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Encyclopedia > Boy Scouts of America membership controversies

The Boy Scouts of America, the largest youth organization in the United States, has policies which prohibit atheists, agnostics, and "known or avowed" homosexuals from membership in its Scouting program; both youths and adults have had their memberships revoked as a result. The BSA contends that these policies are essential in its mission to instill in young people the values of the Scout Oath and Law.[1][2] The BSA also prohibits girls from participating in Cub Scouting and Boy Scouting. These policies are controversial and are considered by some to be discriminatory.[3][4] For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A policy is a plan of action for tackling political issues. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ... Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play constructive roles in society. ... Value is a term that expresses the concept of worth in general, and it is thought to be connected to reasons for certain practices, policies or actions. ... Cub Scouting is part of the Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), available to boys from first through fifth-grade, or 7–10 years of age and their families. ... Boy Scouting is a part of the program that the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) offers for boys and young men. ...


The organization's Constitutional right to have these policies has been upheld repeatedly by both state and federal courts. The Supreme Court of the United States has affirmed that as a private organization, the BSA can set its own membership standards. In recent years, the policy disputes have led to litigation over the terms under which the BSA can access governmental resources including public lands.[5] In the U.S., a state court has jurisdiction over disputes which occur in a state. ... The United States federal courts are the system of courts organized under the Constitution and laws of the federal government of the United States. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries  Atlas  Politics Portal      The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym...

BSA Strategic Plan logo

Contents

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Boy Scouts of America's values affect membership criteria

According to its mission statement, the Boy Scouts of America seeks "to prepare young people to make ethical and moral choices over their lifetimes by instilling in them the values of the Scout Oath and Law".[1] All members are required, as a condition of membership, to promise to uphold and obey both of these pledges.[6] The texts of BSA's Scout Oath and Scout Law for Boy Scouting have remained unchanged since they were approved in 1911.[7] // Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout (or Guide) promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ... Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout Promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ...

BSA Strategic Plan logo used from 2002 through 2005

Scout Oath
On my honor I will do my best
 To do my duty to God and my country
 and to obey the Scout Law;
 To help other people at all times;
 To keep myself physically strong,
 mentally awake, and morally straight. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Scout Law
A Scout is: trustworthy, loyal, helpful, friendly, courteous, kind, obedient, cheerful, thrifty, brave, clean, and reverent.

Spirituality has been an integral part of the international Scouting movement since its inception. As early as 1908, Scouting founder Robert Baden-Powell wrote in the first Scout handbook that, "No man is much good unless he believes in God and obeys His laws."[8] Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit. ... Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play constructive roles in society. ... Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, OM, GCMG, GCVO, KCB (February 22, 1857 - January 8, 1941) was a soldier, writer and founder of the world scouting movement. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ...


Religious organizations host/sponsor over 60% of the Scouting units in the United States and use the Scouting program as part of their youth ministration.[9] Officials from various religious organizations—including the Latter-day Saints (Mormon), Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, and Presbyterian churches—are included on the BSA National Executive Board, its Advisory Council, and the BSA Religious Relationships Committee. The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the largest attraction in the citys Temple Square. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      For school of ancient Greek medicine... Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity that follows the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther. ... Presbyterianism is a form of church government which is most prevalent within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity. ...


In reciting the Scout Oath, a Scout promises to be "morally straight" and to do their "duty to God"; the Scout Law holds that a Scout is "clean" and "reverent". As early as 1978, the Boy Scouts of America circulated a memorandum among national executive staff stating that they held the Scout Oath and Law to be incompatible with homosexuality.[10] Similarly, since at least 1985, the BSA has interpreted the Scout Oath and Law as being incompatible with agnosticism and atheism.[11] In both instances, the organization asserted that it was not a "new policy" to expel atheists and gays—rather, the BSA argued it was just enforcing long-held policies which had never been published or publicly challenged.[12] In various religions, sacred (from Latin, sacrum, sacrifice) or holy, objects, places or concepts are believed by followers to be intimately connected with the supernatural, or divinity, and are thus greatly revered. ...


Position on atheists and agnostics

The Boy Scouts of America's position is that agnostics and atheists cannot participate as Scouts (youth members) or Scouters (adult leaders). According to the Bylaws of the BSA, Declaration of Religious Principle: This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ... A Scout Leader generally refers to the trained adult leader of a Scout unit. ...

"The Boy Scouts of America maintains that no member can grow into the best kind of citizen without recognizing an obligation to God. In the first part of the Scout Oath or Promise the member declares, ‘On my honor I will do my best to do my duty to God and my country and to obey the Scout Law.’ The recognition of God as the ruling and leading power in the universe and the grateful acknowledgment of His favors and blessings are necessary to the best type of citizenship and are wholesome precepts in the education of the growing members."[2]

The Boy Scouts of America requires youths and adults to subscribe to the precepts of the Declaration of Religious Principle and to agree to abide by the Scout Law and Scout Oath, which includes the words, "To do my duty to God". The BSA believes that an atheist or agnostic is not an appropriate role model of the Scout Oath and Law for boys, and thus will not accept such adults as leaders.


Position on homosexuals

Since 1991, openly gay adults have been officially prohibited from joining the Boy Scouts of America.[13] A 1991 Position Statement states: “We believe that homosexual conduct is inconsistent with the requirement in the Scout Oath that a Scout be morally straight and in the Scout Law that a Scout be clean in word and deed, and that homosexuals do not provide a desirable role model for Scouts.”[14] The BSA thus "believes that a known or avowed homosexual is not an appropriate role model of the Scout Oath and Law."[15]


The language used to describe the BSA's policies on homosexuals has evolved over time. Prior to 2004, the policy stated:

"We do not allow for the registration of avowed homosexuals as members or as leaders of the BSA."[16]

In 2004, the BSA adopted a new policy statement:

"Boy Scouts of America believes that homosexual conduct is inconsistent with the obligations in the Scout Oath and Scout Law to be morally straight and clean in thought, word, and deed. The conduct of youth members must be in compliance with the Scout Oath and Law, and membership in Boy Scouts of America is contingent upon the willingness to accept Scouting’s values and beliefs."[15]

The BSA stated in a 2000 press release that, "Boy Scouting makes no effort to discover the sexual orientation of any person."[17] BSA application forms for youth membership and adult leadership positions do not inquire about the applicants' sexual orientation and do not mention the BSA's policies regarding homosexuals.[18] However, there exist reports of Scouting leaders improperly questioning members about their sexual orientation, sometimes resulting in their expulsion.[19] In 2005, a high-level employee of BSA was fired by National Council after the organization somehow received a copy of his bill from a gay resort at which he had vacationed.[20] For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... Gay tourism is a form of niche tourism marketed to gay people who are open about their sexual orientation and who wish to travel to gay travel destinations in order to participate to some extent in the gay life of the destination area. ...


BSA local councils and Scouting units are required to adhere to National Council policies as a condition of their charters;[21] however, there is inconsistency in the way some have interpreted and implemented official policy on homosexuality. Several local councils have stated that they have implemented the policy in a way that is similar to the U.S. Armed Forces' "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy.[22] In this view, homosexuals should be allowed to remain members as long as they do not disclose their sexual orientation, and the BSA should not question or investigate their sexual orientation. There is, however, disagreement as to whether "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" is consistent with National Council's official policy.[23][24] For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... The Military of the United States, also known as the United States Armed Forces, is structured into five branches consisting of the: United States Army United States Marine Corps United States Navy United States Air Force United States Coast Guard Reserves United States National Guard United States Army Reserve United... LGBT rights Around the world · By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Persecution Violence This box:      Dont ask, dont tell is the common term for the U.S. military policy which implements Pub. ... Sexual orientation refers to the direction of an individuals sexuality, normally conceived of as falling into several significant categories based around the sex or gender that the individual finds attractive. ... LGBT rights Around the world · By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Persecution Violence This box:      Dont ask, dont tell is the common term for the U.S. military policy which implements Pub. ...


Position on gender

According to the BSA, "The Cub Scout and Boy Scout programs were designed to meet the emotional, psychological, physical, and other needs of boys between the ages of 8 and 14."[25] While the BSA does not admit girls to these programs, the Venturing program is open to young men and women ages 14 through 21. Venturing is part of the program of the Boy Scouts of America for young adults, men and women, generally between the ages of 14 and 20. ...


Reaction to nondiscrimination policies

In 2001, a local council in Boston adopted a nondiscrimination policy; however, when an openly gay man attempted to register as a merit badge counselor he was rejected on the basis of his sexual orientation.[26] The same year, nine BSA local councils proposed a resolution that would have allowed local councils to comply with nondiscrimination policies regarding homosexuals but the resolution was rejected by the BSA National Council.[21] Also in 2001, the BSA "revoked the charters of several Cub Scout packs in Oak Park, Illinois, because the sponsors, a parent-teacher group, adhered to a nondiscrimination policy."[21] In order to continue receiving United Way funding, a few local councils, including one in New Jersey, have signed nondiscrimination statements.[26] The BSA's policies have been legally challenged but have not been found to constitute illegal discrimination. Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... The United Way of America is a coalition of charitable organizations in the United States that have traditionally pooled efforts in fundraising. ...


Youth organization membership policies

The membership policies of youth organizations vary; many have less restrictive membership criteria than the BSA by choice and/or because of nondiscrimination laws in their country.


Mainstream Scouting

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) serves the mainstream Scout Movement along with the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS). WOSM has a membership of 155 National Scout Organizations with more than 28 million individuals.[2][3] Only one Scouting organization per country is recognized by WOSM. In about ten percent of the countries, the National Scout Organization is a federation composed of more than one Scout association; some of the associations in a federation may be segregated by religion (e.g., Denmark and France), ethnicity (e.g., Bosnia and Israel), or native language (e.g., Belgium and Canada).[4] The WOSM National Scout Organization in the United States has been the Boy Scouts of America since it became a member in 1922. The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) is the supranational organization which governs most national Scout Movements, with 28 million members. ... Scouting is a worldwide youth organization. ... The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts is a global association supporting the female-oriented and female-only Scouting organizations in 144 countries. ...


The value system of the BSA and other Scouting associations may differ; this is evident in the different Scout promises and laws used by associations (see Scout Promise and Scout Law). Correspondingly, the membership policies of Scouting associations may differ as well. A value system refers to the order and priority an individual or society grants to ethical and ideological values. ... // Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout (or Guide) promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ... Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout Promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ...


For example, in contrast to the BSA's policy, homosexuals are not restricted from membership or leadership positions in Scouts Canada and most European associations, including The Scout Association in the United Kingdom, Ring deutscher Pfadfinderverbände of Germany (German Scout Federation), and the Swedish Guide and Scout Association; all are WOSM members.[27][28] In countries where homosexuality is legal, there is usually at least one Scouting association that allows homosexuals as members and leaders. Scouts Canada is a Scout association and member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, in affiliation with the French-language Association des Scouts du Canada. ... It has been suggested that Gimmie 5 be merged into this article or section. ... The Ring deutscher Pfadfinderverbände (RdP; roughly translated Federation of German Scouting Associations) is the German national Scouting organization within the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). ... Svenska ScoutrÃ¥det (SSR, The Swedish Scout Council) is the national Scouting and Guiding federation of Sweden. ...


"Duty to God" is a principle of worldwide Scouting and WOSM requires its member National Scout Organizations to reference "duty to God" in their Scout Promises (see WOSM Scout Promise requirements). Scouting associations apply this principle to their membership policies in different ways. The Boy Scouts of America takes a hard-line position by excluding atheists from membership. Scouts Canada defines "duty to God" broadly in terms of "adherence to spiritual principles" and does not have any explicit policy excluding non-theists.[29] According the Equal Opportunities Policy of The Scout Association in the United Kingdom: The Scout method is the principal method by which all Scouting organizations operate their units. ... // Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout (or Guide) promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... Scouts Canada is a Scout association and member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, in affiliation with the French-language Association des Scouts du Canada. ... Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit. ... Theism is the belief in one or more gods or goddesses. ... It has been suggested that Gimmie 5 be merged into this article or section. ...

"To enable young people to grow into independent adults the Scout Method encourages young people to question what they have been taught. Scouts and Venture Scouts who question God's existence, their own spirituality or the structures and beliefs of any or all religions are simply searching for spiritual understanding. This notion of a search for enlightenment is compatible with belief in most of the world's faiths. It is unacceptable to refuse Membership, or question a young person's suitability to continue to participate fully in a Section, if they express doubts about the meaning of the Promise."[5] The Scout method is the principal method by which all Scouting organizations operate their units. ... // Since the publication of Scouting for Boys in 1908, all Scouts and Guides around the world have taken a Scout (or Guide) promise or oath to live up to ideals of the movement, and subscribed to a Scout Law. ...

The membership policies of Scouting organizations also vary regarding the inclusion of girls, see Coeducational Scouting. The Girl Scouts of the USA accepts homosexuals and allows its members to substitute another word in place of "God" when reciting the Girl Scout Promise.[30] For information on Scouting associations that are not members of WOSM or WAGGGS, see Non-aligned Scouting and Scout-like organisations. Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play constructive roles in society. ... The Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA) is a youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad. ... The Scout Movement has led to the formation of many Scouting organizations around the world. ...


Other American youth organizations

The American Heritage Girls is a Christian Scouting organization that provides an alternative to the Girl Scouts of the USA (GSUSA). American Heritage Girls' policies on gays and atheists are similar to those held by the BSA. It was formed by parents who were unhappy that GSUSA accepted lesbians as troop leaders, allowed girls to substitute a word more applicable to their belief for the word "God" in the Girl Scout Promise, and allegedly banned prayer at meetings. Other youth organizations do not have policies that exclude homosexuals and atheists, and are coeducational, such as Camp Fire USA, SpiralScouts International, 4-H, and the BSA's Learning for Life program.[31] The American Heritage Girls is a scouting group modeled after young womens organizations such as the Girl Scouts of the USA and the Campfire Girls, but with a Judeo-Christian focus to its philosophy and activities. ... The Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA) is a youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Now known as Camp Fire USA, the nationwide youth organization began on March 17, 1910 as Camp Fire Girls. ... SpiralScoutsâ„¢ International is a youth organization in the United States for children of neo-pagan faiths though it is open to others. ... Sign announcing 4-H membership on a ranch in Larimer County, Colorado. ... Learning for Life (LFL) is an United States school and work-site based program that is a subsidiary of the Boy Scouts of America. ...


Litigation over the membership policies

The Boy Scouts of America has been sued because of its membership, leadership, and employment standards.[32] Some of the lawsuits dealt with the BSA's standards that require Scouts and Scouters to believe in God and not be openly homosexual, and the exclusion of girls from membership in some programs.[2][15][33]


There has been some opposition to single-sex membership programs and organizations in the United States including some programs of the BSA.[34] The Boy Scouts of America admits only boys to its Cub Scout and Boy Scout programs. Several lawsuits involving girls seeking admission to these programs have resulted in court rulings that the BSA is not required to admit girls.[25]


During the 1980s and 1990s, there were several high-profile lawsuits intended to require the BSA to include gays or atheists. In 1981, Tim Curran, an openly-gay former Scout, sued asking that he be accepted as an Assistant Scoutmaster (see Curran v. Mount Diablo Council).[35] In 1991, twin brothers William and Michael Randall, who had refused to recite the "duty to God" portion of the Cub Scout Promise and Boy Scout Oath, sued to be allowed to continue in the program (see Randall v. Orange County Council and Welsh v. Boy Scouts of America).[36] In addition, there were several other lawsuits involving basically the same issues.[37] Ultimately, the courts ruled in favor of the Boy Scouts of America in each case. Curran v. ... Randall v. ... Welsh v. ...


The courts have repeatedly held that the Boys Scouts of America, and all private organizations, have a right to set membership standards in accordance with the First Amendment protected concept of freedom of association. In particular, in Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 2000 that the BSA's right to freedom of association gave them the authority to expel a gay assistant Scoutmaster.[7] The Bill of Rights in the National Archives The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights. ... Freedom of association is a Constitutional (legal) concept based on the premise that it is the right of free adults to mutually choose their associates for whatever purpose they see fit. ... Boy Scouts of America et al v. ...


Since the Supreme Court's ruling, the focus of lawsuits has shifted to challenging the BSA's relationship with governments in light of their membership policies. A number of lawsuits have been filed by or with the assistance of the American Civil Liberties Union over issues such as government association with the BSA and the conditions under which the BSA may access governmental resources.[38] The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a major American non-profit organization whose stated mission is to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.[1] It works through litigation, legislation, and community...


Governmental sponsorship of Scouting units

ACLU logo

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has taken legal action to stop governmental organizations from serving as the chartered organizations (sponsors) of Scouting units. The U.S. Department of Defense announced in 2004 that it would end direct sponsorship of Scouting units in response to a religious discrimination lawsuit brought by the ACLU (stemming from the BSA's exclusion of atheists).[39] The BSA agreed in 2005 to transfer all charters it had issued to governmental entities to private entities in response to a request from the ACLU.[40] Previously, about 400 Scouting units had been sponsored by U.S. military bases and over 10,000 by other governmental entities, primarily public schools.[41] (See explanation of Scouting units and chartered organizations.) Image File history File links American_Civil_Liberties_Union_logo. ... Image File history File links American_Civil_Liberties_Union_logo. ... The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a major American non-profit organization whose stated mission is to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.[1] It works through litigation, legislation, and community... The United States Department of Defense, abbreviated DoD or DOD and sometimes called the Defense Department, is a civilian Cabinet organization of the United States government. ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ...


Access to governmental resources

In certain municipalities, the conditions under which the Boy Scouts of America can access public and nonpublic governmental resources have become controversial, sometimes resulting in litigation.[42] Historically, the BSA (and the Girl Scouts of the USA) has often been granted preferential access to governmental resources such as lands and facilities.


When a private organization such as the BSA receives access on terms more favorable than other private organizations, it is known as "special" or "preferential" access whereas "equal" access is access on the same terms. For example, state and local governments may lease property to nonprofit groups (such as the BSA) on terms that are preferential to or equal to the terms they offer to commercial groups, in other words they may give nonprofit groups either special or equal access. Special access includes access at a reduced fee (including no fee) or access to places off-limits to other groups. The categorization of access as "special" or "equal" is not always clear-cut.


Some cities, counties, and states have ordinances or policies that limit government support for organizations that practice some types of discrimination. When the BSA's membership policies are contrary to these laws, some government organizations have moved to change the terms under which the BSA is allowed to access its resources. Private individuals have filed lawsuits to prevent governmental entities from granting what they see as preferential access.[43] The BSA on the other hand has sued governmental entities for denying what it sees as equal access.[38]


In response to these changes and litigation, the federal government passed laws mandating the BSA's equal access to local and state-level governmental resources. The Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act, enacted in 2002, requires public elementary and secondary schools that receive U.S. Department of Education funding to provide BSA groups equal access to school facilities.[44] The Support our Scouts Act of 2005 requires state and local governments that receive HUD funding to provide BSA groups equal access to governmental forums (lands, facilities, etc.). State and local governments still have flexibility regarding the provision of special access to the BSA.[45] The Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act was passed to prevent State and Federal agencies from reducing their support for the Boy Scouts of America (and other youth organization). ... The United States Department of Education was created in 1979 (by PL 96-88) as a Cabinet-level department of the United States government, and began operating in 1980. ... The Support Our Scouts Act of 2005 was passed to prevent State and Federal agencies from reducing their support for the Boy Scouts of America (and other youth organization). ... The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, often abbreviated HUD, is a Cabinet department of the United States government. ...


Recent litigation

Recent litigation has been primarily about access to governmental resources.


Active

  • A US District Court's ruling against the BSA on the favorable terms under which the City of San Diego leases public land to the BSA is being appealed (see Barnes-Wallace v. Boy Scouts of America).

Barnes-Wallace v. ...

Inactive

  • In July 2003, the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a decision by a U.S. Disctrict Judge that excluded the BSA from an annual workplace charitable campaign run by the state of Connecticut because of the BSA's policy on homosexuals. In March 2004, the United States Supreme Court declined to review the case.[46]
  • In March 2006, the California Supreme Court ruled in Evans v. Berkeley that the City of Berkeley did not have to continue to provide free dock space to the Sea Scouts.[47] In October 2006, the United States Supreme Court refused to review Evans v. Berkeley.[48]
  • In September 2006, the Oregon Supreme Court ruled that recruiting by BSA in public schools did not violate the state's nondiscrimination laws.[49]
  • The U.S. Army gives the BSA special access to a base, Fort A.P. Hill, for its national Scout jamboree and the U.S. Department of Defense spends approximately $2 million per year in taxpayer funds to assist the BSA in staging it. On April 4, 2007 the US Court of Appeals overturned a lower court ruling on lack of standing to sue, thus allowing the 2010 Jamboree to go forward with continued DOD support. (see Winkler v. Rumsfeld).[38][50]

Evans v. ... Sea Scouts is a program within the Boy Scouts of Americas Venturing Program. ... Fort A.P. Hill, Virginia, is an active duty installation of the United States Army, located near the town of Bowling Green, Virginia. ... The national Scout jamboree is a gathering, or jamboree of thousands of members of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), usually held every four years and organized by the BSA National Council. ... Winkler v. ...

Adverse reaction to Boy Scouts of America's membership policies

There has been opposition to BSA's membership policies from organizations and individuals. Some within the Scouting movement, as well as long-time Scouting supporters, parents, chartered organizations, and religious organizations have expressed opposition to the policies in ways ranging from protests to forming organizations that advocate inclusiveness. Some push for a voluntary change within the BSA, others seek involuntary change by filing lawsuits, still others choose to disassociate themselves from the BSA or encourage others to do so. Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play constructive roles in society. ...


Perhaps the most vocal opponent of the policies has been the American Civil Liberties Union, which has brought or been a participant in fourteen[51] lawsuits against the Boy Scouts of America from 1981 to March 2006. A few members of the U.S. Congress have also spoken out against the BSA's policies.[52] Since the Dale decision, some Eagle Scouts (about 100) have returned their Eagle Scout badge to the BSA in protest.[53][54] The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a major American non-profit organization whose stated mission is to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.[1] It works through litigation, legislation, and community... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. Byrd, (D) since January 4, 2007 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political... An Eagle Scout is a Scout with the highest rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). ...


The Unitarian Universalist Association's opposition to the BSA's membership exclusions led to a dispute between the organizations (see Religious emblems program controversy). In 2001, the Union for Reform Judaism's Commission on Social Action, citing a commitment to ending discrimination in all forms, issued a memorandum recommending that congregations stop hosting BSA troops and that parents withdraw their children from all of the Boy Scouts of America's programs.[55] Additionally, the General Synod of the United Church of Christ issued a statement urging the BSA to change policy and stated that, "Discrimination against anyone based on sexual orientation is contrary to our understanding of the teachings of Christ."[56] Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA), in full the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations in North America, is a liberal religious association of Unitarian Universalist congregations formed by the consolidation in 1961 of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America. ... A variety of religious emblems programs approved by the Boy Scouts of America are designed to encourage youth to learn about their faith and to recognize adults who provide significant service to youth in a religious environment. ... The Union for Reform Judaism (URJ), formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), is an organization which supports Reform Jewish congregations in North America. ... A memorandum or memo is a written form of communication most often employed in business environments. ...


Loss of support

Some public entities and private institutions have ceased financial or other support the BSA, primarily as a result of conflicts between their nondiscrimination policies and the BSA's membership policies. About 50 local United Ways, including those in Miami, Orlando, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Seattle, have withdrawn all funding.[57] The BSA has also lost all funding from several large corporations that had been regular donors, such as Chase Manhattan Bank, Levi Strauss, Fleet Bank, CVS/pharmacy, and Pew Charitable Trusts.[57] For example, Pew Charitable Trusts, which had consistently supported the BSA for over fifty years, decided to cancel a $100,000 donation and cease future donations.[57] A number of public entities (including the cities of Chicago, San Diego, Tempe, Buffalo Grove, Berkeley, and Santa Barbara, as well as the states of California, Illinois, and Connecticut) have canceled charitable donations (of money or preferential land access) that had historically been granted to the Scouts.[57][58][59] The United Way of America is a coalition of charitable organizations in the United States that have traditionally pooled efforts in fundraising. ... For other uses, see Miami (disambiguation). ... Nickname: Location in Orange County and the state of Florida. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... Nickname: Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: , Country State City-County San Francisco Founded 1776 Government  - Mayor Gavin Newsom Area  - City  47 sq mi (122 km²)  - Land  46. ... “Seattle” redirects here. ... The Chase Manhattan Bank, now part of JPMorgan Chase, was formed by the merger of the Chase National Bank and the Bank of the Manhattan Company in 1955. ... Alternative meaning: Claude L vi-Strauss, the French anthropologist. ... FleetBoston Financial was a Boston, Massachusetts-based bank created in 1999 by the merger of Fleet Financial Group and BankBoston. ... CVS Corporation, NYSE: CVS is the largest pharmacy chain in the United States, based on store count. ... It has been suggested that Pew Research Center be merged into this article or section. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... Nickname: Location of San Diego within San Diego County Coordinates: , Country United States State California County San Diego Founded July 16, 1769 Incorporated March 27, 1850 Government  - Mayor Jerry Sanders  - City Attorney Michael Aguirre  - City Council Scott Peters Kevin Faulconer Toni Atkins Tony Young Brian Maienschein Donna Frye Jim Madaffer... Location in Maricopa County and the state of Arizona Coordinates: Country United States State Arizona Counties Maricopa Incorporated November 29, 1894 Government  - Mayor Hugh Hallman Area  - City  39. ... Incorporated Village in 1958. ... Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern California, in the United States. ... Nickname: Location in Santa Barbara County and the state of California Coordinates: , County Santa Barbara Government  - Mayor Marty Blum Area  - City 111. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Official language(s) English Capital Hartford Largest city Bridgeport Largest metro area Hartford Area  Ranked 48th  - Total 5,543[2] sq mi (14,356 km²)  - Width 70 miles (113 km)  - Length 110 miles (177 km)  - % water 12. ...


Eagle Scout filmmaker Steven Spielberg had been a long-time supporter of Scouting, depicting a young Indiana Jones as a Boy Scout in the 1989 film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. In 2001, Spielberg resigned from the BSA Advisory Council, saying, "it has deeply saddened me to see the Boy Scouts of America actively and publicly participating in discrimination."[60] Steven Allan Spielberg KBE (born December 18, 1946)[1] is an American film director and producer. ... Dr. Henry Indiana Jones, Jr. ... Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade is a 1989 adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Sean Connery, Denholm Elliott, Julian Glover, Alison Doody, River Phoenix, and John Rhys-Davies. ...


Efforts to change the membership policies

Scouting for All logo

There have been numerous efforts (other than litigation) to change the BSA's membership policies regarding gays and atheists but all have failed. At the BSA annual national meeting of local council representatives in Boston in 2001, nine local councils submitted a resolution to give more discretion for membership standards to local councils and chartered organizations;[61] this resolution and two others also seeking to liberalize the homosexuality policy were considered by the BSA National Executive Board but the initiative failed in 2002.[62] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 458 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (598 × 782 pixel, file size: 69 KB, MIME type: image/png) Logo of Scouting for All This is a logo of a Scouting organization, and is protected by copyright and/or trademark. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 458 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (598 × 782 pixel, file size: 69 KB, MIME type: image/png) Logo of Scouting for All This is a logo of a Scouting organization, and is protected by copyright and/or trademark. ... Scouting For All is a non-profit organization founded by Eagle Scout Steven Cozza and Dave Rice, which is trying to eliminate the Boy Scouts of Americas policies on not allowing members in their organization who are gay/lesbian, non-theist, and/or girls/women. ...


A number of current and former Scouts and Scout leaders formed organizations that advocated the inclusion of gays and atheists. In 1991, William Boyce Mueller, a former Cub Scout and grandson of original Boy Scouts of America founder William Dickson Boyce, helped start an advocacy group of gay former Scouts called the "Forgotten Scouts".[63] The Coalition for Inclusive Scouting was another organization. Both of these organizations are apparently inactive now.[64] William D. Boyce William Dickson Boyce (June 16, 1858- June 11, 1929), was an American entrepreneur, best known today for founding the Boy Scouts of America. ... Inclusive Scouting Award The Coalition for Inclusive Scouting was made up of a few groups across the United States of America that foster discussion and education related to the status of Scouting in the United States. ...


Scouting for All seeks to promote tolerance and diversity within the BSA.[65] Scouter Dave Rice co-founded Scouting for All in 1993, initially for the purpose of changing the BSA policy on sexual orientation. In 1998, the Boy Scouts of America dismissed him after 59 years of membership for "involving Scouting youth" in his effort. Rice, who is not gay, stated that he obeyed all rules and guidelines and that he never misused his leadership status or promoted an agenda during troop meetings. He maintains that the Boy Scouts of America violated its own rules by summarily dismissing him without granting him a chance to present evidence to a regional review board as is required by the BSA's "Procedures for Maintaining Standards of Membership".[66][67] Scouting For All is a non-profit organization founded by Eagle Scout Steven Cozza and Dave Rice, which is trying to eliminate the Boy Scouts of Americas policies on not allowing members in their organization who are gay/lesbian, non-theist, and/or girls/women. ... It has been suggested that toleration be merged into this article or section. ... Diversity The division of classes among a certain population. ...


Support for the Boy Scouts of America

The membership controversy and subsequent litigation, some of which has been in response to the 2000 ruling in BSA v. Dale, has prompted a number of expressions of support for the BSA organization, program, or policies. In 2002, the National Executive Board of Boy Scouts of America reiterated its support for the policies and affirmed that "the Boy Scouts of America shall continue to follow its traditional values and standards of leadership".[68]


Support from federal government

The U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate have overwhelmingly passed resolutions in support of the Boy Scouts of America. In November 2004, the House passed a resolution, by a vote of 391 to 3, recognizing "the Boy Scouts of America for the public service the organization performs".[69] Then, in February 2005, the House passed a resolution by a vote of 418 to 7, stating that "the Department of Defense should continue to exercise its long-standing statutory authority to support the activities of the BSA, in particular the periodic national and world Scout jamborees."[70] The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Politics Portal      The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The World Scout Jamboree, also officially denominated with the French title Jamboree Scout Mondial, is a Scouting jamboree, typically attended by several tens of thousands of Scouts, aged 14 to 17, from all over the world. ...

President Bush addresses the 2005 National Scout Jamboree at Fort A.P. Hill in Virginia.

The U.S. Congress has twice passed bills directly affecting the governmental resources access controversy. In 2001, the U.S. Congress passed the Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act, which encouraged the BSA's access to educational facilities. In July 2005, the Senate voted 98 to 0 in favor of the Support Our Scouts Act, enacted in December 2005, which encourages both governmental support of the Boy Scouts in general and federal support of the national Scout jamboree. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... The 2005 National Scout Jamboree was the 16th national Scout jamboree of the boy Scouts of America and was held from July 25, 2005 through August 3, 2005 at Fort A.P. Hill, Virginia. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. Byrd, (D) since January 4, 2007 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political... The Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act was passed to prevent State and Federal agencies from reducing their support for the Boy Scouts of America (and other youth organization). ... The Support Our Scouts Act of 2005 was passed to prevent State and Federal agencies from reducing their support for the Boy Scouts of America (and other youth organization). ... The national Scout jamboree is a gathering, or jamboree of thousands of members of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), usually held every four years and organized by the BSA National Council. ...


Sen Bill Frist, one of the sponsors of the Support Our Scouts Acts, spoke highly of the BSA, saying: William Harrison Bill Frist, Sr. ...

"This unique American institution is committed to preparing our youth for the future by instilling in them values such as honesty, integrity, and character."

Of the Act, Frist explained:

"This legislation will allow the Boy Scouts to fulfill its mission without the distraction of defending itself against senseless attacks."[71]

President of the United States William Howard Taft began serving as the first Honorary President of the Boy Scouts of America in 1911; the tradition has been followed by each succeeding U.S. President to this day.[72] In August 2005, President George W. Bush addressed the National Scout Jamboree and, although he did not directly discuss the controversies, reiterated his support for the organization. At the Jamboree, Bush commended the Scouts for upholding "values that build strong families, strong communities, and strong character" and said that the Scouts' values "are the values of America."[73] William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was an American politician, the twenty-seventh President of the United States, the tenth Chief Justice of the United States, a leader of the progressive conservative wing of the Republican Party in the early 20th century, a pioneer in international arbitration... For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation). ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...


Support from others

A wide range of individuals, commentators, and conservative groups have spoken out in support of the Boy Scouts of America. The BSA legal website provides a list of editorials written in support of the BSA.[74]


A civil libertarian group, the American Civil Rights Union, set up the Scouting Legal Defense Fund, and routinely helped with lawsuits.[75] In a legal brief filed in support of the BSA, the American Civil Rights Union argued that "To label [the BSA's membership policies] discriminatory and exclusionary, and a civil rights violation, is an assault on the very freedom of American citizens to advance, promote, and teach traditional moral values."[76] In 2000, a group of current and former members of the BSA created the group Save Our Scouts in order "to support and defend the principles of the Scout Oath and Law".[77]


Columnist/author Hans Zeiger, an Eagle Scout, has founded the Scout Honor Coalition, a grassroots organization dedicated to supporting the policies.[78] According to Zeiger, "Scouts' honor is under attack in American culture". Zeiger applauds what he sees as the BSA's courage in resisting political pressure to admit gays, saying, "Regardless of what leads to homosexuality, it is a thing that has an agenda in our society and is very harmful to the traditional family and is causing a tremendous amount of harm to young men. The Boy Scouts are one of the few organizations that have the moral sense to stand against the homosexual agenda".[79] A grassroots political movement is one driven by the constituents of a community. ...


An online petition, which had received over 375,000 electronic signatures, showed support for the Scouts from those who are "deeply troubled by the recent attacks which have come against the Boy Scouts simply because the Scouts have taken a stand for faith and moral values." The petition further asserted that, "As a private organization, the Boy Scouts has every right to set standards for leadership and morality."[80]


Following the Dale decision, a number of independent research organizations conducted surveys to determine American public opinion on the controversy. In these surveys, more respondents supported the BSA position than opposed it.[6]


Atheism is inconsistent with the beliefs of most religions and some religions regard homosexuality as immoral (see Homosexuality and religion). Religious institutions are the chartered organizations (sponsors) of over 60% of the approximately 123,000 Scouting units in the United States[81][82], which shows support for the BSA. The members of these religious organizations tend to be supporters of BSA's membership policies. The relationship between homosexuality and religion varies greatly across time and place, within and between different religions and sects, and regarding different forms of homosexuality and bisexuality. ...


The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a longtime supporter of the Boy Scouts of America, teaches that homosexual activity is immoral and sinful.[83] The Church is the largest single sponsor of Scouting units with over 30,000 units nationwide, which comprise about 13% of BSA's youth members.[81][84] The Church has threatened to withdraw from the Scouting program if it was ever compelled to accept openly homosexual Scout leaders.[85][81] The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the largest attraction in the citys Temple Square. ...


Related issues

There are several issues related to the membership controversies.


Scouting membership in the United States

Main article: Scouting in the United States

The Boy Scouts of America is by far the largest supplier of Scouting to boys in the United States of America. The BSA is the only Scouting association of significance in the United States that boys can join and there are no comparable alternative organizations available to them throughout most of the country. Scouting in the United States can refer to Scouting associations that are recognized by one of the international Scouting organizations as well as independent groups that are considered to be Scout-likeor otherwise Scouting related. ... Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play constructive roles in society. ...


The situation is different in some countries where there are a number of Scouting associations with varying membership criteria. Some of these associations may be segregated on the basis of ethnicity, language, or religion; and some may have more inclusive membership criteria than the BSA (see Mainstream Scouting membership policies).


Scouting began in the United Kingdom in 1907. After the founding of the Boy Scouts of America in 1910 and having received the endorsement of Baden-Powell, the BSA began an active campaign to absorb all other Scout-type youth organizations in the United States.[7] As a result, essentially all competitors had ceased to exist within a few years.


BSA membership size

BSA records show that the number of Cub Scouts and Boy Scouts has dropped in recent years.[86][87] It is unclear why membership has dropped and whether the membership policy controversy has had an effect on membership levels. Scouts Canada, which has less restrictive membership policies, has also experienced a substantial membership decline.[88] Scouts Canada is a Scout association and member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, in affiliation with the French-language Association des Scouts du Canada. ... Scouts Canada is a Scout association and member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, in affiliation with the French-language Association des Scouts du Canada. ...


During the same time period, membership increased in other youth organizations, such as the Girl Scouts of the USA and the BSA's Learning for Life program.[89] Both the US Census Bureau and the US Department of Education recorded an increase in total available youth during this time frame.[87] The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... The United States Department of Education was created in 1979 (by PL 96-88) as a Cabinet-level department of the United States government, and began operating in 1980. ...


Some local councils have reported membership size numbers in excess of their actual number of members.[90][91][92] "Volunteers say paid Scout leaders have created fictitious 'ghost units' for years to pump up membership numbers to trick donor groups and charities, including the United Way, into giving them more money."[90] To help ensure that membership numbers are reported correctly, the BSA adopted new membership validation procedures for use beginning in 2006.[93]


Historical membership controversies

There were membership controversies in the past that have been resolved such as the exclusion of women from leadership positions, those related to the break up of Exploring, and those resulting from racial segregation. See History of the Boy Scouts of America for further information. The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) was inspired by and modeled on the Boy Scout Association, established by Robert Baden-Powell in Britain in 1907. ...


See also

Scouting Portal


Image File history File links Scout_logo2. ... Religion in Scouting and Guiding is an aspect of the Scout method which has been given to misunderstandings and controversies over the years. ... A variety of religious emblems programs approved by the Boy Scouts of America are designed to encourage youth to learn about their faith and to recognize adults who provide significant service to youth in a religious environment. ... A variety of religious emblems programs approved by the Boy Scouts of America are designed to encourage youth to learn about their faith and to recognize adults who provide significant service to youth in a religious environment. ... Scouting is a worldwide youth movement aimed at developing young people physically, mentally and spiritually, so that they may play a constructive role in society. ... The Youth Protection program is a set of standards, guidelines and training used by the Boy Scouts of America to protect both youth members and adult leaders. ...


References

? This article or section uses citations that are either broken or outdated.

This article or section uses citations that link to broken or outdated sources, and are deemed unreliable. Please improve the article or discuss this issue on the talk page. Help on using footnotes is available. This article has been tagged since May 2007. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A dead link or broken link is a link on the world wide web that points to a webpage or server that is permanently unavailable. ...

  1. ^ a b Core Values. BSA Legal. Retrieved on 2006-10-02.
  2. ^ a b c Duty to God. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-10-22.
  3. ^ Boy Scouts & Public Funding: Defending Bigotry as a Public Good. Retrieved on 2006-11-14.
  4. ^ Discrimination in the BSA. BSA Discrimination. Retrieved on 2006-09-04.
  5. ^ Supreme Court Won't Review Berkeley Sea Scouts' Case. Retrieved on 2006-10-17.
  6. ^ Margaret Downey (November 1999). Challenging the discriminatory practices of the Boy Scouts of America. Humanist.
  7. ^ a b Dale v. Boy Scouts (1998) Decision of the Superior Court of New Jersey Appellate Division,308 N.J. Super. 516
  8. ^ Robert Baden-Powell (1908) Scouting for Boys, quoted here and elsewhere
  9. ^ Patrick Boyle (2000). Holy War. The Phoenix. Retrieved on 2006-12-08.
  10. ^ Boy Scouts of America et al. v. Dale (2000) Decision of the US Supreme Court
  11. ^ Jay Mechling, On My Honor: Boy Scouts and the Making of American Youth, University of Chicago Press, 2001., excerpt here
  12. ^ Pool & Geller v. BSA Compainant's Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law
  13. ^ Curran v. Mount Diablo Council of the Boy Scouts of America (1998) Decision of the California Supreme Court
  14. ^ Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, No. 99-699 (U.S. June 28, 2000)[1]
  15. ^ a b c Morally Straight. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-02-28.
  16. ^ BSA's Policy on Homosexuals. BSA Discrimination. Retrieved on 2006-07-08.
  17. ^ BSA Sustained By US Supreme Court. BSA National Council. Retrieved on 2006-07-09.
  18. ^ Scouting Forms from the National Council. Scouting.org. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  19. ^ A Review of BSA's Gay Policy. BSA Discrimination.
  20. ^ Scouted Out. Mother Jones.com. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  21. ^ a b c Derrick Z. Jackson (June 8, 2001). Opening the Door to Gay Boy Scouts. Boston Globe.
  22. ^ Boston Minuteman Council: Policy of Nondiscrimination. BSA Discrimination.org. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  23. ^ Gary L. Morella. “Please ask, please tell” not “Don’t ask, don’t tell” should be the watchwords for organizations like the Boy Scouts. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  24. ^ Jon Dougherty (2001). Words don't hide homosexuality. WorldNetDaily.
  25. ^ a b Litigation regarding girls seeking membership. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  26. ^ a b United Way to Continue Aid to Central Jersey Scouts. NY Times (August 31, 2001). Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
  27. ^ Scout UK Equal Opportunity Policy for young people and for adults.
  28. ^ World Scouting Movement. BSA Discrimination. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  29. ^ BSA and Religious Belief. BSA Discrimination.org. Retrieved on 2006-10-16.
  30. ^ Girl Scout Promise and Law. Girl Scouts of the USA.
  31. ^ Alternative Youth Groups. BSA Discrimination. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  32. ^ Litigation. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-07-09.
  33. ^ Teaching “Boys to Do Things for Themselves and Others”. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-07-09.
  34. ^ BSA and Girls in Scouting. Discrimination in the BSA. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  35. ^ v. Mount Diablo Council, Boy Scouts of America, 952 P.2d 218
  36. ^ Randall v. Orange County CouncilPDF (34.3 KiB), 17 Cal. 4th 73
  37. ^ e.g. Merino v. BSA, Pool & Geller v. BSA, Welsh v. BSA, Seabourn v. BSA. See Discrimination in the BSA
  38. ^ a b c Access to Government Forums. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-07-09.
  39. ^ Pentagon Agrees to End Direct Sponsorship of Boy Scout Troops in Response to Religious Discrimination Charge. American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  40. ^ National Boy Scout Organization Agrees to End All Local Government Direct Sponsorship of Troops and Packs. American Civil Liberties Union of Illinois. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  41. ^ Boy Scouts Jamboree to stay at Army base. Washington Times. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  42. ^ Boy Scouts Say They're Like KKK Youth. Scouting for All. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  43. ^ Winkler v. Chicago School Reform Board, et al., Evans v. Berkeley, discussed here
  44. ^ Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act. US Dept. of Education - Office expelof Civil Rights. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  45. ^ Support Our Scouts Act of 2005. US Library of Congress (March 16, 2005).
  46. ^ Seper, Jerry. "High court spurns appeal by Scouts", Washington Times, 2004-03-09. Retrieved on 2006-10-17. 
  47. ^ Berkeley Sea Scout Decision Appealed to United States Supreme Court. Pacific Legal Foundation Press Release (July 11, 2006). Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
  48. ^ Egelko, Bob. "Top court rejects Sea Scouts' appeal on rent subsidy", San Francisco Chronicle, 2006-10-17, pp. B2. Retrieved on 2006-11-03. 
  49. ^ Court OKs Boy Scout recruiting at schools. The Oregonian. Retrieved on 2006-10-11.
  50. ^ Prominent Chicago Religious Leaders Ask Federal Appellate Court to Protect Government Neutrality in Religion and End Pentagon's Extraordinary Funding for Boy Scout Jamboree. ACLU of Illinois Press Release (April 5, 2006). Retrieved on 2006-11-03.
  51. ^ BSALEGAL.ORG talks to George A. Davidson, BSA National Counsel, about Winkler v. Rumsfeld. Retrieved on 2007-03-26.
  52. ^ Congressman Frank's Statement Supporting 'Scouting for All'. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  53. ^ In Support of Values. Scouting Magazine (March-April 2001).
  54. ^ A dramatic protest by some Eagle Scouts Dismayed that the Boy Scouts bar gays as leaders, some members return their prized Eagle badges. Philadelphia Inquirer (July 18). Retrieved on 2006-11-03. mirrored on Scoutingforall
  55. ^ Memorandum: Boy Scouts of America. Union for Reform Judaism. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  56. ^ UCC Condemns BSA's Policies. BSA Discrimination.org. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  57. ^ a b c d The Impact of the Boy Scouts of America’s Anti-Gay Discrimination. Lambda Legal. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  58. ^ The Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors told the BSA They Couldn't Use Its Facility Free of Charge as Long as They Had a Discriminatory Policy. Scouting for All. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  59. ^ The Connecticut Human Rights Organization Affirmed Its Earlier Decision to Exclude the Boy Scouts from the State Employee Fund-raising Campaign. Scouting for All. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  60. ^ Spielberg resigns from Boy Scouts board. Hollywood.com. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  61. ^ Lerch, Juanita L. (01-01-2002). Vermont Scouts: Is There Change in the Wind?. Out in the Mountains. Mountain Pride Media. Retrieved on 2007-03-27.
  62. ^ Barnett, Robert. Boy Scouts of America reaffirms position on homosexuality. Minnesota Family Council. Retrieved on 2007-03-27.
  63. ^ Jim Merrett. Scout's Honor. Advocate Magazine. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  64. ^ Official Site. Coalition For Inclusive Scouting. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
  65. ^ About Us. Scouting for All. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
  66. ^ Dave Rice. Scouting for All. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  67. ^ Carol Ness (13 September 1998). Scouts Expel Longtime Leader. San Francisco Gate.
  68. ^ Boy Scouts of America Resolution. Boy Scouts of America– National Council. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  69. ^ House Resolution 853: Recognizing the Boy Scouts of America for the public service the organization performs for neighborhoods and communities across the United States. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  70. ^ House Concurrent Resolution 6. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2006-04-13.
  71. ^ Alexander, Frist Announce “SUPPORT OUR SCOUTS ACT OF 2005”. Retrieved on 2006-07-14.
  72. ^ 2001 Report to the Nation (html). Boy Scouts of America (2001). Retrieved on 2007-02-27.
  73. ^ Bush Calls Scout Values 'America's Values'. CNSNews.com. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  74. ^ What Others Are Saying. BSA Legal Issues. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  75. ^ ACRU supports Scouting. Scouting Legal Defense Fund. Retrieved on 2006-02-01.
  76. ^ Amicus Curie brief in Barnes-Wallace v. BSA (PDF). American Civil Rights Union. Retrieved on 2006-07-11.
  77. ^ About Save our Scouts. Save our Scouts. Retrieved on 2000-04-11.
  78. ^ Scout Honor Coalition. HansZeiger.net. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  79. ^ Defending the Scouts. The Washington Times (July 13).
  80. ^ Help the Boy Scouts. Grassfire.net. Retrieved on 2006-07-08.
  81. ^ a b c Brief of Amici Curiae, Boy Scouts of America v. James Dale (PDF) (2000). Retrieved on 2006-03-15.
  82. ^ BSA at a Glance: 2004 (PDF). Boy Scouts of America (2006). Retrieved on 2006-07-15.
  83. ^ Hinckley, Gordon (2006). "What is the Church's attitude toward homosexuality?". The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Retrieved on 2006-11-02.
  84. ^ David France (6 August). Scouts Divided. Newsweek. Retrieved on 2006-11-04.
  85. ^ What Happens If Scouts Must Admit Gays?. Mormon News. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  86. ^ Boy Scouts of America Membership Declines. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  87. ^ a b BSA Lose Parents. BSA Discrimination.org. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  88. ^ Stemming Membership Decline. Scout eh!. Retrieved on 2006-07-15.
  89. ^ Saying No to bias in BSA, or not?. BSA Discrimination.org. Retrieved on 2006-03-10.
  90. ^ a b Boy Scouts Suspected of Inflating Rolls. Washington Post. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  91. ^ Whistleblower Faults Scouts' Audit. WXIA 11Alive.com. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  92. ^ Number of black Atlanta Boy Scouts in dispute. MSNBC. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  93. ^ New Membership Validation Process. The Commissioner. Retrieved on 2006-07-09.

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of Chicago Press is the largest university press in the U.S. It is operated by the University of Chicago and publishes a wide variety of academic titles, including The Chicago Manual of Style, dozens of academic journals including Critical Inquiry, and a wide array of texts covering... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Portable Document Format (PDF) is the file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for document exchange. ... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 95th day of the year (96th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Sites supportive of the Boy Scouts of America's policies
  • Boy Scouts of America's official legal site
  • Eagle Scout Rally for Tradition Foundation
  • Scouting Legal Defense Fund
  • Save Our Scouts
Sites critical of the Boy Scouts of America's policies
  • Scouting for All
  • Discrimination in the Boy Scouts of America
  • Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance's Webpage on the BSA
Other sites
  • Definitions of Scouting terminology
v • d • e
Scouting Topics
20 articles
Scouting in the United States, Boy Scouts of America

Scouting in the United States • Girl Scouts of the USA • GSUSA Local Councils • Girl Scout levels (USA) • Boy Scouts of America • Cub Scouting • Boy Scouting • Varsity Scouting • Venturing BSA • Sea Scouting • Order of the Arrow • BSA Advancement & recognition • Eagle Scout • Notable Eagle Scouts • History of merit badges • History of the BSA • BSA Uniform & insignia • Boy Scout Handbook • BSA Local Councils • BSA membership controveries Image File history File links Hatcombine. ... Scouting in the United States can refer to Scouting associations that are recognized by one of the international Scouting organizations as well as independent groups that are considered to be Scout-likeor otherwise Scouting related. ... The Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA) is a youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad. ... The Girl Scouts of the USA have five age levels: Daisy, Brownie, Junior, Cadette, and Senior. ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... Cub Scouting is part of the Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), available to boys from first through fifth-grade, or 7–10 years of age and their families. ... Boy Scouting is a part of the program that the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) offers for boys and young men. ... Varsity Scouting is part of the Boy Scouting program of the BSA. It is an alternative available to boys ages fourteen through seventeen that takes the basic Boy Scouting program and adds high adventure, sporting, and other elements that are more appealing to older youth to accomplish the aims of... Venturing is part of the program of the Boy Scouts of America for young adults, men and women, generally between the ages of 14 and 20. ... Sea Scouts is part of the Boy Scouts of Americas program for young adults, men and women, who are generally between the ages of 14 and 20. ... The Order of the Arrow (OA) is the national honor society of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). ... Since its inception, the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) has had a tradition of advancement, honors and recognition. ... An Eagle Scout is a Scout with the highest rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). ... The Eagle Scout medal is presented to Scouts who earn the Eagle Scout rank. ... BSA Merit Badge Samples: Gardening, Type A (center); Fish & Wildlife Management, Type J (upper right); Citizenship In The Home, Type E (lower right); Collections, Type H (lower left); Camping, Type D (upper left). ... The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) was inspired by and modeled on the Boy Scout Association, established by Robert Baden-Powell in Britain in 1907. ... The Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) gives a Scout visibility and creates a level of identity within both the unit and the community. ... The Boy Scouts is the official handbook of the Boy Scouts and the Boy Scouts of America. ...



 
 

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