In physics, a bound state is a composite of two or more building blocks (particles) that behaves as a single object. Wikibooks Wikiversity has more about this subject: School of Physics sci. ...

In quantum mechanics, a bound state is a state in the Hilbert space that corresponds to two or more particles whose interaction energy is negative, and therefore these particles cannot be separated unless energy is spent. The energy spectrum of bound states is discrete, unlike the continuous spectrum of isolated particles. Fig. ... In mathematics, a Hilbert space is an inner product space that is complete with respect to the norm defined by the inner product. ... In physics, interaction energy is the contribution to the total energy that is caused by an interaction between the different objects. ... The noun spectrum (plural: spectra) has a variety of meanings. ...

For example, a proton and an electron can move separately; the total center-of-mass energy is positive, and such a pair of particles can be described as an ionized atom. Once the electron starts to "orbit" the proton, the energy becomes negative, and a stable bound state - namely the Hydrogen atom - is formed. Properties In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... Properties The electron (sometimes called negatron; commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ... This article is about the building; for another meaning, see stability. ... A hydrogen atom is an atom of the element hydrogen. ...

According to the bootstrap philosophy, not only is a hydrogen atom a bound state of a proton and an electron but a proton is a bound state of a hydrogen atom and an electron and an electron is a bound state of a hydrogen atom and a proton.

A positronium is an unstable bound state because it decays into photons. Positronium is a quasi-stable system consisting of a positron and an electron bound together into an exotic atom. ... In physics, the photon (from Greek φοτος, meaning light) is a quantum of excitation of the quantised electromagnetic field and is one of the elementary particles studied by quantum electrodynamics (QED) which is the oldest part of the Standard Model of particle physics. ...

The proton itself is a bound state of three quarks (two up and one down; one red, one green and one blue). However, unlike the case of the hydrogen atom, the individual quarks can never be isolated. See confinement. Properties In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... For other uses of this term, see: Quark (disambiguation) 1974 discovery photograph of a possible charmed baryon, now identified as the Σc++ In particle physics, the quarks are subatomic particles thought to be elemental and indivisible. ... For other uses of this term, see: Quark (disambiguation) 1974 discovery photograph of a possible charmed baryon, now identified as the Σc++ In particle physics, the quarks are subatomic particles thought to be elemental and indivisible. ... For other uses of this term, see: Quark (disambiguation) 1974 discovery photograph of a possible charmed baryon, now identified as the Σc++ In particle physics, the quarks are subatomic particles thought to be elemental and indivisible. ... The acronym QCD can mean: Quantum chromodynamics Quintessential Player This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The acronym QCD can mean: Quantum chromodynamics Quintessential Player This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The acronym QCD can mean: Quantum chromodynamics Quintessential Player This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article refers to a particle physics phenomenon. ...

A nucleus is a bound state of nucleons. Plural: nuclei In chemistry and physics, the nucleus (atomic nucleus) is the collection of protons and neutrons in the center of an atom that carries the bulk of the atoms mass and positive charge. ... Nucleon is the common name used in nuclear chemistry to refer to a neutron or a proton, the components of an atoms nucleus. ...

A stable bound state of n particles with masses m₁, ..., m_n shows up as a pole in the S-matrix with a center of mass energy which is less than m₁+...+m_n. An unstable bound state (see resonance (quantum field theory)) shows up as a pole with a complex center of mass energy. This article is about the building; for another meaning, see stability. ... Instability in systems is generally characterized by some of the outputs or internal states growing without bounds. ... In quantum field theory, resonance is an unstable particle/bound state. ... The complex numbers are an extension of the real numbers, in which all non-constant polynomials have roots. ...

See also resonance (quantum field theory), composite field In quantum field theory, resonance is an unstable particle/bound state. ...