting that they are able to form an "echoic image" of their targets.^[18] Cetacean intelligence denotes the cognitive capabilities of the cetacean order of mammals and especially the various species of dolphin. ... Echolocation, also called Biosonar, is the biological sonar used by several mammals such as bats (although not all species), dolphins and whales (though not baleen whales). ... This article is about underwater sound propagation. ... “Chiroptera” redirects here. ... This article is about underwater sound propagation. ...

Dolphins also have sharp eyesight. The eyes are located at the sides of the head and have a tapetum lucidum, or reflecting membrane at the back of the retina, which aids vision in dim light. Their horseshoe-shaped double-slit pupil enables the dolphin to have good vision in both in-air and underwater viewing, despite the differences in density of these media.^[19] When underwater the eyeball's lens serves to focus light, whereas in the in-air environment the typically bright light serves to contract the specialized pupil, resulting in sharpness from a smaller aperture (similar to a pinhole camera). Tapetum lucidum in a calf eye, with the retina hanging down. ... Principle of a pinhole camera. ...

By contrast their sense of smell is very poor, as would be expected since the blowhole, the analogue to the nose, is closed in the underwater environment, and opens only voluntarily for breathing. The olfactory nerves as well as the olfactory lobe in the brain are missing. Their sense of taste has not been well-studied, although dolphins have been demonstrated to be able to detect salty, sweet, bitter (quinine sulphate), and sour (citric acid) tastes. Anecdotally, some animals in captivity have been noted to have preferences for food fish types although it is not clear that this preference is mediated by taste.

Bottlenose Dolphins communicate with one another through squeaks, whistles, and body language. Examples of body language include leaping out of the water, snapping jaws, slapping tails on the surface of the water, and butting heads with one another. All of these gestures are a way for the dolphins to convey messages.^[20] The sounds and gestures that Bottlenose Dolphins produce help keep track of other dolphins in the group and alert other dolphins to possible dangers and nearby food. They produce sounds using six air sacs near their blow hole (they lack vocal cords). Each animal has a characteristic frequency-modulated narrow-band signature vocalization (signature whistle) which is uniquely identifying. Other communication uses about 30 distinguishable sounds, and although famously proposed by John Lilly in the 1950s, a "dolphin language" has not been found. However, Herman, Richards, & Wolz demonstrated the comprehension of an artificial language by two Bottlenose Dolphins (named Akeakamai and Phoenix) in the period of skepticism toward animal language following Herbert Terrace's critique.^[21] Laryngoscopic view of the vocal folds. ... John Cunningham Lilly (January 6, 1915 – September 30, 2001) was an American physician, psychoanalyst and writer. ... Louis Herman is a researcher in of dolphin sensory abilities, dolphin cognition, and humpback whales. ... Akeakamai was a female Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, who along with a companion female dolphin named Phoenix, were the subjects Louis Hermans animal language studies at the Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory in Honolulu, Hawaii. ... Animal language is the modeling of human language in non human animal systems. ...

Respiration and Sleep

The Bottlenose dolphin has a single blowhole located on the dorsal surface of the head consisting of a hole and a muscular flap. The flap is closed during muscle relaxation and opens during contraction.^[22] A dolphin is able to exchange 80% or more of its lung air with each breathe; constrastly, humans are only able to exchange 17%. The exhale-inhale cycle lasts approximately 0.3 seconds. The Bottlenose dolphin typically rises to the surface to breathe through its blowhole 2-3 times per minute;^[23] if necessary, it has the ability to remain submerged for up to 20 minutes.^[24] As a direct result of the voluntary breathing requirement scientists have determined that during the sleeping cycle one brain hemisphere remains active while the other hemisphere shuts down.^[25] The sleeping cycle lasts for approximately 8 hours during each 24 hour period, in increments of several minutes (or less) to several hours. During the sleeping cycle dolphins remain near the surface swimming slowly or "logging", occasionally closing one eye.^[26] A blowhole is a cavity formed in the ground at the inland end of a sea cave. ... A blowhole is a cavity formed in the ground at the inland end of a sea cave. ...

Reproduction

Mother and juvenile Bottlenose Dolphins head to the seafloor.

The male has two slits on the underside of the body: one concealing the penis and one further behind for the anus. The female has one genital slit, housing the vagina and the anus. A mammary slit is positioned on either side of the female's genital slit. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1220x1792, 1664 KB) Mother and juvenile bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) head to the seafloor. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1220x1792, 1664 KB) Mother and juvenile bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) head to the seafloor. ... The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external male sexual organ. ... This article is about the bodily orifice. ... A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, narrowly defined, is any of those parts of the body (which are not always bodily organs according to the strict definition) which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in an complex organism; namely: Male: penis (notably the glans penis... The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ...

Courtship behaviour of the male includes clinging along to the female, posing for the female, stroking, rubbing, nuzzling, mouthing, jaw clapping, and yelping. Copulation is preceded by lengthy foreplay; then the two animals arrange belly to belly, and the penis extends out of its slit and is inserted into the vagina. The act lasts only 10-30 seconds, but it is repeated numerous times with a several minutes break in between each. A pair of lions copulating in the Maasai Mara, Kenya. ...

The average gestation period is 12 months. The young are born in shallow water, sometimes assisted by a "midwife" (which may be male). A single calf is born, about 1 m (3 ft) long at birth. Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. ...

To speed up the nursing process, the mother can eject milk from her mammary glands. There are two slits, one on either side of the genital slit, each housing one nipple. The calf is nursed for 12 to 18 months. Mammary glands are the organs that, in the female mammal, produce milk for the sustenance of the young. ... This article is about the anatomical structure. ...

The young live closely with their mother for up to 6 years; the males are not involved in the raising of their mother's subsequent offspring. The females become sexually mature at age 5-12, the males a bit later, at age 9-13.

Janet Mann, a professor of biology and psychology at Georgetown University, argues that the strong personal behaviour among male dolphin calves is about bond formation and benefits the species in an evolutionary context. She cites studies showing that these dolphins later in life as adults are inseparable, and the male bonds forged earlier in life work together for protection as well as locating females to reproduce with.^[27]

Male Bottlenose Dolphins have been observed working in pairs or larger groups to follow and/or restrict the movement of a female for weeks at a time, waiting for her to become sexually receptive. The same dolphins have also been observed engaging in ardent sexual play with each other.^{[citation needed]}

Intelligence

Cognition

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Cognitive abilities investigated in the dolphin include concept formation, sensory skills, and the use of mental representation of dolphins. Such research has been ongoing from the late 1970s through to the present, and include the specific areas of: acoustic mimicry, behavioural mimicry (inter- and intra-specific), comprehension of novel sequences in an artificial language (including non finite state grammars as well as novel anomalous sequences), memory, monitoring of self behaviours (including reporting on these, as well as avoiding or repeating them), reporting on the presence and absence of objects, object categorization, discrimination and matching (identity matching to sample, delayed matching to sample, arbitrary matching to sample, matching across echolocation and vision, reporting that no identity match exists, etc.), synchronous creative behaviours between two animals, comprehension of symbols for various body parts, comprehension of the pointing gesture and gaze (as made by dolphins or humans), problem solving, echolocative eavesdropping, attention, mirror self-recognition, and more. Recent research has shown that dolphins are capable of comprehending numerical values. In an experiment where a dolphin was shown two panels with a various number of dots of different size and position, the dolphin was able to touch the panel with a greater number of dots, much more rapidly than many human beings could do. Look up Cognition in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Concept (disambiguation). ... Animal language is the modeling of human language in non human animal systems. ... For other uses, see Memory (disambiguation). ... In psychology, the term displacement is an unconscious defence mechanism, whereby the mind redirects emotion from a dangerous object to a safe object. ... For Wikipedias categorization projects, see Wikipedia:Categorization. ... Echolocation, also called Biosonar, is the biological sonar used by several mammals such as bats (although not all species), dolphins and whales (though not baleen whales). ... In psychology, visual perception is the ability to interpret information from visible light reaching the eyes. ... This article is about psychological concept of attention. ... The mirror-recognition test for self-awareness tests an animals ability to recognize itself as itself when looking in a mirror. ...

Tool use and culture

In 1997, tool use was described in Bottlenose Dolphins in Shark Bay. A dolphin will stick a marine sponge on its rostrum, presumably to protect it when searching for food in the sandy sea bottom.^[28] The behavior has only been observed in this bay, and is almost exclusively shown by females. This is the only known case of tool use in marine mammals outside of Sea Otters. An elaborate study in 2005 showed that mothers most likely teach the behaviour to their daughters.^[29] Subsets of populations in Mauritania are known to engage in interspecific cooperative fishing with human fishermen. The dolphins drive a school of fish towards the shore where humans await with their nets. In the confusion of casting nets, the dolphins catch a large number of fish as well. Intraspecific cooperative foraging techniques have also been observed, and some propose that these behaviours are transmitted through cultural means. Rendell & Whitehead have proposed a structure for the study of culture in cetaceans,^[30] although this view has been controversial (e.g. see Premack & Hauser). Shark Bay is a world heritage site and a locality in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. ... Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ... Binomial name Enhydra lutris (Linnaeus, 1758) The Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris) is a large otter native to the North Pacific, from northern Japan and Kamchatka west across the Aleutian Islands south to California. ...

Natural predators

Large shark species such as the tiger shark, the dusky shark, and the bull shark prey on the Bottlenose Dolphin, especially the young. However, the dolphin is far from helpless against its predators and it has been known to fight back through charges; indeed, dolphin 'mobbing' behavior of sharks can occasionally prove fatal for the shark. Even a single adult dolphin is dangerous prey for a shark of similar size. Certain (but not all) orcas may also prey on dolphins, but this seems very rare. While certain orcas that eat other mammals prey on the dolphin, other non-mammal eating orcas have been seen swimming with dolphins. For other uses, see Shark (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tiger shark (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Carcharhinus obscurus (Lesueur, 1818) Range of dusky shark The dusky shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, is one of the larger species of shark, reaching 350 kg. ... Binomial name (Müller and Henle, 1839) Range of bull shark The bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, also known as the bull whaler, Zambezi shark or informally Zambi in Africa and Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is common worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers. ... Binomial name Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 Orca range (in blue) The Orca or Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) is the largest species of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ...

Swimming in pods allows dolphins to better defend themselves against predators. Bottlenose Dolphins either use complex evasive strategies to outswim their predators or they will batter the predator to death. Bottlenose Dolphins will also aid their injured by holding injured dolphins above water for air.^[31]

Conservation

Bottlenose Dolphins are not endangered. Their future is currently foreseen to be stable because of their abundance and high adaptability. However, some specific populations are threatened due to various environmental changes. For example, the population in the Moray Firth in Scotland is estimated to consist of around 150 animals and to be declining by around 6% per year due to the impact of harassment and traumatic death, water pollution and reduction in food availability. Less local climate change such as increasing water temperature may also play a role.^[32] The Moray Firth is a roughly triangular area of the North Sea, north and east of Inverness. ... This article is about the country. ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 450,000 years For current global climate change, see Global warming. ...

In U.S. waters, hunting and harassing of marine mammals is forbidden in almost all circumstances. The international trade in dolphins is also tightly controlled. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...

High levels of metal contaminants have been measured in Bottlenose Dolphin tissues in many areas of the globe. A recent study found very high levels of cadmium and mercury in Bottlenose Dolphins from South Australia.^[33]

Bottlenose Dolphins and humans

K-Dog, trained by the US Navy to find mines and boobytraps underwater, leaping out of the water

Bottlenose Dolphins are still occasionally killed in dolphin drive hunts for their meat or because they compete for fish. Bottlenose Dolphins (and several other dolphin species) often travel together with tuna, and since the dolphins are much easier to spot than the tuna, fishermen commonly encircle dolphins to catch tuna, sometimes resulting in the death of dolphins. This has led to boycotts of tuna products and a "dolphin-safe" label for tuna caught with methods that do not endanger dolphins. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (665x800, 148 KB) Summary Bottlenose dolphin of the NMMP on mineclearance operations, with locator beacon. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (665x800, 148 KB) Summary Bottlenose dolphin of the NMMP on mineclearance operations, with locator beacon. ... The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ... Dolphin drive hunting is a method of hunting dolphins used by fishermen in several towns in Japan and a few other places around the world. ... For other uses, see Dolphin (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tuna (disambiguation). ... Look up Boycott in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Bottlenose Dolphins (as well as other dolphins) are often trained to perform in dolphin shows. Some animal welfare activists claim that the dolphins there are not adequately challenged and that the pools are too small; others maintain that the dolphins are well cared for and enjoy living and working with humans. Animal welfare is the viewpoint that animals, especially those under human care, should not suffer. ...

Eight Bottlenose Dolphins that were washed out of their aquarium pool during the devastating August 2005 strike of Hurricane Katrina were later found alive by rescue forces, huddled together in coastal waters near their former home in Gulfport, Mississippi, USA.^[34] “Aquaria” redirects here. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. ... Gulfport is the name of some places in the United States of America: Gulfport, Florida Gulfport, Mississippi This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized...

Direct interaction with dolphins is used in the therapy of severely handicapped children and adults, and many^{[citation needed]} report it as having a highly positive effect.

The military of the United States and Russia train Bottlenose Dolphins as military dolphins for wartime tasks such as locating sea mines or detecting and marking enemy divers. The USA's program is the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, located in San Diego, California. The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... // History Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, the Russians have discussed rebuilding a viable, cohesive fighting force out of the remaining parts of the former Soviet armed forces. ... A U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program dolphin named K-Dog wearing a locating pinger, performed mine clearance work in the Persian Gulf during the Iraq War. ... The U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program (NMMP) is a program administered by the U.S. Navy which studies the military use of marine mammals  — principally Bottlenose Dolphins and California Sea Lions  — and trains circus animals to perform tasks such as ship and harbor protection, mine detection and clearance, and... San Diego redirects here. ...

In the town of Laguna in south Brazil, a pod of Bottlenose Dolphins is known to drive fish towards fishermen who stand at the beach in shallow waters. One dolphin will then roll over, which the fishermen take as sign to throw out their nets. The dolphins feed on the escaping fish. The dolphins were not trained for this behaviour; the collaboration has been going on at least since 1847. Similar cooperative fisheries also exist in Africa, and have been reported through recorded history.^{[citation needed]} Laguna is a Brazilian city located in the southern state of Santa Catarina, located 120 kilometers south of the states capital, Florianópolis. ...

A dolphin with an extra set of fins was found in Wakayama, Japan on October 28 2006. Scientists are researching and have found that they may be the remains of hind legs. The dolphin is alive and will go through X-Ray and DNA tests.^[35]

In New Zealand there was a very famous dolphin by the name of Opo or her long name Opo the Dolphin. She was friendly to the locals and when she died they honoured her with a statue of her, including a child on her back and she was also honoured with a public funeral. There is also a NZ folk song about her. Maori believed that she was a messenger from one of the first people who discovered New Zealand. Opo was a bottlenose dolphin who became famous throughout New Zealand during the summer of 1955-56 for playing with the children of the small town of Opononi on the Hokianga harbour. ...

Bottlenose Dolphins in popular culture

Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.

• The popular television show Flipper, created by Ivan Tors, portrayed a Bottlenose Dolphin in a friendly relationship with two boys, Sandy and Bud; a kind of seagoing Lassie, Flipper understood English unusually well and was a marked hero: "Go tell Dad we're in trouble, Flipper! Hurry!" The show's theme song contains the lyric no one you see / is smarter than he. The television show was based on a 1963 film, and remade as a feature film in 1996 starring Elijah Wood and Paul Hogan, as well as a television series running from 1995-2000 starring Jessica Alba.^[36]

• Ensign Darwin was a Bottlenose Dolphin crew member of seaQuest on the television series seaQuest DSV. Thanks to an invention by Lucas Wolenczak (Jonathan Brandis), Darwin could communicate verbally with the crew. Darwin was not played by a real dolphin; it was an animatronic.

• Bottlenose Dolphins have appeared in the film adaptation of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy as well as the novel and one of its sequels, So Long, and Thanks For All the Fish. The dolphins are very intelligent creatures who tried in vain to warn humans of the impending destruction of Earth before making their own escape. However, their behaviour was misinterpreted as playful acrobatics. In particular, dolphins are noted to be the second most intelligent species on the planet Earth, ahead of humans, who ranked third.

• The science fiction video game series Ecco the Dolphin, published by Sega, stars Ecco, a young adult male Bottlenose Dolphin. The series also features societies of sapient cetaceans, time travel, and malevolent space aliens.

• Zeus and Roxanne, an HBO TV movie about a female Bottlenose Dolphin (Roxanne) and a male dog (Zeus) becoming friends. The film stars Steve Guttenberg and Kathleen Quinlan.

• In David Brin's series of Uplift Universe novels, one of the two species that humans have uplifted to sentience are the Bottlenose Dolphin (the other species is the chimpanzee). Numerous Bottlenose Dolphins are central characters in his book Startide Rising.

• Dolphins are some of the primary characters in Anne McCaffrey's "The Dolphins of Pern" book, one of the books in the "Dragonriders of Pern" series (published by Del Rey). In the novel, Dolphins have been treated by a process to enhance intelligence slightly and allow them to communicate vocally with humans before coming with the colonists to the planet Pern. Dolphins are also mentioned the books "Dragonsdawn" and "Chronicles of Pern: First Fall" in the same series.

• In Treehouse of Horror XI, Segment 3 in The Simpsons, Dolphins reveal to humans that they could talk and that they once lived on land, but were driven into the sea by humans. They later successfully drive the humans (the townsfolk of Springfield) into the sea while they took over dry land.

Factual descriptions of the Bottlenose Dolphin date back into antiquity - the writings of Aristotle, Oppian and Pliny the Elder all mention the species.^[37] Flipper is an American television program first broadcast on NBC from September 18, 1964 until April 15, 1967. ... Ivan Tors (born Budapest, Hungary June 12, 1916 - June 4, 1983) was in his life an animal trainer, playwright, screenwriter, radio writer and film and television producer. ... Lassie was a American television series which originally aired from 1954 to 1974. ... Flipper is an American feature film (1963) written by Ricou Browning and Jack Cowden, and directed by James B. Clark. ... Flipper is a 1996 remake of the 1963 Flipper, starring Elijah Wood. ... Elijah Jordan Wood (born January 28, 1981) is an American actor. ... Paul Hogan starring as Crocodile Dundee. ... Jessica Marie Alba (born April 28, 1981) is an American actress. ... This section has been identified as trivia. ... Lucas Wolenczak was a character on the television series seaQuest DSV, played by Jonathan Brandis. ... Jonathan Gregory Brandis (April 13, 1976 – November 12, 2003) was an American film and television actor. ... Audio-Animatronics is the registered trademark for a form of robotics created by Walt Disney Imagineering for shows and attractions at Disney theme parks, and subsequently expanded on and used by other companies. ... The cover of the first novel in the Hitchhikers series, from a late 1990s printing. ... So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish (1984, ISBN 0-345-39183-7) is the fourth book of the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy series written by Douglas Adams. ... High wire act Acrobatics (from Greek Akros, high and bat, walking) is one of the performing arts, and is also practiced as a sport. ... Computer and video games redirects here. ... Ecco the Dolphin is the collective name given to a series of video games published by Sega which primarily take place underwater. ... This article is about the video game company. ... Zeus and Roxanne was a 1997 film directed by George Miller. ... For other uses, see HBO (disambiguation). ... Steven Robert Guttenberg (born August 24, 1958) is an American film and television actor. ... Kathleen Denise Quinlan (born November 19, 1954) is an Oscar nominated American actress, mostly seen on television and in motion pictures. ... Glen David Brin, Ph. ... The Uplift Universe is a fictional universe created by science fiction writer David Brin. ... In science fiction, biological uplift is a common but by no means universal term for the act of an advanced civilization helping the development of another species by bringing a non-sapient one into sentience, or by giving a sapient one spacefaring capabilities. ... Not to be confused with sapience. ... Type species Simia troglodytes Blumenbach, 1775 distribution of Species Pan troglodytes Pan paniscus Chimpanzee, often shortened to chimp, is the common name for the two extant species of apes in the genus Pan. ... Startide Rising is a 1983 science fiction novel by David Brin and the second book of six set in his Uplift Universe (preceded by Sundiver and followed by The Uplift War). ... Anne Inez McCaffrey (born April 1, 1926) is an American science fiction author best known for her Dragonriders of Pern series. ... The Dolphins of Pern is a fantasy/science fiction novel by Anne McCaffrey that was first published in 1994. ... The Dragonriders of Pern is an extensive fantasy/science fiction series of novels and short stories primarily written by Anne McCaffrey. ... Pern is a fictional planet in the universe created by science fiction writer Anne McCaffrey for her Dragonriders of Pern series of novels. ... Treehouse of Horror XI is the first episode of The Simpsons twelfth season, as well as the eleventh Halloween episode. ... For other uses, see Aristotle (disambiguation). ... OPPIAN (Gr. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ...

See also

• Cetacean intelligence
• Dolphinarium
• Audiograms in mammals

Cetacean intelligence denotes the cognitive capabilities of the cetacean order of mammals and especially the various species of dolphin. ... Dolphinarium is a great aquarium for dolphins. ... // An audiogram is used to show the quietest sounds someone can hear at different frequencies Hz (pitches). ...

References

General references

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the unrelated theme park with a similar name in Australia, see Sea World. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Busch Gardens is the name of two amusement parks in the United States owned and operated by Busch Entertainment Corporation, a division of Anheuser-Busch. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... HowStuffWorks is a website created by Marshall Brain but now owned by the Convex Group. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, usually referred to as PNAS, is the official journal of the United States National Academy of Sciences. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) [1] is an online database of information about actors, movies, television shows, television stars and video games. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Cetaceans Portal

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Tursiops truncatus

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• Tursiops.org: Current Cetacean-related news
• Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose dolphin) Photo Gallery
• ARKive Photographs, video.

This image shows the fluke of Sperm Whale as it begins a dive into the Gulf of Mexico. ... Image File history File links Wikispecies-logo. ... Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation that aims to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species (including animalia, plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protista). ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 151 languages. ... Suborders Mysticeti Odontoceti Archaeoceti (extinct) (see text for families) The order Cetacea (IPA: , L. cetus, whale) includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. ... Diversity Around 15 species; see list of cetaceans or below. ... Species  Balaena mysticetus  Eubalaena australis  Eubalaena glacialis  Eubalaena japonica Northern Right Whale range Southern Right Whale range The right whales are marine mammals belonging to the family Balaenidae. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Bowhead whale range The Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus), also known as Greenland Right Whale or Arctic Whale, is a baleen whale of the right whale family Balaenidae. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Bowhead whale range The Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus), also known as Greenland Right Whale or Arctic Whale, is a baleen whale of the right whale family Balaenidae. ... It has been suggested that Balaenidae be merged into this article or section. ... Species  Balaena mysticetus  Eubalaena australis  Eubalaena glacialis  Eubalaena japonica Northern Right Whale range Southern Right Whale range The right whales are marine mammals belonging to the family Balaenidae. ... Binomial name Range map. ... Species  Balaena mysticetus  Eubalaena australis  Eubalaena glacialis  Eubalaena japonica Northern Right Whale range Southern Right Whale range The right whales are marine mammals belonging to the family Balaenidae. ... Genera Balaenoptera Megaptera Rorquals are the largest group of baleen whales, with nine species in two genera. ... Genera Balaenoptera Megaptera Rorquals are the largest group of baleen whales, with nine species in two genera. ... Finback redirects here. ... Binomial name Balaenoptttera borealis Lesson, 1828 Sei Whale range The Sei Whaile or Say Whale, (Balaenoptera borealis) is a big large baleen whale, and as such is one of the stupiest animals in the world. ... Binomial name Balaenoptera brydei Olsen, 1913 Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1879 Brydes Whale range Bryde’s Whales are the least-known and in many ways the most unusual of the rorquals. ... Binomial name Balaenoptera brydei Olsen, 1913 Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1879 Brydes Whale range Bryde’s Whales are the least-known and in many ways the most unusual of the rorquals. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue Whale range Subspecies B. m. ... Binomial name Lacepede, 1804 Balaenoptera bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 Minke Whale range Antarctic Minke Whale range Dwarf Minke Whale range The Minke Whale or Lesser Rorqual is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales. ... Binomial name Lacepede, 1804 Balaenoptera bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 Minke Whale range Antarctic Minke Whale range Dwarf Minke Whale range The Minke Whale or Lesser Rorqual is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales. ... Binomial name Balaenoptera omurai Wada , 2003 Balaenoptera omurai is a species of whale about which almost nothing is known. ... Binomial name Borowski, 1781 Humpback Whale range The Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a baleen whale. ... Binomial name Borowski, 1781 Humpback Whale range The Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a baleen whale. ... Binomial name Eschrichtius robustus Lilljeborg, 1861 Gray Whale range The Gray Whale or Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus), more recently called the Eastern Pacific Gray Whale, is a whale that travels between feeding and breeding grounds yearly. ... Binomial name Eschrichtius robustus Lilljeborg, 1861 Gray Whale range The Gray Whale or Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus), more recently called the Eastern Pacific Gray Whale, is a whale that travels between feeding and breeding grounds yearly. ... Binomial name Eschrichtius robustus Lilljeborg, 1861 Gray Whale range The Gray Whale or Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus), more recently called the Eastern Pacific Gray Whale, is a whale that travels between feeding and breeding grounds yearly. ... Binomial name Caperea marginata Gray, 1846 Pygmy Right Whale The Pygmy Right Whale (Caperea marginata) is a baleen whale and as such is a marine mammal of the order Cetacea. ... Binomial name Caperea marginata Gray, 1846 Pygmy Right Whale The Pygmy Right Whale (Caperea marginata) is a baleen whale and as such is a marine mammal of the order Cetacea. ... Binomial name Caperea marginata Gray, 1846 Pygmy Right Whale The Pygmy Right Whale (Caperea marginata) is a baleen whale and as such is a marine mammal of the order Cetacea. ... Families See text. ... Genera See text. ... Binomial name Peponocephala electra (Gray, 1846) Melon-headed Whale range The Melon-headed Whale (Peponocephala electra) is a cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Peponocephala electra (Gray, 1846) Melon-headed Whale range The Melon-headed Whale (Peponocephala electra) is a cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 Orca range (in blue) The Orca or Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) is the largest species of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 Orca range (in blue) The Orca or Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) is the largest species of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Feresa attenuata Gray, 1875 Pygmy Killer Whale range The Pygmy Killer Whale (Feresa attenuata) is a small, rarely-seen cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Feresa attenuata Gray, 1875 Pygmy Killer Whale range The Pygmy Killer Whale (Feresa attenuata) is a small, rarely-seen cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name (Owen, 1846) False Killer Whale range The False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) is a cetacean and one of the larger members of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name (Owen, 1846) False Killer Whale range The False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) is a cetacean and one of the larger members of the oceanic dolphin family (Delphinidae). ... Binomial name Globicephala macrorhynchus Gray, 1846 Short-finned Pilot Whale range Globicephala melas Traill, 1809 Long-finned Pilot Whale range Calderón redirects here. ... Binomial name Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned Pilot Whale range Binomial name Globicephala melas Long-finned Pilot Whale range A Pilot Whale is one of two species of cetacean in the genus Globicephala. ... Binomial name Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned Pilot Whale range Binomial name Globicephala melas Long-finned Pilot Whale range A Pilot Whale is one of two species of cetacean in the genus Globicephala. ... Binomial name Gray, 1828 Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Short-beaked Common Dolphin range The Common Dolphin is the name given to up to three species of dolphin making up the genus Delphinus. ... Binomial name Gray, 1828 Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Short-beaked Common Dolphin range The Common Dolphin is the name given to up to three species of dolphin making up the genus Delphinus. ... Binomial name Gray, 1828 Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Short-beaked Common Dolphin range The Common Dolphin is the name given to up to three species of dolphin making up the genus Delphinus. ... Northern and Southern Right Whale Dolphin ranges Species Lissodelphis borealis (Peale, 1848) Lissodelphis peronii (Lacépède, 1804) The right whale dolphins, the Northern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis borealis) and the Southern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis peronii), are two of the easiest cetaceans to identify at sea. ... Binomial name Lissodelphis borealis Northern Right Whale Dolphin range Binomial name Lissodelphis peronii Southern Right Whale Doplhin range The right whale dolphins, the Northern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis borealis) and the Southern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis peroni), are two of the easiest cetaceans to identify at sea. ... Binomial name Lissodelphis borealis Northern Right Whale Dolphin range Binomial name Lissodelphis peronii Southern Right Whale Doplhin range The right whale dolphins, the Northern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis borealis) and the Southern Right Whale Dolphin (Lissodelphis peroni), are two of the easiest cetaceans to identify at sea. ... Binomial name Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais & Deville, 1853) Tucuxi range The Tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis) is a dolphin found both in the rivers of the Amazon Basin and in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America. ... Binomial name Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais & Deville, 1853) Tucuxi range The Tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis) is a dolphin found both in the rivers of the Amazon Basin and in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America. ... Binomial name Osbeck, 1765 Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Chinese White Dolphin) range Sousa plumbea Cuvier, 1829 Indian Humpback Dolphin range Sousa teuszi Kükenthal, 1892 Atlantic Humpback Dolphin range The Humpback Dolphin is a member of the genus Sousa. ... Binomial name Osbeck, 1765 Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Chinese White Dolphin) range Sousa plumbea Cuvier, 1829 Indian Humpback Dolphin range Sousa teuszi Kükenthal, 1892 Atlantic Humpback Dolphin range The Humpback Dolphin is a member of the genus Sousa. ... Binomial name Osbeck, 1765 Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Chinese White Dolphin) range Sousa plumbea Cuvier, 1829 Indian Humpback Dolphin range Sousa teuszi Kükenthal, 1892 Atlantic Humpback Dolphin range The Humpback Dolphin is a member of the genus Sousa. ... Binomial name Osbeck, 1765 Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Chinese White Dolphin) range Sousa plumbea Cuvier, 1829 Indian Humpback Dolphin range Sousa teuszi Kükenthal, 1892 Atlantic Humpback Dolphin range The Humpback Dolphin is a member of the genus Sousa. ... Species Stenella attenuata Stenella frontalis Stenella longirostris Stenella clymene Stenella coeruleoalba Stenella is a genus in the dolphin family. ... Binomial name Cuvier, 1829 Atlantic Spotted Dolphin range Synonyms Stenella plagiodon Cope, 1866 The Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis) is a dolphin found in the Gulf Stream of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Stenella clymene Clymene Dolphin range The Clymene Dolphin (Stenella clymene), in some texts known as the Short-snouted Spinner Dolphin, is dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Stenella attenuata (Gray, 1846) Pantropical Spotted Dolphin range The Pantropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata) is a species of dolphin found in all the worlds temperate and tropical oceans. ... Binomial name (Gray, 1828) Spinner Dolphin range The Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris) is a small dolphin found in off-shore tropical waters around the world. ... Binomial name Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) Striped Dolphin range The Striped Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) is an extensively studied dolphin that is found in temperate and tropical waters of all the worlds oceans. ... Binomial name Steno bredanensis Lesson, 1828 Rough-toothed Dolphin range The Rough-toothed Dolphin (Steno bredanensis) is a fairly large dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. ... Binomial name Steno bredanensis Lesson, 1828 Rough-toothed Dolphin range The Rough-toothed Dolphin (Steno bredanensis) is a fairly large dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world. ... Species Cephalorhyncus commersonii Cephalorhyncus eutropia Cephalorhyncus heavisidii Cephalorhyncus hectori Cephalorhynchus is a genus in the Delphinidae (dolphin) family. ... Binomial name Cephalorhynchus eutropia Gray, 1846 Chilean Dolphin range The Chilean Dolphin (Cephalorhynchus eutropia), also known as the Black Dolphin (although this name has fallen out of favour in scientific circles), is one of four dolphins in the Cephalorhynchus genus. ... Binomial name Cephalorhynchus commersonii Lacépède, 1804 Commersons Dolphin range Commersons Dolphin (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) is one of four dolphins in the Cephalorhynchus genus. ... Binomial name Cephalorhynchus heavisidii Gray, 1828 Heavisides Dolphin range Heavisides Dolphin (Cephalorhynchus heavisidii) is a small dolphin that is found off the coast of Namibia and the west coast of South Africa. ... Binomial name Van Beneden, 1881 Hectors Dolphin range Hectors Dolphin or White-headed Dolphin (Cephalorhynchus hectori) is the most well-known of the four dolphins in the genus Cephalorhynchus. ... Binomial name (G. Cuvier, 1812) Rissos Dolphin range The Rissos Dolphin (Grampus griseus) is the only species of dolphin in the genus Grampus. ... Binomial name (G. Cuvier, 1812) Rissos Dolphin range The Rissos Dolphin (Grampus griseus) is the only species of dolphin in the genus Grampus. ... Binomial name Lagenodelphis hosei Frasers Dolphin range Frasers Dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei) is a cetacean in the genus Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. ... Binomial name Lagenodelphis hosei Frasers Dolphin range Frasers Dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei) is a cetacean in the genus Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. ... Species Lagenorhynchus albirostris Lagenorhynchus acutus Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Lagenorhynchus obscurus Lagenorhynchus australis Lagenorhynchus cruciger Lagenorhynchus is a genus in the order cetacea containing six closely related species. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus acutus (Gray, 1828) Atlantic White-sided Dolphin range The Atlantic White-sided Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) is a distinctively coloured dolphin found in the cool to temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus obscurus Gray, 1828 Dusky Dolphin range The Dusky Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) is a highly gregarious and acrobatic dolphin found in coastal waters in the Southern Hemisphere. ... This article is about the dolphin. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus obliquidens (Gill, 1865) Pacific White-sided Dolphin range The Pacific White-sided Dolphin (Lagenorynchus obliquidens) is a very active dolphin found in the cool to temperate waters of the North Pacific Ocean. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus australis (Peale, 1848) Peales Dolphin range The Peales Dolphin (Lagenorynchus australis) is a small dolphin found in the waters around Tierra del Fuego at the foot of South America. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus albirostris (Gray, 1846) White-beaked Dolphin range The White-beaked Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) is a marine mammal belonging to the family Delphinidae (dolphins) in the suborder of the Odontoceti, or toothed whales. ... Species Irrawaddy Dolphin () Australian Snubfin Dolphin () The Snubfin Dolphins (Orcaella) are a genus of dolphins, long believed to be monotypic, the only species being the Irrawaddy Dolphin. ... Binomial name Orcaella brevirostris Gray, 1866 Irrawaddy Dolphin range The Irrawaddy Dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) is a species of dolphin found near coasts and in estuaries in parts of south-east Asia. ... Binomial name Orcaella heinsohni Beasley, Robertson, Arnold, 2005 The Australian Snubfin Dolphin (Orcaella heinsohni) is a recently recognised species of dolphin first described in 2005. ... Families See text. ... Genera Delphinapterus Monodon The cetacean family Monodontidae comprises two unusual whale species, the Narwhal, in which the male has a long tusk, and the white Beluga. ... Binomial name (Pallas, 1776) Beluga range This article is about the whale. ... Binomial name (Pallas, 1776) Beluga range This article is about the whale. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Narwhal range (in blue) The Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is an Arctic species of cetacean. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Narwhal range (in blue) The Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is an Arctic species of cetacean. ... Genera Neophocaena Phocoena - Harbor porpoise Phocoenoides - Dalls porpoise The porpoises are small cetaceans of the family Phocoenidae; they are related to whales and dolphins. ... Binomial name Neophocaena phocaeniodes (G. Cuvier, 1829) Finless Porpoise range The Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaeniodes) is one of six porpoise species. ... Binomial name Neophocaena phocaeniodes (G. Cuvier, 1829) Finless Porpoise range The Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaeniodes) is one of six porpoise species. ... Genera Neophocaena Phocoena - Harbor porpoise Phocoenoides - Dalls porpoise The porpoises are small cetaceans of the family Phocoenidae; they are related to whales and dolphins. ... Binomial name Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Harbour Porpoise range The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of six species of porpoise, and so one of about eighty cetacean species. ... Binomial name Phocoena sinus Norris & McFarland, 1958 Vaquita range The Vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is a rare species of porpoise. ... Binomial name Phocoena dioptrica Lahille, 1912 Spectacled Porpoise range The Spectacled Porpoise (Phocoena dioptrica) is a rarely seen member of the porpoise family. ... Binomial name Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeisters Porpoise range Burmeisters Porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis) is a species of porpoise endemic to the coast of South America. ... Binomial name (True, 1885) Dalls Porpoise range Dalls Porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) is a species of porpoise that came to worldwide attention in the 1970s. ... Binomial name (True, 1885) Dalls Porpoise range Dalls Porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) is a species of porpoise that came to worldwide attention in the 1970s. ... Families and genera Kogiidae Gill, 1871   Kogia Physeteridae Gray, 1821   Physeter The sperm whale family or simply the sperm whales is the collective name given to three species of whale, the Sperm Whale, the Pygmy Sperm Whale and the Dwarf Sperm Whale. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Sperm whale range (in blue) The sperm whale (Physeter catodon) is the largest of all toothed whales, making them the Earths largest living carnivore and largest living toothed animal. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Sperm whale range (in blue) The sperm whale (Physeter catodon) is the largest of all toothed whales, making them the Earths largest living carnivore and largest living toothed animal. ... Families and genera Kogiidae Gill, 1871   Kogia Physeteridae Gray, 1821   Physeter The sperm whale family or simply the sperm whales is the collective name given to three species of whale, the Sperm Whale, the Pygmy Sperm Whale and the Dwarf Sperm Whale. ... Families and genera Kogiidae Gill, 1871   Kogia Physeteridae Gray, 1821   Physeter The sperm whale family or simply the sperm whales is the collective name given to three species of whale, the Sperm Whale, the Pygmy Sperm Whale and the Dwarf Sperm Whale. ... Binomial name Blainville, 1838 Pymgy Sperm Whale range The Pygmy Sperm Whale (Kogia breviceps) is one of three species of toothed whale in the sperm whale family. ... Binomial name Kogia sima Owen, 1866 Dwarf Sperm Whale range The Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia sima) is one of three species of whale in the sperm whale family. ... Genera Berardius Hyperoodon Indopacetus Mesoplodon Tasmacetus Ziphius A beaked whale is any of at least 20 species of small whale in the family Ziphiidae. ... Binomial name Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 Arnouxs Beaked Whale range Berardius bairdii Stejneger, 1883 Bairds Beaked Whale range The genus Berardius contains two species of beaked whale, Bairds Beaked Whale and Arnouxs Beaked Whale. ... Binomial name Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 Arnouxs Beaked Whale range Berardius bairdii Stejneger, 1883 Bairds Beaked Whale range The genus Berardius contains two species of beaked whale, Bairds Beaked Whale and Arnouxs Beaked Whale. ... Binomial name Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 Arnouxs Beaked Whale range Berardius bairdii Stejneger, 1883 Bairds Beaked Whale range The genus Berardius contains two species of beaked whale, Bairds Beaked Whale and Arnouxs Beaked Whale. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Binomial name Indopacetus pacificus Longman, 1926 Longmans Beaked Whale range Longmans Beaked Whale, commonly also called the Indo-Pacific Beaked Whale either has the specific name Indopacetus pacificus or Mesoplodon pacificus, depending whether the animal is classified as a mesoplodont whale or not. ... Binomial name Indopacetus pacificus Longman, 1926 Longmans Beaked Whale range Longmans Beaked Whale, commonly also called the Indo-Pacific Beaked Whale either has the specific name Indopacetus pacificus or Mesoplodon pacificus, depending whether the animal is classified as a mesoplodont whale or not. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Binomial name Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews, 1908 Andrews Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon bowdoini), sometimes known as the Deep-crest Beaked Whale or Splay Toothed Whale, is one of the most poorly known members of a poorly known genus. ... Binomial name Mesoplodon carlshubbi Sowerby, 1963 Hubbs Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon carlshubbi) was initially thought to be an Andrews Beaked Whale when discovered by icthyologist Carl Hubbs, however it was named in his honor when it was discovered to be a new species. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Binomial name Mesoplodon grayi von Haast, 1876 Grays Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon grayi), sometimes known as Haasts Beaked Whale or the Scamperdown Whale is one better known members of the genus Mesoplodon. ... Binomial name Mesoplodon hectori Gray, 1871 Hectors Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon hectori) is a small Mesoplodont living in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Binomial name Mesoplodon peruvianus Reyes, Mead, and Van Waerebeek, 1991 Pygmy Beaked Whale range The Pygmy Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon peruvianusquailsouthafricanbushmanius), also known as the Peruvian Beaked Whale and Lesser Beak Whale, is the smallest of the Mesoplodonts and one of the newest discoveries. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Species See text The mesoplodont whales are the fourteen species of whale that make up the genus Mesoplodon, making it the single largest genus in the cetacean order. ... Binomial name Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937 Shepherds Beaked Whale range Shepherds Beaked Whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi) also commonly called the Tasman Beaked Whale or simply the Tasman Whale is a cetacean of the family Ziphidae. ... Binomial name Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937 Shepherds Beaked Whale range Shepherds Beaked Whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi) also commonly called the Tasman Beaked Whale or simply the Tasman Whale is a cetacean of the family Ziphidae. ... Binomial name Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 Cuviers Beaked Whale range Cuviers Beaked Whale is the most widely distributed of all the beaked whales. ... Binomial name Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 Cuviers Beaked Whale range Cuviers Beaked Whale is the most widely distributed of all the beaked whales. ... Binomial name Blainville, 1817 Boto range The Boto, Boutu, Amazon River Dolphin or Pink River Dolphin[1] (Inia geoffrensis) is a freshwater river dolphin endemic to the Amazon River and Orinoco River systems. ... Binomial name Blainville, 1817 Boto range The Boto, Boutu, Amazon River Dolphin or Pink River Dolphin[1] (Inia geoffrensis) is a freshwater river dolphin endemic to the Amazon River and Orinoco River systems. ... Binomial name Blainville, 1817 Boto range The Boto, Boutu, Amazon River Dolphin or Pink River Dolphin[1] (Inia geoffrensis) is a freshwater river dolphin endemic to the Amazon River and Orinoco River systems. ... For other uses, see Baiji (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Baiji (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Baiji (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Lebeck, 1801; Roxburgh, 1801 Ranges of the Ganges River Dolphin and of the Indus River Dolphin Subspecies Platanista gangetica gangetica Platanista gangetica minor Indus River Dolphin The Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) and Indus River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) are two sub-species of freshwater or river... Binomial name Lebeck, 1801; Roxburgh, 1801 Ranges of the Ganges River Dolphin and of the Indus River Dolphin Subspecies Platanista gangetica gangetica Platanista gangetica minor Indus River Dolphin The Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) and Indus River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) are two sub-species of freshwater or river... Binomial name Lebeck, 1801; Roxburgh, 1801 Ranges of the Ganges River Dolphin and of the Indus River Dolphin Subspecies Platanista gangetica gangetica Platanista gangetica minor Indus River Dolphin The Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) and Indus River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) are two sub-species of freshwater or river... Binomial name Pontoporia blainvillei Gervais & dOrbigny, 1844 La Plata Dolphin range The La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) is found in coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. ... Binomial name Pontoporia blainvillei Gervais & dOrbigny, 1844 La Plata Dolphin range The La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) is found in coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. ... Binomial name Pontoporia blainvillei Gervais & dOrbigny, 1844 La Plata Dolphin range The La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) is found in coastal Atlantic waters of southeastern South America. ...