Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac met in 1951 when both were successfully building and racing their own cars in Australia. Brabham went to the United Kingdom in 1955 to further his racing career. Driving for the Cooper Car Company works team, he became Formula One world champion in 1959 and 1960. In addition to driving, he had significant technical involvement at Cooper, particularly with the development of the 1960 T53 ‘lowline’ car. Brabham consulted Tauranac by letter on technical matters and fed the results back into the Cooper designs.^[1] Jack Brabhams 1961 Cooper-Climax, the car that began the rear-engine revolution at the Indianapolis 500 Sir John Arthur Jack Brabham, OBE (born April 2, 1926) is an Australian racing driver who was Formula One champion in 1959, 1960 and 1966. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Jack Brabhams 1961 Cooper-Climax, the car that began the rear-engine revolution at the Indianapolis 500 The Cooper Car Company was founded in 1947 by Charles Cooper and his son John Cooper. ... // Season Summary Season Review 1959 Constructors Championship final standings 1959 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... // Season Summary Season Review 1960 Constructors Championship final standings 1960 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ...

Although Cooper had revolutionised Formula One by introducing the mid-engined layout, their approach to car design was less than scientific and Brabham felt sure that he could improve on it. In 1959 Brabham invited his friend Tauranac to come to the UK and work with him. Brabham described Tauranac as "absolutely the only bloke I'd have gone into partnership with".^[2] Initially this was at his car dealership, Jack Brabham Motors, producing upgrade kits for Sunbeam Rapier and Triumph Herald road cars, but with the long-term aim to design racing cars.^[3] In Automobile design, an MR or Mid-engine, Rear wheel drive layout drives the rear wheels with an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment. ... The Sunbeam Rapier was the first of the Audax range of light cars produced by the Rootes Group. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Triumph Herald The Triumph Herald was a small two-door car introduced in 1959 by the Standard-Triumph Company. ...

Brabham and Tauranac set up a company called Motor Racing Developments Ltd, avoiding use of either man’s name, and produced their first car for the entry level Formula Junior class in the summer of 1961. Initially known as an MRD, the car's name was soon changed. Jabby Crombac pointed out that "[the] way a Frenchman pronounces those initials — written phonetically, 'em air day' — sounded perilously like the French word... merde."^[4] The cars were subsequently known as Brabhams, with type numbers starting with BT for 'Brabham Tauranac'.^[5] Formula Junior is a racing class first adopted in October 1958 by the CSI (Controller of International Motorsport, now FIA). ... Gérard Crombac nicknamed Jabby (born March 7, 1929 in Zurich - died November 18, 2005), was one of the most famous francophone auto-racing journalist. ...

By the 1961 Formula One season, the first run under a new 1.5 litre engine capacity limit, the Lotus and Ferrari teams had developed the mid-engined approach further than Cooper. Having run his own private Coopers in non-championship events during 1961, Brabham left in 1962 to drive for his own team: Brabham Racing Organisation.^[6] The cars would be built by Motor Racing Developments, but because MRD's focus was on selling customer cars to generate income it was not until partway through the 1962 Formula One season that MRD delivered the first Brabham Formula One car, the BT3.^[7] Season Summary Season Review 1961 Constructors Championship final standings 1961 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ... Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro is the name for the Gestione Sportiva, the division of the Ferrari automobile company concerned with racing. ...

Racing history - Formula One

Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac (1961-1970)

1970's BT33 was the team's first monocoque design, 8 years after the concept was introduced in the Lotus 25.

The logo of the Brabham Racing Organisation which entered the works MRD cars until 1965

The Brabham Racing Organisation (BRO) started the 1962 season, its first in Formula One, with an outdated customer Lotus 21-Climax. The team did not debut their own BT3, run in a turquoise livery and powered by the new V8 Climax engine, until the 1962 German Grand Prix, where driver Brabham retired with a throttle problem after nine of the fifteen laps. By the last two races of the season the car was competitive enough for him to take a pair of fourth places.^[8] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1000x628, 114 KB) Summary Released under GFDL with the kind permission of the creator of this image, Gerald Swan. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1000x628, 114 KB) Summary Released under GFDL with the kind permission of the creator of this image, Gerald Swan. ... Monocoque (French for single shell) is a construction technique that uses the external skin of an object to support some or most of the load on the structure. ... The Lotus 25 was designed by Colin Chapman for the 1962 Formula 1 season. ... Logo for Brabham F1 Team This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Logo for Brabham F1 Team This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Season Summary Season Review 1962 Constructors Championship final standings 1962 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ... Coventry Climax was a British fork-lift truck, fire pump, and specialty engine manufacturer. ... A livery is a uniform worn by a civilian person. ... Results from the 1962 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on August 5, 1962 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Graham Hill 10. ... In an engine, the throttle is the mechanism by which the engines power is increased or decreased. ...

From the 1963 season, the cars were run in Australia's racing colours of green and gold.^[9] Jack Brabham took the team's first win at the non-championship 1963 Solitude Grand Prix in Germany.^[10] Between 1963 and 1965, Brabham was partnered by American driver Dan Gurney, who took the marque's first win in the world championship, at the 1964 French Grand Prix. Gurney won again at the 1964 Mexican Grand Prix and Brabham works and customer cars took another three non-championship wins during the 1964 season.^[11] The 1965 season was less successful, with no championship wins. During this period, Brabham finished third or fourth in the constructors' championship each year, but promising performances were marred by poor reliability on several occasions. Commentators, including Ron Tauranac, have said that a lack of resources may have cost the team results.^[12] Season Summary Season Review 1963 Constructors Championship final standings 1963 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... Until the 1970s, vehicles competing in Formula One and other international auto racing competitions customarily painted their cars in national colors. ... The Solituderennen is a former race track that held motorsports events until 1965 on a 11. ... Daniel Sexton Gurney (born April 13, 1931) is one of the most important figures in the history of American auto racing. ... A marque (French for brand and pronounced as mark) is a brand name, most commonly used for automobile brands. ... Results from the 1964 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Rouen-Les-Essarts on June 28, 1964. ... Results from the 1964 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on October 25, 1964. ... Season Summary Season Review 1964 Constructors Championship final standings 1964 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... Season Summary Season Review 1965 Constructors Championship final standings 1965 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ...

The Formula One engine capacity limit was raised to 3 litres for the 1966 season and suitable engines were scarce. Brabham used engines from Australian engineering firm Repco (see below), which had never produced a Formula One engine before. Few expected the Brabham-Repcos to be competitive,^[13] but the light and reliable cars ran at the front from the start of the season and at the French Grand Prix at Reims-Gueux, Jack Brabham became the first man to win a Formula One world championship race in a car bearing his own name. Only his former team mate, Bruce McLaren, has since matched the achievement. It was the first in a run of four straight wins for the Australian veteran. Jack Brabham won his third title in 1966, becoming the only driver, as of 2006, to win the Formula One World Championship in a car carrying his own name (cf Surtees, Hill and Fittipaldi Automotive). In 1967, the title went to Brabham's team mate, New Zealander Denny Hulme. Hulme had better reliability through the year, possibly due to Jack Brabham's desire to try new parts first.^[14] The Brabham team took the constructors' world championship in both years.^[15] This article recaps the 1966 Formula One season. ... Repco was a Formula One engine manufacturer from 1966 through 1969. ... Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Results from the 1966 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Reims on July 3, 1966 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Lorenzo Bandini 211. ... The circuit of Reims-Gueux as it looked between 1926 and 1951. ... Bruce Leslie McLaren (30 August 1937–2 June 1970), born in Auckland, New Zealand, was a race-car designer, driver, engineer and inventor. ... The Surtees Racing Organization was a race team that spent 9 seasons (1970 to 1978) as a constructor in Formula One. ... Hill was a short-lived Formula 1 team started by the two-time Formula 1 world-champion Graham Hill, racing as a constructor in 1975. ... Fittipaldi Automotive, sometimes called Copersucar after its first major sponsor, was the only Formula One motor racing team and constructor ever to be based in Brazil. ... Season Summary Season Review 1967 Constructors Championship final standings 1967 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Hulme left for McLaren in 1968 and was replaced by Austrian Jochen Rindt. A more powerful version of the Repco V8 was produced to maintain competitiveness against Ford's new Cosworth DFV, but proved very unreliable. The car was fast — Rindt set pole position twice during the season — but Brabham and Rindt finished only three races between them, and ended the year having scored just ten points.^[16] McLaren, founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren (1937–1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ... Season Summary Season Review 1968 Constructors Championship final standings 1968 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... Jochen Rindt Karl Jochen Rindt (born April 18, 1942 - died September 5, 1970) was a racing driver. ... The Cosworth DFV V8 engine (DFV standing for double four valve) was the most successful in the history of Formula 1/Grand Prix motor racing. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Brabham bought Cosworth DFV engines for the 1969 season. Rindt left for Lotus and was replaced by Jacky Ickx, who had a strong second half to the season, winning in Germany and Canada, after Jack Brabham was sidelined by a testing accident.^[17] Ickx finished second in the drivers' championship, with 37 points to Jackie Stewart's 63. Brabham himself took a couple of pole positions and two top three finishes, but did not finish half the races. The team were second in the constructors' championship, aided by second places at Monaco and Watkins Glen scored by Piers Courage, driving a Brabham for the Frank Williams Racing Cars privateer squad.^[18] Season Summary Season Review 1969 Constructors Championship final standings 1969 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Jackie Stewart talks with fans at the 2005 United States Grand Prix at Indianapolis Sir John Young Stewart, OBE[1] (born 11 June 1939 in Milton, West Dunbartonshire), better known as Jackie Stewart, and nicknamed The Flying Scot, is a Scottish three-time Formula One racing champion. ... Results from the 1969 Formula One United States Grand Prix held at Watkins Glen on October 5, 1969 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jochen Rindt 104. ... Piers Courage - born 27 May 1942 - was a Formula One driver from Britain. ... Not to be confused with Williams Grand Prix Engineering, who Frank Williams formed with Patrick Head in 1977, and are still racing today. ...

Jack Brabham intended to retire at the end of the 1969 season and sold his share in the team to Tauranac. However, Rindt's late decision to remain with Lotus meant that Brabham drove for another year.^[19] He took his last win in the opening race of the 1970 season and competed at the front throughout the year, although his challenge was blunted by repeated mechanical failures.^[20] Aided by number two driver Rolf Stommelen, the team came fourth in the constructors' championship. This article recaps the 1970 Formula One season. ... Rolf Stommelen was a Formula One driver from Germany born on July 11, 1943. ...

Ron Tauranac (1971)

The one-off 'lobster claw' BT34 provided Graham Hill with his final Formula One win in 1971.

After Jack Brabham retired, Tauranac ran the team for the 1971 season. He signed veteran double world champion Graham Hill and the young Australian Tim Schenken. Tauranac designed the unusual ‘lobster claw’ BT34, with twin radiators mounted ahead of the front wheels, a single example of which was built for Hill. Schenken drove an updated BT33. Although Hill did take his final Formula One win in the non-championship BRDC International Trophy at Silverstone,^[21] it was not generally a successful year, with only seven points scored in total. Image File history File linksMetadata 1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34. ... This article recaps the 1971 Formula One season. ... Norman Graham Hill, known as Graham Hill, was an English motor racing champion (born February 15, 1929 in Hampstead, London - died November 29, 1975 near Arkley, North London) He is the only driver to win the so-called Triple Crown of motor racing: the Indianapolis 500 (1966) the 24 Hours... Tim Schenken was a Formula One driver from Australia. ... Graham Hill in the Brabham BT34 Lobster-Claw, on his way to victory in the 1971 International Trophy. ... Silverstone Circuit is a racing circuit at Silverstone, England. ...

Tauranac, an engineer first and foremost, was sceptical about his ability to run the commercial side of the business, which had always been looked after by his partner. He started to feel that Formula One, with its increasing budgets, around £100,000 in 1971, was a gamble he could not afford to take.^[22] During the 1971 season Tauranac started to look around for a suitable partner to buy the business and take the financial risk out of his hands. He eventually sold Brabham to Bernie Ecclestone, Jochen Rindt's former manager and erstwhile owner of the Connaught team, but stayed on as designer and to run the factory.^[23] Bernard Charles Bernie Ecclestone (born October 28, 1930 in Ipswich, Suffolk, United Kingdom) is the president and CEO of Formula One Management and Formula One Administration, and owns a stake in Alpha Prema, the parent company of the Formula One Group of companies. ... Connaught was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...

Bernie Ecclestone (1972-1987)

Tauranac left Brabham early in the 1972 season. He and Ecclestone later agreed that their personalities did not allow for shared leadership.^{[citation needed]} Pole position for Carlos Reutemann at his home race at Buenos Aires and a victory in the non-championship Interlagos Grand Prix were the highlights of an aimless year, during which the team ran three different models. For the 1973 season, Ecclestone promoted Gordon Murray to chief designer. The young South African produced the triangular cross-section BT42, with which Reutemann scored two podium finishes and seventh place in the drivers' championship. This article recaps the 1972 Formula One season. ... Carlos Reutemann in 1980, near the end of his racing career Carlos Alberto Reutemann (b. ... Buenos Aires (English: ; originally , City of the Most Holy Trinity and Port of Saint Mary of the Fair Winds;[1] pronounced ) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port. ... The 1973 Formula One season was the 24th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Gordon Murray (born 1946 in Durban, South Africa) is a renowned designer of Formula 1 race cars and the McLaren F1 roadcar. ...

In the 1974 season Reutemann took the first three victories of his Formula One career, and Brabham's first since 1970. The team finished a close fifth in the constructors' championship, fielding the much more competitive BT44s. After a strong finish to the 1974 season, many observers felt the team were favourites to win the 1975 title. The year started well, with an emotional first win for Carlos Pace at the Interlagos circuit in his native São Paulo. However, over the season tyre wear frequently slowed the cars, and the initial promise was not maintained.^[24] Pace took another two podiums and finished sixth in the championship; while five podium finishes, including a dominant win in the 1975 German Grand Prix, placed Reutemann third. The team was ranked third in the constructors' table at the end of the year. The 1974 Formula One season was the 25th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Carlos Reutemann in the all-white Brabham BT44 at the 1974 Race of Champions The Brabham BT44 was an F1 car designed by Gordon Murray, Brabhams chief designer. ... The 1975 Formula One season was the 26th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Carlos Pace (born October 6, 1944 - died March 18, 1977) was a Formula One driver from Brazil. ... Autódromo José Carlos Pace is the venue of the Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix, located in a suburb of the city of São Paulo, named after José Carlos Pace, a Brazilian Formula One driver, who had died prior to its naming. ... Motto: Non ducor, duco (Latin: I am not led, I lead) Administrative division of the city Country Brazil Region Southeast State São Paulo Mayor Gilberto Kassab (PFL) Area    - City 1,522. ... Results from the 1975 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on August 3, 1975 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Clay Regazzoni 76. ...

Three-time World Champion Niki Lauda won two races for Brabham before walking out at the 1979 Canadian Grand Prix.

Despite the increasing success of Murray’s nimble Ford-powered cars, Ecclestone signed a deal with Alfa Romeo to use their powerful but heavy flat-12 engine from the 1976 season. The engines were free but the new BT45s, now in red Martini Racing livery, were unreliable and overweight. The 1976 and 1977 seasons saw Brabham fall toward the back of the field again. Reutemann negotiated a release from his contract before the end of the 1976 season, signed with Ferrari, and was replaced at Brabham by Ulsterman John Watson. The team lost Carlos Pace early in the 1977 season when he was killed in a light aircraft accident. Image File history File links Niki_Lauda. ... Image File history File links Niki_Lauda. ... Andreas Nikolaus Niki Lauda (born February 22, 1949) is an Austrian racing driver. ... Results from the 1979 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on September 30, 1979 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alan Jones 131. ... Alfa Romeo is an Italian automobile manufacturing company, founded as Darracq Italiana by Cavaliere Ugo Stella, an aristocrat from Milan in partnership with the French automobile firm of Alexandre Darracq. ... A flat-12 is an internal combustion engine in flat configuration, having 12 cylinders. ... The 1976 Formula One season was the 27th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Martini Racing is the name under which various motor racing teams raced when sponsored by the Martini & Rossi distillery that produces Martini vermouth. ... The 1977 Formula One season was the 28th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro is the name for the Gestione Sportiva, the division of the Ferrari automobile company concerned with racing. ... John Marshall Watson, born May 4, 1946 in Belfast, Northern Ireland, was a Formula 1 race car driver. ... General aviation (abbr. ...

For the 1978 season Murray’s radical BT46 featured several new technologies to overcome the weight and packaging difficulties caused by the Alfa engines. Ecclestone signed then two-time world champion Niki Lauda, whose US$1 million salary demand was met with sponsorship from the Italian dairy products company Parmalat. 1978 was the year of the dominant Lotus 79 ‘wing car’, which used aerodynamic ground effect to stick to the track when cornering, but the combination of Lauda and the BT46 brought two wins. The first was with the controversial 'B' version of the car, dubbed the "fan car", which exploited a loophole in the regulations. This loophole was promptly closed (see below), but the standard BT46 was competitive throughout the rest of the year. The 1978 Formula One season was the 29th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... The Brabham BT46 was a Formula One racing car, designed by Gordon Murray for the Brabham team owned by Bernie Ecclestone for the 1978 Formula One season. ... Andreas Nikolaus Niki Lauda (born February 22, 1949) is an Austrian racing driver. ... Parmalat logo. ... Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ... Lotus 79 at the 2006 Goodwood Festival of Speed The Lotus 79 was a Formula 1 car designed in late 1977 by Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie, Tony Rudd and Peter Wright of Lotus. ... Ground effect (or Wing In Ground effect) is a phenomenon of aerodynamics where the flow of air around part of an aircraft or a racing car is interrupted by the ground. ... Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

The Brabham-Alfa era ended during the 1979 season, the team's first with young Brazilian Nelson Piquet. Murray designed the overambitious, full-ground-effects BT48 around a rapidly developed and unreliable new Alfa V12 engine. Despite an effective carbon-carbon braking system — a technology Brabham pioneered in 1976 (see below) — the team dropped to eighth by the end of the season. Alfa Romeo started testing their own Formula One car during this season, prompting Ecclestone to revert to Cosworth DFV engines. The new, lighter, Ford-powered BT49 was introduced before the end of the year at the 1979 Canadian Grand Prix; where after practice Lauda announced his retirement from driving, having lost all motivation to race. The 1979 Formula One season was the 30th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ... Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Brabham BT49D driven by Christian Glaesel at a Thoroughbred Grand Prix race at Brands Hatch in September 2005 The Brabham BT49 was a ground effect Formula 1 car designed by Gordon Murray as a comeback from the uncompetitiveness of the Alfa Romeo powered cars. ... Results from the 1979 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on September 30, 1979 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alan Jones 131. ...

Nelson Piquet won his second world championship for Brabham in the turbo-engined Brabham BT52

The team used the BT49 over four seasons. In the 1980 season Piquet scored three wins and the team took third in the constructors' championship. This season saw the introduction of the blue and white livery that the cars would wear through several changes of sponsor, until the team's demise in 1992. By now the team fully understood the ground-effect phenomenon and further developed the BT49C for the 1981 season. In 1981 the sport's governing body, FISA, introduced ride-height limitations to reduce ground effect and therefore cornering speeds. Murray devised a hydropneumatic suspension system (see below) in reaction to this. Piquet, who had developed a close working relationship with Murray^[25] took the drivers' title with three wins, albeit in the face of accusations of cheating (see below). Image File history File links Brabham1983. ... Image File history File links Brabham1983. ... Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ... The Brabham BT52 was a Formula 1 car designed for the Brabham team by South African Gordon Murray for the 1983 F1 season. ... The 1980 Formula One season was the 31st FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... This article recaps the 1981 Formula One season. ... The Fédération Internationale de lAutomobile, commonly referred to as the FIA, is a non-profit association established in 1904 to represent the interest of motoring organisations and motor car users. ... Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

Brabham had tested a BMW turbocharged engine in the summer of 1981, and 1982's new BT50 was designed around it. Brabham continued to run the Ford-powered BT49D in the early part of the season while reliability and driveability issues were resolved. The turbo car took its first win at the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix. In the 1983 season, the BT52B-BMW, driven by Piquet, was the first world-championship-winning turbo-powered Formula One car. Piquet scored a sequence of good results from mid-season to overtake Renault's Alain Prost at the last race of the year, the South African Grand Prix. The team did not win the constructor's championship in either 1981 or 1983, despite its lead driver's success. The drivers in the second car contributed only a fraction of the teams points in each of these championship seasons. BMW-Sauber F1, is a Formula One team with bases in Hinwil, Switzerland and Munich, Germany. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... The 1982 Formula One season was the 33th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ... Results from the 1982 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 13, 1982 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Didier Pironi 128. ... This article recaps the 1983 Formula One season. ... Renault F1 is a Formula One racing team that has competed both as an engine supplier and as a constructor from the late 1970s to the present day, with several breaks. ... For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ... Results from the 1983 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on October 15, 1983 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 19. ...

Piquet took the team’s last win at the 1985 French Grand Prix before reluctantly leaving for Williams at the end of the season. After seven years and two world championships, he felt he was worth more than Ecclestone's salary offer for 1986.^[25] Murray's radical long and low BT55, with its BMW engine tilted over to provide clean airflow to the rear wing, scored only two points in the 1986 Formula One season; the engine did not perform well in this orientation and the gearbox from Weissman was unreliable. By now a Formula One team budget for the year was £10 - 12 million.^[26] Italian Elio de Angelis became the Formula One team's first fatality when he was killed in a testing accident at Paul Ricard. Murray, who since 1973 had designed Brabham cars that had scored 22 Grand Prix wins, left the team at the end of the year.^[27] Results from the 1985 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 7, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Keke Rosberg 139. ... WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ... This article recaps the Formula One season of 1986. ... Elio de Angelis (born 26 March 1958 - died 15 May 1986) was a Formula One driver who participated between 1979 and 1986. ... The Paul Ricard Circuit is a motorsport race track built at Le Castellet, near Marseille, France, in 1969 with finance from the eccentric drinks magnate Paul Ricard. ...

From the 1987 season FISA progressively reduced the turbo boost pressure allowed in Formula One, before banning turbocharged engines altogether for 1989.^[28] BMW, whose programme was based around turbocharged versions of their road engines, withdrew from Formula One after the 1987 season. Unable to locate a suitable engine supplier, Ecclestone withdrew the team from Formula One at the beginning of 1988. He eventually sold MRD for £2 million.^[29] It passed through the hands of FIAT before ending up in the ownership of Swiss businessman Joachim Luhti.^[30] This article recaps the Formula One season of 1987. ... Fiat Punto FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ...

Joachim Luhti (1989)

The Brabham team missed the 1988 season during the change of ownership, although MRD did produce a prototype mid-engined racing saloon, the BT57, for Alfa Romeo.^[31] The new BT58, powered by a Judd engine, was produced for the 1989 Formula One season, renewing an old Brabham connection: John Judd had worked on the Repco engine and his company, Engine Developments, was formed in partnership with Jack Brabham.^[32] Italian driver Stefano Modena was signed alongside the more experienced Martin Brundle. The team matched its 1987 performance with eighth place with eight points, including the team's last podium: a third place achieved by Modena at the Monaco Grand Prix. A Toyota Camry, a recognizable sedan The Ford Five Hundred, a medium-sized sedan A sedan car, American English terminology (saloon in British English), is one of the most common body styles of the modern automobile. ... Judd engines are produced by Engine Developments Ltd. ... Season Summary Season Review 1989 Constructors Championship final standings 1989 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons | 1989 in sports ... Stefano Modena was a Formula One driver from Italy. ... Martin Brundle (born June 1, 1959) is an English motor racing and former Formula One driver known chiefly as the man who ran Ayrton Senna close in British Formula Three and as ITV Sport F1 commentator. ... Results from the 1989 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 7, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 125. ...

Middlebridge Racing (1989 - 1992)

After the arrest of Luhti in mid-1989 on tax evasion charges,^[30] ownership of the team was disputed. Middlebridge Group Limited, a Japanese engineering firm which was already involved with established Formula 3000 team Middlebridge Racing, ended up with control of the team for the 1990 Formula One season. They paid for their purchase using £1 million loaned to them by finance company Landhurst Leasing.^[33] Nonetheless, the team was underfunded and would only score a few more points finishes in its last three seasons. Jack Brabham's youngest son, David raced for the Formula One team for a short time in 1990, and was followed by another son of a former Brabham driver and World Champion when Damon Hill joined the team in 1992. Hill was drafted into the team after Giovanna Amati, the last woman to attempt to race in Formula One, was dropped when her sponsorship failed to materialise. Formula 3000 is a type of formula racing. ... This article recaps the 1990 Formula One season. ... David Brabham (born 5 September 1965 in Wimbledon, London, England) is an Australian Formula One driver who raced for the Brabham and Simtek teams. ... Damon Graham Devereux Hill OBE (born 17 September 1960 in London) is a retired English racing driver and the 1996 Formula One World Champion. ... Amati in the late 1990s Giovanna Amati (born in Rome, July 20, 1962) was a professional race car driver from Italy. ...

The team's final cars were designed by Argentine Sergio Rinland and continued to use Judd engines, except for 1991 when Yamaha engines were used. In the 1992 season the cars rarely qualified for races. Hill gave the team its final finish, at the Hungarian Grand Prix, where he crossed the finish line four laps behind the winner. Before the end of the season the team ran out of funds and collapsed. Middlebridge Group Limited had been unable to continue making repayments against the £6 million ultimately provided by Landhurst Leasing, which went into administration. The case was investigated by the Serious Fraud Office. Landhurst's managing directors were found guilty of corruption - having accepted bribes for further loans to Middlebridge - and imprisoned.^[33] It was one of three established constructors to leave Formula One that year, Dallara and March Engineering, along with two more recent teams. Although there was talk of reviving the team for the following year, its assets passed to Landhurst Leasing and were auctioned by the company's receivers in 1993.^[34] Yamaha Motor Company Limited (ヤマハ発動機株式会社) TYO: 7272 , a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company, was initially part of the Yamaha Corporation. ... This article recaps the 1992 Formula One season. ... Results from the 1992 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 16, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 118. ... In English and Welsh insolvency law, an Administration Order is a method used to protect a company experiencing short or medium term financial problems from its creditors. ... The Serious Fraud Office is an arm of the Government of the United Kingdom, accountable to the Attorney-General. ... Dallara was a Formula One constructor from 1988 through 1992. ... March Engineering was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ... Administrative Receivership is when an Official Receiver is put into a company to secure the assets. ...

Motor Racing Developments

Points scored by Piers Courage in a Frank Williams Racing Cars customer Brabham BT26A helped Brabham to second in the 1969 constructors' championship

The Repco Brabham logo from the 1960s.

The company that Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac set up in 1961 to design and build customer formula racing cars was called Motor Racing Developments (MRD). Initially Brabham and Tauranac each held 50 percent of the shares.^[6] Image File history File links 1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26. ... Image File history File links 1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26. ... Piers Courage - born 27 May 1942 - was a Formula One driver from Britain. ... Not to be confused with Williams Grand Prix Engineering, who Frank Williams formed with Patrick Head in 1977, and are still racing today. ... Image File history File links Repco_brabham_logo. ... Image File history File links Repco_brabham_logo. ... Formula racing is a form of motorsport where the type of automobiles used is regulated by a formula. ...

From 1963 to 1965, MRD was not directly involved in Formula One, where the works entry was run by a separate company, Jack Brabham's Brabham Racing Organisation. Like other customers, BRO bought its cars from MRD, initially at £3,000 per car,^[35] although it did not pay for development parts. MRD often ran works cars in other formulae. During this period the cars in all formulae were usually known as "Repco Brabhams", not because of the Repco engines used between 1966 and 1968, but because of a smaller-scale sponsorship deal through which the Australian company had been providing parts to Jack Brabham since his Cooper days.

Tauranac was not happy with his distance from the Formula One operation and suggested that he was no longer interested in producing cars for Formula One under this arrangement. Brabham investigated other chassis suppliers for BRO, however the two reached an agreement and from 1966 MRD was much more closely involved in this category. After Jack Brabham sold his shares in MRD to Ron Tauranac at the end of 1969, the works Formula One team was MRD, although the name on the official entry list sometimes varied in line with sponsorship deals. At the end of 1971 MRD was sold to Bernie Ecclestone, who retained the Brabham ‘brand’, as did subsequent owners.

Under Brabham and Tauranac in the mid-1960s, MRD was the largest manufacturer of single-seat racing cars in the world,^[36] and by 1970 had built over 500 cars.^[37] Brabhams were used by many teams in Formula One, most successfully by Frank Williams Racing Cars and the Rob Walker Racing Team. The 1965 British Grand Prix saw seven Brabhams compete, only two of them from the works team, and there were usually four or five at championship Grands Prix throughout that season. The firm built scores of cars for the lower formulae each year, peaking with 89 cars in 1966.^[37] Brabham had the reputation of providing customers with cars of a standard equal to those used by the works team, which worked ‘out of the box’. The company provided a high degree of support to its customers - including Jack Brabham helping customers set up their cars. Although the production of customer cars continued briefly under Bernie Ecclestone’s ownership, Ecclestone believed the company needed to focus on Formula One to succeed. The last production customer Brabhams were the Formula Two BT40 and Formula Three BT41 of 1973,^[38] although Ecclestone sold ex-works Formula One BT44Bs to RAM Racing as late as 1976.^[39] Not to be confused with Williams Grand Prix Engineering, who Frank Williams formed with Patrick Head in 1977, and are still racing today. ... The Rob Walker Racing Team was a privateer team racing in Formula 1. ... Results from the 1965 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 10, 1965 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Graham Hill 132. ... RAM Racing was a Formula One racing team which only competed during the racing seasons of 1983 to 1985. ...

Racing history - other formulae

Indianapolis 500 & United States Automobile Club national championship

Brabham cars competed at the Indianapolis 500 from the mid 1960s to the early 1970s. After an abortive project in 1962, MRD was commissioned in 1964 to build an Indycar chassis powered by an American Offenhauser engine. The resultant BT12 chassis was raced by Jack Brabham as the Zink-Urschel Trackburner at the 1964 event, but retired on lap 77 with a fuel tank problem. The car was entered again in 1965 and 1966, taking a third place for Jim McElreath on the latter occasion, although MRD was not involved. From 1968 to 1970 Brabham returned to Indianapolis, at first with a 4.2 litre version of the Repco V8 the team used in Formula One, before reverting to the Offenhauser engine for 1970. MRD's best finish was a fifth place for Peter Revson in 1969. The Brabham-Offenhauser combination was used until 1972.^[40] Although not successful at Indianapolis, McElreath won four USAC races over 1965 and 1966 in the BT12.^[41] The Dean Van Lines Special in which Mario Andretti won the 1965 United States Automobile Club (USAC) national championship was a direct copy of this car, by Andretti's crew chief Clint Brawner. Revson won a USAC race in 1969, using the Repco engine. Indianapolis 500, 1994 An Indianapolis 500 racecar depicted on the Indiana state quarter The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, often shortened to Indianapolis 500 or Indy 500, is an American automobile race, held annually over the Memorial Day weekend at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. ... // 1911 to 1919 1911: An accident disrupts the official timing and scoring stand mid-way through the race. ... // 1911 to 1919 1911: An accident disrupts the official timing and scoring stand mid-way through the race. ... Offenhauser was a Formula One engine manufacturer from 1950 through 1960 for the Indianapolis 500. ... Jim McElreath (born February 18, 1928, Arlington, Texas), is a former driver in the USAC and CART Championship Car series. ... Peter Jeffrey Revson (born in New York City, February 27, 1939 - died in Johannesburg, South Africa, March 22, 1974) was a racecar and Formula One driver from United States. ... Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940 in Montona dIstria, Italy, now Motovun, Croatia) is an Italian American racing driver, and one of the most successful Americans in the history of auto racing. ... USAC Logo The United States Automobile Club (USAC) is an open-wheel auto racing sanctioning body. ...

Formula Two

The Brabham BT18-Honda completely dominated Formula Two in 1966

In the 1960s and early 1970s, Formula One drivers often competed in Formula Two as well. In 1966 MRD produced the BT18 for the lower category, with a Honda engine acting as a stressed component. The car was extremely successful, winning 11 consecutive Formula Two races in the hands of the Formula One pairing of Brabham and Hulme. Cars were entered by MRD and not by the Brabham Racing Organisation, avoiding a direct conflict with Repco, their Formula One engine supplier.^[42] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (922x632, 329 KB) This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (922x632, 329 KB) This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v. ... Formula Two was a type of formula racing. ... Formula Two was a type of formula racing. ... For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...

Many top F1 drivers bought the popular Brabham F3 cars in their early careers: James Hunt in a BT21 in 1969.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1000x640, 110 KB) Summary Released under GFDL with the kind permission of the creator of this image, Gerald Swan. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1000x640, 110 KB) Summary Released under GFDL with the kind permission of the creator of this image, Gerald Swan. ... James Simon Wallis Hunt (29 August 1947 – 15 June 1993) was an English racing driver and Formula 1 world champion and subsequently a commentator and businessman. ...

Formula Three

The first Formula Three Brabham was the BT9 in 1964, but it was not until 1965 that the marque really took off in the category. The BT15 was a highly successful design, 58 of which were sold, winning championships in the UK, Italy, Sweden and Denmark. The cars very much followed the design route of their Formula One and Formula Two cousins, combining spaceframe chassis and outboard suspension. Indeed, in the mid 1960s Formulas Three and Two both used 1 litre production-derived engines and the chassis were often very closely related. Further developments of the same concept, featuring the addition of wings, were highly competitive up until 1971. 1972's BT38C was Brabham's first production monocoque and the first not designed by Tauranac, but was less popular and successful than its predecessors. The angular BT41 was the final Formula Three Brabham.^[43] Formula Three, also called Formula 3 or, in abbreviated form, F3, is a type of formula racing and a class of open-wheeler motor racing. ... Simplified space frame roof with the nearest unit polygon hightlighted in blue A space frame is a truss-like, light weight rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. ... A chassis (plural: chassis) consists of a framework which supports an inanimate object, analogous to an animals skeleton; for example in the construction of an automobile or of a firearm. ...

Formula Junior

The first Brabham chassis was the prototype MRD designed for Formula Junior, which at that time provided an entry level of racing. Retrospectively labelled the BT1 the car proved immediately competitive in the hands of Australian amateur racer Gavin Youl. The BT2-series were productionised versions of this prototype. Brabham continued to produce cars for this category until it ended in 1963. Formula Junior is a racing class first adopted in October 1958 by the CSI (Controller of International Motorsport, now FIA). ...

Sportscars

Tauranac did not enjoy designing sportscars and could only spare a small amount of his time from MRD's very successful single-seater business. Only 14 sportscars were built between 1961 and 1972, out of a total production of almost 600 chassis.^[44] The BT8A was the only one built in any numbers, and was quite successful in national level racing in the UK in 1964 and 1965.^[45] The design was "stretched" in 1966 to become the one-off BT17, originally fitted with the 4.3 litre version of the Repco engine for Can-Am racing, but was rapidly abandoned by MRD with engine reliability problems.^[46] Cover of Car and Driver magazine, showing transparent diagram of CanAm racer The Canadian-American Challenge Cup or Can Am, was an SCCA/CASC sports car racing series from 1966 to 1974. ...

Technical innovation

Brabham was often considered a conservative team in the Brabham-Tauranac era of the 1960s. The team won the 1966 and 1967 championships with traditional spaceframe cars six years after Lotus introduced monocoque chassis to Formula One. Designer Tauranac insists that the spaceframe chassis was far easier to repair and while willing and able to innovate - the BT1 was the first racing car to feature an adjustable anti-roll bar, for example - would only do so for good reason. Simplified space frame roof with the nearest unit polygon hightlighted in blue A space frame is a truss-like, light weight rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. ... Monocoque (French for single shell) is a construction technique that uses the external skin of an object to support some or most of the load on the structure. ... A sway bar (also called an anti-sway bar or anti-roll bar) is an automobile suspension device. ...

Early Brabhams went well on fast tracks; a fact Tauranac attributes in part to MRD’s pioneering use of wind tunnel testing to hone their aerodynamics. As early as 1963, tests in the Motor Industry Research Association tunnel taught the team to keep the nose of the car as close to the track as possible, to minimise aerodynamic lift.^[47] Brabham was one of the first teams to use trim tabs at the front of the car to control lift. They appeared as early as 1962 on the Formula Junior car^[48] and at the 1968 Belgian Grand Prix Brabham were the first, alongside Ferrari, to introduce full width rear wings for downforce and increased grip.^[49] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Aerodynamics (shaping of objects that affect the flow of air, liquid or gas) is a branch of fluid dynamics concerned with the study of forces and gas flows. ... The Motor Industry Research Association, often known as MIRA, is a limited company based in the United Kingdom, which provides product engineering, research, testing, information and certification services to the automotive sector. ... Lift consists of the sum of all the fluid dynamic forces on a body perpendicular to the direction of the external flow approaching that body. ... Results from the 1968 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on June 9, 1968 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Chris Amon 330. ... The term downforce describes the downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a racing car that allow it to travel faster through a corner by holding the car to the track or road surface. ... It has been suggested that Coefficient of friction be merged into this article or section. ...

The team's most fertile period of technical innovation came in the 1970s and 1980s when Gordon Murray became technical director. During 1976, the team introduced carbon-carbon brakes to Formula One, which promised reduced unsprung weight and greater frictional performance. The initial versions used reinforced carbon-carbon composite pads and a steel disc faced with carbon pucks. The technology was not reliable at first; Carlos Pace was almost killed at the Österreichring in 1976 when he went off the circuit at 180 mph, after heat buildup in the brakes boiled the brake fluid leaving him with no effective braking.^[50] By 1979 Brabham had developed an effective carbon-carbon braking system, combining structural carbon discs with carbon pads.^[51] Close-up of a disc brake on a car On automobiles, disc brakes are often located within the wheel disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel. ... Unsprung weight is a term used to describe that part of a vehicles mass that is directly connected to the wheels, and not isolated through the suspension. ... Mock-up of a space shuttle leading edge, showing brittle failure of RCC due to foam impact reproducing the conditions of Columbias final launch. ... The old Steel cable of a colliery winding tower Steel is sometimes described as a sea of electrons. ... The Österreichring is a Austrian race circuit which hosted the Formula One Austrian Grand Prix 18 consecutive years, from 1970 through 1987. ... Brake fluid is a type of hydraulic fluid used in brake applications in automobiles and light trucks. ...

The 1978 BT46B ‘Fan car’ won its only race before being banned.

The Brabham BT46B of 1978, also known as the Fan car, was designed to compete with the Lotus 79 'wing car'. It generated an immense level of downforce by means of a fan, claimed to be for increased cooling, but which also extracted air from beneath the car. The car only raced once in the Formula One World Championship, Niki Lauda winning the 1978 Swedish Grand Prix at Anderstorp. Ecclestone agreed with the other teams that he would withdraw it after three races. The FIA, while agreeing that the car was a legitimate interpretation of the rules, amended them to ban 'fan cars' from future races with immediate effect.^[52] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (836x584, 99 KB) This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (836x584, 99 KB) This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v. ... The Brabham BT46 was a Formula One racing car, designed by Gordon Murray for the Brabham team owned by Bernie Ecclestone for the 1978 Formula One season. ... Lotus 79 at the 2006 Goodwood Festival of Speed The Lotus 79 was a Formula 1 car designed in late 1977 by Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie, Tony Rudd and Peter Wright of Lotus. ... The term downforce describes the downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a racing car that allow it to travel faster through a corner by holding the car to the track or road surface. ... Andreas Nikolaus Niki Lauda (born February 22, 1949) is an Austrian racing driver. ... The 1978 Formula One Swedish Grand Prix held at the Scandinavian Raceway on June 17, 1978. ... The Scandinavian Raceway is a 2. ... The Fédération Internationale de lAutomobile, commonly referred to as the FIA, is a non-profit association established in 1904 to represent the interest of motoring organisations and motor car users. ...

Murray started using lightweight carbon fibre composite panels to reinforce and stiffen Brabham's aluminium alloy monocoques from 1979. He was reluctant to built an entirely composite chassis until he completely understood how the new materials worked, an understanding achieved in part through an intrumented crash test of a BT49 chassis.^[51] The team did not follow McLaren's 1981 MP4/1 with their own fully composite chassis until the 'lowline' BT55 in 1986^[27], the last team to do so. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic or (CFRP or CRP), is a strong, light and very expensive composite material or fiber reinforced plastic. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Atomic mass 26. ... Monocoque (French for single shell) is a construction technique that uses the external skin of an object to support some or most of the load on the structure. ...

For the 1981 season FISA introduced a 6 cm minimum ground clearance for the cars, intended to slow them in corners by limiting the downforce created by aerodynamic ground effect. Ground effect reduces the air pressure under the car, sucking it onto the track, and increases as the underside of the car gets closer to the track surface.^[53] Gordon Murray devised a hydropneumatic suspension system for the BT49C, in which compressed air acted as the spring. The air springs supported the car at the regulation height for checks while stationary in parc fermé. At speed, downforce compressed the suspension and the car settled to a much lower ride height, which created more downforce but could not be measured. Brabham were accused of cheating by other teams. Murray believes that the system was legal, as any suspension system will compress under download. The loophole was in the degree of compression permitted, which was not specified under the rules. Murray also feels that the team's effort in developing the system was wasted when, part way through the season, FISA decided to permit systems with a simple switch to lower the ride height.^[54] The term downforce describes the downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a racing car that allow it to travel faster through a corner by holding the car to the track or road surface. ... Aerodynamics is a branch of fluid dynamics concerned with the study of gas flows, first analysed by George Cayley in the 1800s. ... Ground effect (or Wing In Ground effect) is a phenomenon of aerodynamics where the flow of air around part of an aircraft or a racing car is interrupted by the ground. ... Hydropneumatic is the name given to a suspension system invented by Citroën and fitted to Citroën cars, as well as being adapted by other car manufacturers, notably Rolls-Royce, Mercedes-Benz and Peugeot. ... The numerous Formula One regulations, made and enforced by the FIA and later the FISA, have changed dramatically since the first Formula One World Championship in 1950. ...

At the 1982 British Grand Prix Brabham reintroduced the idea of re-fuelling and re-tyring the car during the race, to allow their drivers to sprint away at the start of races on a light fuel load and soft tyres. In tests at Donington Park the week before the race the pit crew were reported to "have refuelled and re-tyred the car in only 14 seconds"^[55] The team made good use of the tactic in 1982 and 1983. Refuelling was banned for 1984, reappearing in 1994, but tyre changes have remained part of Formula One. Results from the 1982 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Brands Hatch on July 18, 1982 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Brian Henton 113. ... World Series by Renault at Donington Parks Melbourne Hairpin in 2005. ...

Controversy

While the fan car and hydropneumatic suspension exploited loopholes in the sporting regulations, the team was also accused of breaking those regulations in the early 1980s. During 1981, Piquet's first championship year, rumours - stated openly by Jacques Lafitte - circulated of illegal lightweight Brabham chassis. The cars were supposedly fitted with heavily ballasted bodywork before being weighed at scrutineering. The accusation was denied by Brabham's management. No formal protest was made against the team and no action was taken against them by the sporting authorities.^[56] Jacques Lafitte could mean: Editions Jacques Lafitte, a French publishing house The French banker and politician Jacques Laffitte (1767-1844) The French racing driver Jacques Laffite (born 1943) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... In automotive engineering, the bodywork of an automobile is the structure which protects: The occupants Any other payload The mechanical components. ...

Ecclestone's position as president of the Formula One Constructors Association (FOCA) and owner of Brabham left the team open to accusations that it had an inside track on forthcoming rule changes. Ecclestone denies the team was advantaged and Murray has noted that, contrary to this view, at the end of 1982 the team had to abandon their new BT51 car, built on the basis that ground effect would be permitted in 1983. When ground effect was then banned for the 1983 season by the FIA, Brabham had to design and build a second, entirely different, car (BT52) in only three months.^[57] At the end of the 1983 season, Renault and Ferrari, both beaten to the drivers' championship by Piquet, protested that the Research Octane Number (RON) of the team's fuel was above the legal limit of 102. FISA declared that a figure of up to 102.9 was permitted under the rules, and that Brabham had not exceeded this limit.^[58] The Formula One Constructors Association (FOCA) is an organization of the chassis builders (constructors) who design and build the cars that race in the Formula One Grands Prix. ... A gas station pump offering five different octane ratings. ...

Engines

While its competitors Lotus and McLaren used off the shelf customer engines from the mid 1960s to the early 1980s, Brabham successfully used a variety of manufacturer engines over the same period. Twice in its history Brabham used engines based on road car units to win the Formula One world championship.

Repco V8

Main article: Repco

In 1963 the FIA announced a doubling of maximum engine capacity to three litres to start from the 1966 Formula One season. No suitable customer engines were available, so Jack Brabham exploited his existing relationship with Australian automotive components manufacturer Repco. He proposed to Repco that they design and build a simple, reliable racing engine based on aluminium V8 engine blocks from the defunct American Oldsmobile F85 road car project, and other off the shelf parts.^[59] The board agreed to his proposal and a small team produced the first Repco engine in time for the start of the 1966 season. With no more than 310 bhp, the Repco was by far the least powerful of the new 3 litre engines, but unlike the others it was frugal, light and compact.^[60] Also, unlike the others it was reliable and Jack Brabham, the 1959 and 1960 World Champion, won his third title in 1966. In 1967 a new version of the engine was produced, with a Repco designed block. The title went to his team mate Denny Hulme as Jack used unreliable new parts. Repco was a Formula One engine manufacturer from 1966 through 1969. ... This article recaps the 1966 Formula One season. ... Repco was a Formula One engine manufacturer from 1966 through 1969. ... An engine block is the main part of an internal combustion engine. ... The final Oldsmobile Logo, introduced in 1997 as an update of the Rocket theme used in various forms since 1948. ... // Season Summary Season Review 1959 Constructors Championship final standings 1959 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ... // Season Summary Season Review 1960 Constructors Championship final standings 1960 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons ...

A new version of the Repco V8, with gear driven double overhead camshafts and four valves per head, was produced for 1968 to maintain its competitiveness with the new Cosworth DFV. The new version produced around 380 bhp, but the season was a disaster as it proved very unreliable. The Repco project had always been hindered by the lengthy lines of communication between the UK and Australia, which made correcting problems very difficult. At the end of the season Brabham told Repco that they would be using the DFV for 1969. Repco, having spent far more money that originally envisaged and having sold very few customer versions of their engine, stopped the project. Brabham and Repco continued to collaborate outside Formula One in 1969, winning a USAC national championship race in America and the 'Bathurst 100' in Australia. The Cosworth DFV V8 engine (DFV standing for double four valve) was the most successful in the history of Formula 1/Grand Prix motor racing. ... Bathurst can refer to several cities in English-speaking countries: Bathurst, New Brunswick (Canada) Bathurst, New South Wales (Australia) Bathurst, South Africa, near Grahamstown on the eastern cape. ...

Alfa Romeo flat-12 and V12

For 1976 Bernie Ecclestone did a deal for the Brabham Formula One team to use Alfa-Romeo engines based on their flat-12 sports car unit, designed by Carlo Chiti. The engines were free and produced a claimed 510 bhp against the 465 bhp of the ubiquitous Cosworth DFV. However, packaging the engines was difficult - they had to be removed in order to change the spark plugs - and the high fuel consumption engine required very large fuel tanks.^[61] Murray's increasingly adventurous designs, like the BT46 which won two races in 1978, were partly a response to the challenge of producing a suitably light and aerodynamic chassis around the bulky unit. When aerodynamic ground effect became important in 1978, it was clear that the low, wide engines would interfere with the large venturi tunnels under the car which were needed to create the ground effect. At Murray's instigation Alfa produced a narrower V12 design in only three months for the 1979 season, but it continued to be unreliable and fuel inefficient.^[62] Before the end of the season Brabham reverted to the Cosworth DFV - a move which Murray recalls as like "having a holiday".^[63] Alfa Romeo is an Italian automobile manufacturer. ... A flat-12 is an internal combustion engine in flat configuration, having 12 cylinders. ... Carlo Chiti was an Italian racing car and engine designer. ... This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ... Fuel efficiency sometimes means the same as thermal efficiency or fuel economy. ... Ground effect (or Wing In Ground effect) is a phenomenon of aerodynamics where the flow of air around part of an aircraft or a racing car is interrupted by the ground. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A V12 is an internal combustion engine with 12 cylinders in V configuration. ...

BMW straight 4 turbo

From 1982 Brabham used the BMW 4-cylinder M10 turbo, previously used in Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft touring cars and based on a road car unit. Brabham thus became only the third team after Renault and Ferrari to employ a turbo engine. Initially the turbo engine electronics had issues that made it hard to drive and unreliable. The relationship came close to ending, with BMW insisting that Brabham stop using the Cosworth powered BT49Ds, while Ecclestone maintained that the BMW powered cars were not reliable enough. Together with Bosch, the BMW engineers solved the problem. The partnership took its first win at the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix. In 1983 Nelson Piquet became the first driver to win the world championship in a turbo-engined car. The partnership lasted until Brabham's withdrawal from Formula One at the end of 1987. BMW-Sauber F1, is a Formula One team with bases in Hinwil, Switzerland and Munich, Germany. ... The BMW M10/M12 was an I4 piston engine produced from 1961 to 1987. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft (German Racing Championship) or DRM as it was known as, the precessor of modern DTM, began as a touring car and GT race for A2 (BMW 2002) and A4 (BMW CSL) cars in 1972 in addition to the Rundstreckenmeisterschaft (German endurance saloon car championship), races were ran... The Robert Bosch GmbH is a German company which was started in 1886 by Robert Bosch. ... Results from the 1982 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 13, 1982 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Didier Pironi 128. ...

Brabham championship results

Results achieved by the 'works' Brabham team.

Notes

Roy Salvadori was a Formula One driver from Britain. ... John Michael Frankenheimer (February 19, 1930 – July 6, 2002) was an American film director. ... Grand Prix is a action film released in 1966. ... John Player founded his tobacco company in the mid-19th century in Nottingham, England. ... Jaguar Cars Limited is a British luxury car manufacturer, with headquarters in Browns Lane, Coventry, England. ... Wikimedia Commons has more media related to: Jaguar D-type The Jaguar D-type, like its predecessor, is a factory-built race-car. ... John Barnard is a race car designer. ...

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Brabham Racing Organisation

• Brabham, Jack, Nye, Doug (2004). The Jack Brabham Story. Motorbooks International. ISBN 0-7603-1590-6.
• Collings, Timothy (2004). The Piranha Club. Virgin Books. ISBN 0-7535-0965-2.
• Drackett, Phil (1985). Brabham — Story of a racing team. Arthur Baker Ltd. ISBN 0-213-16915-0.
• Henry, Alan (1985). Brabham, the Grand Prix Cars. Osprey. ISBN 0-905138-36-8.
• Drackett, Phil (1985). Brabham — Story of a racing team. Arthur Baker Ltd. ISBN 0-213-16915-0.
• Fearnley, Paul. "The powerhouse that Jack built", Motorsport, May 2006, p. 41.
• Hodges, David (1990). A-Z of Formula Racing Cars 1945-1990. Bay View books. ISBN 1-901432-17-3.
• Lawrence, Mike (1999). Brabham+Ralt+Honda: The Ron Tauranac story. Motor Racing Publications. ISBN 1-899870-35-0.
• Roebuck, Nigel (1986). Grand Prix Greats. Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 0-85059-792-7.
• Scarlett, Michael. "Team Building", Motorsport, May 2006, p. 43.

Facts which are not otherwise footnoted have been taken from the following sources: Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

• Official Formula 1 Website. Archive: Results for 1962 – 1992 seasons www.formula1.com Retrieved 27 April 2006
• Henry, Alan (May 1999) "The House that Jack Built" Motorsport p.40 Article summarising the history of the team from 1962 to 1992.